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{{Short description|Planetarium in Vadodara, Gujarat, India}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2024}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2024}}
{{Infobox museum
| name = Sardar Patel Planetarium
| logo =
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| image = Vadodara Planetarium-1.jpg
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| caption = Pyramid-shaped building of the planetarium
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| coordinates = {{coord|22.3094|73.1894|type:landmark_region:IN|display=inline,title}}
| former_name = 
| established = {{start date and age|1976|07|12|df=y}}
| dissolved = 
| location = [[Sayaji Baug|Sayajibaug]], [[Vadodara]], [[Gujarat]], India
| type = [[Planetarium]]
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| architect = P. S. Ranjan, Panna Ranjan
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| owner = [[Vadodara Municipal Corporation]]
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'''Sardar Patel Planetarium'''{{efn-ua|The official name is Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Planetarium.}} is a [[planetarium]] in [[Sayaji Baug|Sayajibaug]], [[Vadodara]], [[Gujarat]], India which was inaugurated in 1976. The pyramid-like building has four floors housing an [[amphitheatre]], a planetarium chamber, an exhibition space and an [[observatory]].

==History==
The planetarium was built by [[Vadodara Municipal Corporation]] near the main gate and in a corner of Sayajibaug, a central garden on the banks of [[Vishwamitri river]].<ref name=":1">{{cite journal |last=Sthanapati |first=Jayanta |date=March 2016 |title=Planetariums in India: Domes By the Numbers |url=https://www.researchgate.net/publication/299394524 |journal=Planetarian |volume=45 |issue=1 |pages=54}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |title=Planetarium |url=https://vmc.gov.in/PlanetariumDetail.aspx |access-date=2024-04-23 |website=Vadodara Municipal Corporation}}</ref><ref name=":3">{{Cite book |last=Sethi |first=Anirudh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=E5uzDwAAQBAJ&dq=baroda+planetarium&pg=PT56 |title=Royal Family of Baroda: Gaekwad's |date=2019-10-04 |publisher=Notion Press |isbn=978-1-64587-979-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref name=":6" />

The foundation of the planetarium was laid on 3 November 1974 by [[Mohan Dharia]], Minister of State for Works and Housing, [[Government of India]]. It was inaugurated on 12 July 1976 by [[Homi Sethna|H. N. Sethna]], Chairman of the [[Atomic Energy Commission of India|Atomic Energy Commission]].<ref name=":5">{{Cite web |title=Sardar Patel Planetarium |url=https://www.baroda.com/2/Sightseeing-In-Vadodara/Sardar-Patel-Planetarium |access-date=2024-04-24 |website=www.baroda.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last=Snehrashmi |date=21 April 2019 |title=Inauguration plaque |url=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Vadodara_Planetarium05.jpg |access-date=2024-04-29 |website=Wikimedia Commons}}</ref><ref name=":4">{{Cite journal |last=Kulkarni |first=A. G. |date=June 1981 |title=Planetaria in India |url=https://cdn.ymaws.com/www.ips-planetarium.org/resource/resmgr/planetarian/v10n2-1981qtr2.pdf |journal=Planetarian |publisher=International Planetarium Society |volume=10 |issue=2 |pages=27}}</ref> It was named after Indian independence activist [[Vallabhbhai Patel|Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel]] to commemorate his birth centenary.<ref name=":5" /> Over the years, the building had deteriorated so it was renovated at a cost of {{INRconvert|6.03|c}} and was reopened to public on 24 October 2017.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news |date=2017-10-24 |title=Planetarium, city info centre to open today |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vadodara/planetarium-city-info-centre-to-open-today/articleshow/61192262.cms |access-date=2024-04-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}
</ref><ref name=":7">{{Cite news |date=2016-03-17 |title=SP Planetarium set for Rs 1.29cr makeover |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/vadodara/sp-planetarium-set-for-rs-1-29cr-makeover/articleshow/51435213.cms |access-date=2024-04-29 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref>

==Architecture and features==
The planetarium was designed by P. S. Ranjan and Panna Ranjan while V. M. Shah was a structural designer. The design avoided the dominant feature of the dome as in the most planetariums. The concept was to design a form that evokes one to look up the sky thus they designed the building with slopes.<ref name=":6">{{Cite journal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WtZUAAAAMAAJ|title= Sardar Patel Planetarium, Baroda|journal=Journal of the Indian Institute of Architects |date=1977 |publisher=Architects Publishing Corporation of India, Indian Institute of Architects|editor=Jain|editor-first=Uttam C.|others=Santosh Kumar |publication-date=1977 |pages=6 |language=en|volume=43|issue=1(January–March)}}</ref>

It is a multi-functional pyramid-like building with four floors.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":6" /> On the ground floor, there is an entrance, an entrance hall, an office space and an open-air amphitheatre with seating capacity of 300 people.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":5" /> The [[mezzanine]] floor overlooking it provides space intended for cafeteria and reading room.<ref name=":6" /> The third floor has the planetarium chamber with {{convert|12.5|m}} wide dome and a [[Zeiss Spacemaster]] projector.<ref name=":1" /><ref name=":4" /> It has a seating capacity of 156 to 200 people.<ref name=":6" /><ref name=":2" /><ref name=":4" /> The large foyer of the planetarium chamber serves as an exhibition space.<ref name=":6" /> Following renovation in 2017, new [[Astronomy|astronomical models]] were installed.<ref name=":0" /> The shows are conducted daily in [[Gujarati language|Gujarati]], Hindi and English languages.<ref name=":2" /><ref name=":3" /> The whole structure is topped by an observatory on the fourth floor.<ref name=":6" />

The building's structure utilizes an reinforced concrete frame with a diagonal grid layout. This allows for diagonal support members for the sloping exterior sides on north and west. The triangular openings along these slopes are created by extending the columns outwards. The floors inside the building are suspended within the large volume created by the sloping roof. The sense of continuity throughout the space is created by a visually connected staircase leading to all floors.<ref name=":6" /> The exterior is clad with [[Kota Stone|Kota stone]].<ref name=":7" />

The building is surrounded by the Science Park spread over an area of {{convert|2500|sqm}} which has 15 exhibits related to astronomy and physics. It was established in collaboration with the [[National Council of Science Museums]].<ref name=":5" />

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Vadodara planetarium shows 002.jpg|Building before renovation
File:Vadodara_Planetarium04.jpg|Entrance
File:Vadodara Planetarium05.jpg|Inauguration plaque
File:Vadodara_Planetarium03.jpg|Bust of [[Sardar Patel]]
File:Vadodara Planetarium-3.jpg|Earth model in park
</gallery>

==See also==
*[[List of planetariums|List of Planetariums]]

==Notes==
{{notelist-ua}}

==References==
{{reflist}}
{{commons category}}
{{Vadodara topics}}

[[Category:Buildings and structures in Vadodara]]
[[Category:Planetaria in India]]
[[Category:Tourist attractions in Vadodara]]
[[Category:Science museums in India]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures completed in 1976]]
[[Category:1976 establishments in Gujarat]]
[[Category:Memorials to Vallabhbhai Patel]]

Sardar Patel Planetarium - Revision history

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