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{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox magazine
| logo =
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| previous_editor = [[Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi]] (1903-1920),Padumlal Punnalal Bakshi, [[Thakur Srinath Singh]], Devidutta Shukl
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| category = Literary magazine
| frequency = Monthly
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| publisher = Indian Press
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| founder = [[Chintamani Ghosh]]
| founded =
| firstdate = {{Start date|df=yes|1900|1|1}} 
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| country = India
| based = [[Allahabad]]
| language = [[Hindi]]
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'''''Saraswati''''' was the first [[Hindi]] monthly magazine of India.<ref name=pib/><ref name=today/> Founded in 1900, by [[Chintamani Ghosh]], the proprietor of Indian Press, in Allahabad,<ref name=today>{{cite web|title=President unveils statue of Chintamani Ghosh in Allahabad|work=India Today|url=http://indiatoday.intoday.in/story/president-unveils-statue-of-chintamani-ghosh-in-allahabad/1/333019.html|date=26 December 2013|access-date=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=History: Allahabad - Main Event |work=Official Website of Allahabad Nagar Nigam (Allahabad Municipal Corporation)|url=http://www.allahabadnagarnigam.in/english/history_eng.htm|access-date=19 September 2014}}</ref> its success under the editorship of littérateur [[Mahavir Prasad Dwivedi]] (1903-1920), led to flourishing of modern Hindi prose and poetry especially in [[Khariboli dialect]].{{sfn|Ruhela|2003|p=85}} It became the most influential periodical in the [[Hindi literature]] during the first two decades of the 20th century.{{sfn|Freitag|1992|p=191}}

==History==
Based in [[Georgetown, Allahabad]], Ghosh founded Indian Press in 1884, mainly to published educational books, though gradually shifted to publishing general interest books.{{sfn|Mody|2008|p=37-38}} However, Ghosh didn't have much experience in publishing literary works. Thus in late 1899, he wrote to ''[[Nagari Pracharini Sabha]]'' in Varanasi, which worked for promotion of [[Devnagari]] script, seeking help with editor and writers for founding a literary Hindi magazine. Eventually, first issue of Saraswati was published on 1 January 1900.<ref>{{cite web|title=About Us-Saraswati|url=http://indianpublishinghouse.in/Saraswati.aspx?AspxAutoDetectCookieSupport=1|work=India Publishing House| access-date=19 September 2014}}</ref> The other famous [[Hindi]] publications of Indian press was children's magazine [[Balsakha]], weekly newspaper "Deshdoot", magazines for farmers "Hal"<ref>{{cite web|title=Hal|url=https://archive.org/details/Hal1942|access-date=9 April 2017|date=1 January 1942}}</ref> etc.

Indian Press was also the earliest promoters and publisher of [[Rabindranath Tagore]]'s work, including ''[[Geetanjali]]'', whose rights he held till 1922 before transferring it to Viswa Bharati University.<ref name=toi/> Dwivedi, the doyen of modern Hindi literature, remained its editors from 1903 to 1920, and provided a platform for upcoming writers in Hindi, where many writers of repute, including [[Premchand]] and [[Maithili Sharan Gupt]] got published.{{sfn|Ruhela|2003|p=85}} Through the magazine, he not only gave a new direction to [[Hindi literature]] by bringing in his social reformist agenda, but also exerted his lasting influence of the formation of style and sensibility during this twenty-year period of Hindi literature. Today it is known as "Dwivedi Yuga" (Age of Dwivedi) after him.{{sfn|Kumar|2005|p=133}}{{sfn|Das|1995|p=704}} Other eminent editors of Saraswati were Padumlal Punnalal Bakshi<ref>{{cite book|last1=Naiyara|first1=Rameśa|title=Padumalāla Punnālāla Bakhśī|date=2010|publisher=Prabhāta Prakāśana|location=Dillī|isbn=9788173158889|edition=Saṃskaraṇa 1.|url=http://www.prabhatbooks.com/padumlal-punnalal-bakshi.htm|access-date=18 April 2016}}</ref> of [[Rajnandgaon]], [[Thakur Srinath Singh]] and Devidutt Shukl.<ref>{{cite web|last1=Bjorkert|first1=Suruchi Thaper|title=Reconstructing the history of women's participation in the nationalist movement in India, 1905-1945|url=http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/36330/1/WRAP_THESIS_Thapar-Bjorkert_1997.pdf|website=Warwick|access-date=18 April 2016}}</ref>

In 2013, President of India, Pranab Mukherjee while unveiling a statue Ghosh at Jagat Taran Girls' Inter College, Allahabad, remembered his "great contribution towards promoting Hindi language and literature."<ref name=pib>{{cite web|title=Education will lay the foundation of India's future, says President|url=http://pib.nic.in/newsite/PrintRelease.aspx?relid=102161|work=Press Information Bureau|date=25 December 2013|access-date=19 September 2014}}</ref><ref name=toi>{{cite web|title=The man who unveiled Tagore's genius before the world|url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/allahabad/The-man-who-unveiled-Tagores-genius-before-the-world/articleshow/27990774.cms|access-date =19 September 2014|work=The Times of India}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
* {{cite book|last=Freitag|first=Sandria B.|title=Culture and Power in Banaras: Community, Performance, and Environment, 1800-1980|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9zKBWJejblgC&pg=PA191|year=1992|publisher=University of California Press|isbn=978-0-520-08094-2}}
* {{cite book|last=Ruhela|first=Giriraj Shah Satya Pal|title=Glory Of Indian Culture|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=bXporVFJ3-wC&pg=PA85|year=2003|publisher=Diamond Pocket Books (P) Ltd.|isbn=978-81-7182-592-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Kumar|first=Krishan|title=Political Agenda of Education: A Study of Colonialist and Nationalist Ideas|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=wYm6wRJYALYC&pg=PA28|date=2005|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3316-8}}
* {{cite book|last=Das|first=Sisir Kumar|title=History of Indian Literature: 1911-1956, struggle for freedom : triumph and tragedy|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sqBjpV9OzcsC&pg=PA704|date=1995|publisher=Sahitya Akademi|isbn=978-81-7201-798-9}}
* {{cite book|last=Mody|first=Sujata Sudhakar|title=Literature, Language, and Nation Formation: The Story of a Modern Hindi Journal 1900--1920|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9VUtAG9GJjAC&pg=PA37|year=2008|isbn=978-1-109-10083-9}}

[[Category:1900 establishments in India]]
[[Category:Hindi-language magazines]]
[[Category:Literary magazines published in India]]
[[Category:Monthly magazines published in India]]
[[Category:Magazines established in 1900]]
[[Category:Mass media in Allahabad]]

Saraswati (magazine) - Revision history

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