https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Sarpir-ma%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8DaSarpir-maṇḍa - Revision history2026-08-19T04:11:12ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sarpir-ma%E1%B9%87%E1%B8%8Da&diff=55834&oldid=prev>Rickinwikipedia at 03:50, 19 May 20202020-05-19T03:50:13Z<p></p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Infobox Chinese<br />
| title = sarpir-maṇḍa<br />
| c = 醍醐<br />
| p = tíhú<br />
| hangul = 제호<br />
| rr = jeho<br />
| hiragana = だいご<br />
| romaji = daigo<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Sarpir-maṇḍa''' ([[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]]: {{lang|sa|सर्पिर्मण्ड}}) was a type of [[dairy product]], from five stages of milk described in Hinduism and Buddhist texts.<br />
<br />
== As in Buddhist texts ==<br />
<br />
Buddhist texts including ''[[Mahāyāna Mahāparinirvāṇa Sūtra|Nirvana Sutra]]'' describes five stages of milk as an analogy to stages of purification of spirit:<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
!<br />
! Sanskrit<br />
! Chinese translation<br />
! English translation<br />
|-<br />
| 1 || {{lang|sa|क्षीर}} ''kṣīra'' || 乳 || milk<br />
|-<br />
| 2 || {{lang|sa|दधि}} ''dadhi'' || 酪 || curd or sour milk<br />
|-<br />
| 3 || {{lang|sa|नवनीत}} ''navanīta'' || 生酥 || butter<br />
|-<br />
| 4 || {{lang|sa|सर्पिस्}} ''sarpis'' || 熟酥 ||<br />
|-<br />
| 5 || {{lang|sa|सर्पिर्मण्ड}} ''sarpir-maṇḍa'' || 醍醐 ||<br />
|}<br />
<br />
{{Quotation|{{Lang|zh-tw|乳變為酪，酪為生酥，生酥為熟酥，熟酥為醍醐，醍醐為第一。}}|『長阿含經』<ref>[[:zh:s:長阿含經/卷十七]]</ref>}}<br />
<blockquote>Milk yields curd; curd yields butter; butter yields ''sarpis''; ''sarpis'' yields ''sarpir-maṇḍa''; ''sarpir-maṇḍa'' is the best.</blockquote><br />
<br />
Sarpir-maṇḍa was most probably the early form of [[ghee]].{{citation needed|date=October 2019}}<br />
<br />
== In East Asia ==<br />
<br />
In Chinese Buddhist texts, ''sarpir-maṇḍa'' was translated to ''tíhú''. (醍醐) The entry for ''tíhú'' in ''[[Compendium of Materia Medica]]'' (1578) quotes various references, the earliest of which was written in 5th century [[Liu Song dynasty]].<ref>[[:zh:s:本草綱目/菜之二#醍醐菜]]</ref><br />
<br />
The word 醍醐 is pronounced ''daigo'' in Japan. The word has been used in [[Daigo Temple]], [[Emperor Daigo]], (who has been named after the temple,) and the word ''daigo-mi'' (醍醐味), which means a superb flavor.<ref name="History of Cheese" /><br />
<br />
Japanese Dairy Association claims that Emperor Daigo encouraged the production of [[So_(dairy_product)|so]], daigo, and other cheese-like products during this reign in the 10th century.<ref name="History of Cheese">{{cite web|title=チーズの歴史 日本乳業協会 (History of Cheese, by Japan Dairy Industry Association)|url=http://www.nyukyou.jp/dairy/cheese/cheese15.html|work=日本乳業協会|publisher=Japan Dairy Industry Association|accessdate=19 August 2012|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110524022546/http://www.nyukyou.jp/dairy/cheese/cheese15.html|archivedate=24 May 2011}}</ref><br />
<br />
==See also==<br />
*[[Ghee]]<br />
*[[Whey]]<br />
<br />
==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
<br />
{{buddhism-stub}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Dairy products]]<br />
[[Category:Religious food and drink]]<br />
[[Category:Food and drink in Hinduism]]<br />
[[Category:Food and drink in Buddhism]]</div>>Rickinwikipedia