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← Older revision		Revision as of 15:56, 18 April 2022
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	==References==		==References==
	{{reflist}}		{{reflist}}
			{{Sarnath Museum}}
	[[Category:Indian architectural history]]		[[Category:Indian architectural history]]
	[[Category:Sarnath]]		[[Category:Sarnath]]

imported>PohranicniStraze: fixed spelling - the archive transcription is spelled wrong, but the title page of the book shows the correct spelling

2021-01-08T01:03:47Z

fixed spelling - the archive transcription is spelled wrong, but the title page of the book shows the correct spelling

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=February 2020}}
{{Infobox artefact
| name = Sarnath capital<br><small>(3rd-1st century BCE)</small>
| image = [[File:Sarnath capital in Sarnath Museum.jpg|300px]]<br>[[File:Sarnath capital elephant side (reconstruction).jpg|300px]]
| image_caption = The Sarnath capital front (actual view) and back (reconstructed from available photographs).
| material = Stone
| size =
| writing =
| created = 3rd-1st century BCE
| discovered =
| location = [[Sarnath Museum]], [[India]]
| id =
| registration =
| map =
{{Location map|India
|width =
|float = center
|border =
|caption =
|alt =
|relief = yes
|AlternativeMap=
|overlay_image =
|label = Sarnath
|label_size =
|position = right
|background =
|mark =
|marksize =
|link =
|lat_deg = 25
|lat_min = 22
|lat_sec = 0
|lat_dir = N
|lon_deg = 83
|lon_min = 01
|lon_sec = 0
|lon_dir = E
}}
}}
The '''Sarnath capital''' is a pillar [[capital (architecture)|capital]], sometimes also described as a "stone bracket", discovered in the archaeological excavations at the ancient [[Buddhist]] site of [[Sarnath]] in 1905.<ref name="ASI">{{cite book |title=Archaeological Survey Of India Annual Report 1906-7 |date=1909 |page=[https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.208474/page/n132 72] |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.208474}}</ref> The pillar displays [[Ionic order|Ionic]] [[volute]]s and [[palmette]]s.<ref name="BRM">{{cite book |last1=Mani |first1=B. R. |title=Sarnath : Archaeology, Art and Architecture |date=2012 |publisher=Archaeological Survey of India |page=[https://archive.org/details/sarnatharchaeolo00mani/page/60 60] |url=https://archive.org/details/sarnatharchaeolo00mani}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Majumdar |first1=B. |title=Guide to Sarnath |date=1937 |page=[https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.30293/page/n63 41] |url=https://archive.org/details/in.gov.ignca.30293}}</ref> It used to be dated to the 3rd century BCE, during the [[Mauryan Empire]] period,<ref>Presented as a "Mauryan capital, 250 BC" with the addition of recumbent lions at the base, in the page "Types of early capitals" in {{cite book |last1=Brown |first1=Percy |title=Indian Architecture (Buddhist And Hindu) |date=1959 |page=x |url=https://archive.org/stream/in.ernet.dli.2015.54756#page/n33/mode/2up}}</ref><ref name="ASI"/> but is now dated to the 1st century BCE, during the [[Sunga Empire]] period.<ref name="BRM"/>

One of the faces shows a galloping horse carrying a rider, while the other face shows an elephant and its [[Mahout|mahaut]].<ref name="BRM"/>

The capital is suggestive of the [[Hellenistic art|Hellenistic]] Ionic order, and is often discussed in conjunction with the [[Pataliputra capital]].<ref>"Stone brackets or capitals suggestive of the Ionic order" in {{cite book |last1=Allchin |first1=F. R. |last2=Erdosy |first2=George |title=The Archaeology of Early Historic South Asia: The Emergence of Cities and States |date=1995 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521376952 |page=258 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5kI02_zW70C&pg=PA258 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Allchin |first1=F. R. |last2=Erdosy |first2=George |title=The Archaeology of Early Historic South Asia: The Emergence of Cities and States |date=1995 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9780521376952 |page=xi, note of figure 11.30 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5kI02_zW70C&pg=PA3 |language=en}}</ref> The two capitals have also been described as "quasi-Ionic", and compared for example to the [[anta capital]]s of the [[Didyma|Temple of Apollo in Didyma]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Banerjee |first1=Gauranga Nath |title=Hellenism in ancient India |date=1920 |publisher=Butterworth & co. |location=Calcutta |page=[https://archive.org/details/hellenisminancie00banerich/page/46 46] |url=https://archive.org/details/hellenisminancie00banerich}}</ref>

The capital is now located in the [[Sarnath Museum]].<ref name="BRM"/>

<gallery class="center" widths="150px" heights="140px">
File:Mauryan capital 250 BCE drawing.jpg|Reconstruction of the full capital by [[Percy Brown (art historian)|Percy Brown]]
File:Sarnath capital in color.jpg|Frontal views of the Sarnath capital, in the [[Sarnath Museum]]
</gallery>

==See also==
* [[Hellenistic influence on Indian art]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Indian architectural history]]
[[Category:Sarnath]]

Sarnath capital - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

imported>PohranicniStraze: fixed spelling - the archive transcription is spelled wrong, but the title page of the book shows the correct spelling