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{{Short description|Professor of mathematics at Aligarh University}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2022}}
{{Use Indian English|date=October 2022}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Saradaranjan Ray
| native_name = সারদারঞ্জন রায়
| native_name_lang = bn
| image = Calcutta_Review_17(2)_Saradaranjan_Ray_1925.jpg
| image_caption = Portrait of Ray, from ''Calcutta Review'' (1925).
| birth_date = {{Birth date|1858|05|26|df=y}}
| birth_place = [[Kishorganj]], [[Bengal Presidency|Bengal]], [[British Raj|British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1925|10|30|1858|05|24|df=y}}
| death_place = [[Calcutta]], Bengal, British India
| occupation = Mathematician, academic, cricketer
| relatives = [[Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury]] (brother)
}}
'''Saradaranjan Ray''' (26 May 1858 – 30 October 1925)<ref>{{cite book |author1=Sengupta, Subodhchandra |author2=Basu, Anjali |title=Samsad Bangali Charitabhidhan|year=1960 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.454299/page/n560/mode/1up|publisher=Sahitya Samsad |page=561 |language=bn|quote=Bengali calendar dates given as 12.Joishtho.1265 – 15.Kartrik.1332}}</ref> was a Bengali teacher of mathematics and Sanskrit who worked at [[Aligarh University]] and at [[Kolkata|Calcutta]]. He was also a cricket enthusiast and promoter who has been called the "[[W. G. Grace|W.G. Grace]] of India" and as the father of cricket in [[Bengal]]. He founded "''The Town Club''", a cricket club in Calcutta that played against European teams in the [[Eden Gardens]] from 1895. He was the elder brother of [[Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury]] and hence a paternal great-uncle of [[Satyajit Ray]].<ref name=Sengoopta>{{cite book|title=The Rays before Satyajit: Creativity and Modernity in Colonial India
|author=Sengoopta, Chandak| year=2016| publisher=Oxford University Press}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=When Swami Vivekananda claimed seven wickets and other Eden Gardens tales|url=https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/cricket/2019/may/04/when-swami-vivekananda-claimed-seven-wickets-and-other-eden-gardens-tales-1972482.html|access-date=17 November 2021|website=newindianexpress.com|agency=Express News Service|date=4 May 2019|location=Kolkata|first1=Atreyo|last1=Mukhopadhyay|publisher=The New Indian Express|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230416020605/https://www.newindianexpress.com/sport/cricket/2019/may/04/when-swami-vivekananda-claimed-seven-wickets-and-other-eden-gardens-tales-1972482.html|archive-date=16 April 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://inscript.me/how-east-bengal-mohun-bagan-became-rival-history-of-west-bengal-club-football-by-ayan-bhattacharya-robibarer-royak|title=বাংলা ভাগের ক্ষত কিভাবে বিষিয়ে দিল মোহনবাগান আর ইস্টবেঙ্গলকে?|trans-title=How did the wound of the partition of Bengal poisoned both Mohun Bagan and East Bengal?|first1=Ayan|last1=Bhattacharya|archive-date=7 November 2023|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231107163804/https://inscript.me/how-east-bengal-mohun-bagan-became-rival-history-of-west-bengal-club-football-by-ayan-bhattacharya-robibarer-royak|website=inscript.me|publisher=ইনস্ক্রিপ্ট বাংলা নিউজ|location=Kolkata|language=bn|date=10 September 2023|access-date=7 November 2023}}</ref>

== Life ==
[[File:Saradaranjan Roy.jpg|thumb|left|upright]]
Saradaranjan was one of five siblings born to Kalinath and Joytara who came from a wealthy [[Kishoreganj]] family. Kalinath (d. 1879), also called Shyamsundar Munshi, knew Persian, Arabic, and Sanskrit, and served as an assistant to the deputy magistrate of Mymensingh. Saradaranjan was educated in Dhaka, where he took an interest in cricket and along with his brothers, Kamadaranjan ([[Upendrakishore Ray Chowdhury|Upendrakishore]]), Muktidaranjan, Kuladaranjan and Pramodaranjan, founded the Dhaka College Cricket Club. He obtained a BA in 1878. He then obtained an MA from Calcutta in 1879 and joined the Aligarh [[Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College|Anglo-Oriental College]] as a mathematics teacher. He also taught Sanskrit.

