WikiDwarf: Reverted edits by 2402:8100:257B:85D6:0:0:DD6F:28F4 (talk) to last revision by 106.66.61.101

2023-08-18T13:39:08Z

Reverted edits by 2402:8100:257B:85D6:0:0:DD6F:28F4 (talk) to last revision by 106.66.61.101

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	* [http://www.sardhanachurch.org/ Sardhan Church]		* [http://www.sardhanachurch.org/ Sardhan Church]
	* [https://jatland.gadgetsark.com/index.php?title=Sardhana Sardhana] - [[Jatland Wiki]]		* [https://jatland.gadgetsark.com/index.php?title=Sardhana Sardhana] - [[Jatland Wiki]]
	*[https://jatpedia.gadgetsark.com/index.php?title=Sardhana Sardhana] - [[Jatpedia]]
	{{Meerut district}}		{{Meerut district}}
	{{Authority control}}		{{Authority control}}

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External links

← Older revision		Revision as of 18:59, 18 August 2023
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	* [http://www.sardhanachurch.org/ Sardhan Church]		* [http://www.sardhanachurch.org/ Sardhan Church]
	* [https://jatland.gadgetsark.com/index.php?title=Sardhana Sardhana] - [[Jatland Wiki]]		* [https://jatland.gadgetsark.com/index.php?title=Sardhana Sardhana] - [[Jatland Wiki]]
			*[https://jatpedia.gadgetsark.com/index.php?title=Sardhana Sardhana] - [[Jatpedia]]
	{{Meerut district}}		{{Meerut district}}
	{{Authority control}}		{{Authority control}}

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	* [http://sardhana.tripod.com/ Sardhan History and Genealogy]		* [http://sardhana.tripod.com/ Sardhan History and Genealogy]
	* [http://www.sardhanachurch.org/ Sardhan Church]		* [http://www.sardhanachurch.org/ Sardhan Church]
			* [https://jatland.gadgetsark.com/index.php?title=Sardhana Sardhana] - [[Jatland Wiki]]

	{{Meerut district}}		{{Meerut district}}

imported>KylieTastic: Reverted 1 edit by 2405:201:4017:C023:2073:CBA1:C3A6:77D1 (talk) to last revision by GreenC bot

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New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Sardhana
| settlement_type = city
| pushpin_map = India Uttar Pradesh
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttar Pradesh, India
| coordinates = {{coord|29.145|N|77.610|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flagu|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_name1 = [[Uttar Pradesh]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Meerut district|Meerut]]
| leader_title = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| leader_name = Sangeet Singh Som <ref>[https://www.ndtv.com/elections/uttar-pradesh/sardhana-mla-results "Sardhana MLA"]</ref>
| unit_pref = Metric
| elevation_m = 226
| population_total = 58490
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
}}
'''Sardhana''' is a city and a [[municipal board]] in [[Meerut district]] in the Indian state of [[Uttar Pradesh]]. It is {{convert|85|km|0|abbr=on}} northeast of [[New Delhi]] and 13 mi from [[Meerut]]. It is 5 km from Meerut Karnal National Highway and 12 km from National Highway 58. It is famous for its cloth and timber industries, and its church.

== History ==
Being close to [[Hastinapur]], which is also in [[Meerut district]], the capital of [[Kauravas]] of [[Mahabharata]], Sardhana is also known for the ancient Mahadev Temple that is believed to be dating from the [[Mahabharata]] period. It was here that the [[Pandavas]] prayed before leaving for the Lakshagrah, the notorious palace made of [[lac]] by [[Duryodhana]], at the confluence of the [[Hindon River|Hindon]] and Krishna rivers (Kali River, ''Kali Nadi''). This palace was located at ''Varnavrat'', the present [[Barnava]], where the prince resided with their mother [[Kunti]].<ref>[http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/Features/ET_Travel/Epic_Proportion_Sardhana/rssarticleshow/2841161.cms Epic Proportion: Sardhana - There’s more to Sardhana than the church..] [[The Economic Times]], 6 March 2008.</ref>