Ray was known to be physically violent and temperamental. On one occasion his son brought home a goat that disturbed him with its bleating causing him to beat the goat to death. On another occasion, an English soldier in a train annoyed him by putting his leg up on the seat next to him. After the man refused to heed his requests, he reportedly grabbed the man and pulled him onto the floor.{{citation needed|date=April 2023}}

Ray moved from Aligarh to Berhampore with a teaching job and then went to Dhaka College for a brief stint before moving to Cuttack. He was then invited by [[Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar|Ishwarchandra Vidyasagar]] to join the [[Vidyasagar College|Metropolitan Institution]] which he joined in 1888, becoming its vice principal in 1892 and principal from 1909 until his death.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Majumdar|first=Boria|date=2005|title=Maharajas and Cricket: Self, State, Province and Nation|url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10.1080/09523360500122798|journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport|language=en|volume=22|issue=4|pages=639–648|doi=10.1080/10.1080/09523360500122798| s2cid=144277528 |issn=0952-3367|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Footballer [[Gostha Pal]] was encouraged by Ray in cricket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://ekhonkhobor.com/2019/08/20/prachirer-naam-gostho-pal-rana-chakraborty/|title=প্রাচীরের নাম গোষ্ঠ পাল|first=Rana|last=Chakraborty|website=ekhonkhobor.com|publisher=Ekhon Khobor Bangla|language=bn|trans-title=The Wall Named Gostha Pal|location=Kolkata|agency=|date=20 August 2019|access-date=22 October 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221022164143/https://ekhonkhobor.com/2019/08/20/prachirer-naam-gostho-pal-rana-chakraborty/|archive-date=22 October 2022}}</ref>

== Publishing and sports goods ==
After the death of Vidyasagar in 1891, the Metropolitan Institution ran into financial difficulties and Ray did not have a salary. He sought incomes from writing books, mainly commentaries in English on various Sanskrit works. He also conducted tutorials from 1895 charging 100 to 200 rupees per week. He established a printing and sports goods company, S. Ray and Company in 1898 along with his brother-in-law and renowned entrepreneur [[Hemendra Mohan Bose]] through which he published the first cricket manual in Bengali in 1899. The company was quite well known in the period and<ref>{{cite journal| url=https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09523360600802562 |doi=10.1080/09523360600802562 | title=Cricket in colonial Bengal (1880–1947): A lost history of nationalism | journal=The International Journal of the History of Sport | year=2006 | volume=23 | issue=6 | pages=960–990 | s2cid=216152701 |author=Majumdar, B. | url-access=subscription }}</ref> He designed a cricket bat that won a medal in the Indian Industrial and Agricultural Exhibition at Calcutta in 1906. He took a keen interest in fishing, designing baitless hooks and other gear which he sold through his company. Apart from cricket, he also took an interest in football, serving as the first president for the [[SC East Bengal|East Bengal Football Club]].<ref name=Sengoopta />

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* Ray, Saradaranjan (1918) [https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.262995 Kalidasa's Kumarasambhavam.] Calcutta:S. Ray and Co.
* [https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.285570 Kalidasa's Abhijnana Sakuntalam] (1908)
* [https://archive.org/details/Siddhantakaumudi_English_Translation_SR_Ray Siddhanta Kaumudi]
{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ray, Saradaranjan}}
[[Category:1858 births]]
[[Category:1925 deaths]]
[[Category:19th-century Bengali people]]
[[Category:20th-century Bengali people]]
[[Category:Indian Sanskrit scholars]]
[[Category:Bengali mathematicians]]
[[Category:Bengali cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian mathematicians]]
[[Category:Indian cricketers]]
[[Category:Indian academics]]
[[Category:Mathematicians from British India]]
[[Category:Sportspeople from British India]]
[[Category:People from the Bengal Presidency]]
[[Category:Satyajit Ray]]
[[Category:Scholars from Kolkata]]

Saradaranjan Ray - Revision history

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