In the 19th century, Sardhana was the capital of the [[Begum Samru]], born as Farzana Zebunisa in 1751, and considered to be the only [[Catholic]] ruler in India. She married in her early teens, a [[mercenary soldier]] [[Walter Reinhardt Sombre]] of [[Luxembourg]], who was operating in India. Samru is but a mispronunciation of his surname Sombre. On his death in 1778 she succeeded to the command of his mercenary troops, and subsequently converted to [[Catholicism]]<ref name="enc">{{cite EB1911|wstitle=Sardhana|volume=24|page=210}}.</ref> in 1781, under the name Johanna.<ref name="Gazetteer">''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', v. 22, p. 105, Oxford, 1908. Retrieved from [https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/text.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V22_111.gif here]</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080830020225/http://www.hindu.com/2007/08/31/stories/2007083154720600.htm Sardhana to find a new place on tourism map] by Atiq Khan. [[The Hindu]], 31 August 2007.</ref>

During her lifetime she supported financially many charitable and religious institutions.<ref name=enc/> She also obtained from the [[Holy See]], the promotion of Father Giulio Cesare, one of the members of the Agra Mission, to the [[Bishop|episcopal]] dignity, and later [[Pope Gregory XVI]] wrote to her, and sent her tokens of his paternal [[approbation]].<ref>[[s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Agra|Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Agra]] [[wikisource]].</ref> The church she built in 1822, became a [[cathedral]] for a short time, with its own bishop. The Bishop's Palace has become a girls school. Her original palace has now become a seminary for training priests. The New Palace has become the boys school. In December 1961, [[Pope John XXIII]] conferred the dignity of [[Minor Basilica]] to the church, now known as [[Basilica of Our Lady of Graces]]. This dignity is given only on churches that are both beautiful and historically famous.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20071111/spectrum/main5.htm Church that Begum Samru built] [[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]], 11 November 2007.</ref>

[[File:Amjad Ali Shah.jpg|left|thumb|Amjad Ali Shah and his advisers]]
It was also ruled by the [[Nawab of Sardhana]], Syed Amjad Ali Shah], a grandson of Nawab [[Jan Fishan Khan]], chief of the [[Paghman]] tribe, who came to India in 1842 after Begum Samru died. Amjad Ali Shah's son, [[Sirdar Ikbal Ali Shah]], was born there. [[Sirdar Ikbal Ali Shah]] was the father of the Sufi teacher and writer [[Idries Shah]].

In 1901, it was the headquarters of a ''[[Tehsil]]'', by the same name, in [[Meerut district]], [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh]], and had a population of 12,467.<ref name="Gazetteer"/>

== Demographics ==
[[File:Interior of the Sardhana Catholic Church, Sardhana.jpg|right|200px|thumb|Interior of the 'Basilica of Our Lady of Graces', Sardhana.]]
{{As of|2001}} India [[census]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999|archive-date=2004-06-16|title= Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)|access-date=2008-11-01|publisher= Census Commission of India}}</ref> Sardhana had a population of 47,970. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Sardhana has an average literacy rate of 48%, lower than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 55%, and female literacy is 40%. In Sardhana, 18% of the population is under 6 years of age.

The main communities in sardhana are [[Brahmins]], [[Rajput]], [[Gurjar]], [[Jainism|Jains]], [[Jat people|Jats]], [[Tyagi]]s, and [[Muslims]].

==Mahapanchayat==
There is called a mahapanchayat (great council) of 40 villages on 29 September 2013 to protest against the [[Uttar Pradesh]] government charging the local [[BJP]] MLA [[Sangeet Singh Som]] under the stringent [[National Security Act (India)|National Security Act]] AT KHERA. The crowd becomes violent when the police began to brandish sticks. The situation turned tense when a rumour spread that a youth injured in police action had died. Crowd set fire police jeeps and other vehicles.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-30/india/42534627_1_police-clashes-police-action-mahapanchayat|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131003024713/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2013-09-30/india/42534627_1_police-clashes-police-action-mahapanchayat|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 October 2013|title=20 injured in police clashes over Meerut mahapanchayat|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=30 September 2013 }}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* [http://www.npsin.in/place/Mahadeo Nearest Old Village Mahadeo]
* [http://www.sardhana.org.uk/ Sardhana Project]
* [http://sardhana.tripod.com/ Sardhan History and Genealogy]
* [http://www.sardhanachurch.org/ Sardhan Church]

{{Meerut district}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Cities and towns in Meerut district]]
[[Category:Princely states of India]]

Sardhana - Revision history

WikiDwarf: Reverted edits by 2402:8100:257B:85D6:0:0:DD6F:28F4 (talk) to last revision by 106.66.61.101

2402:8100:257B:85D6:0:0:DD6F:28F4: /* External links */

106.66.61.101 at 21:13, 28 July 2023

imported>KylieTastic: Reverted 1 edit by 2405:201:4017:C023:2073:CBA1:C3A6:77D1 (talk) to last revision by GreenC bot