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{{Short description|Study and transmission of Vedic texts and traditions in Mithila}}
[[Sanskrit and Vedic learning]], also called Vedic studies,<ref name="Gupta_2017"/> started in [[Mithila (region)|Mithila]] with the expansion of [[Vedic period|Vedic]] and Brahmanic culture eastwards along the Ganges plain.{{sfnp|Scharfe|2002|p=189–191}} From the 12th/13th to 15th century CE, Mithila was an important centre of [[Nyaya]] Shastra and logical sciences.{{sfnp|Scharfe|2002|p=189–191}}{{sfn|Bronkhorst|Diaconescu|Kulkarni|2013|p=98}}
[[File:Gautama-Rishi.jpg|thumb|Symbolic image of Gautama Rishi, the founder of Nyaya Shastra]]
[[File:Entrance of the Uchchaith Bhagawati Mandir Complex.jpg|thumb|A statue (at the entrance of the [[Uchhaith|Uchchaith Bhagawati Mandir]] complex near Benipatti town) depicting the Vedic tradition in Mithila.]]

==Nomenclature==
Some scholars have used the term "university" to describe the tradition of Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Mithila.{{efn-la|University:<br>* R.K. Mukherjee, ''Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist)'', chapter 24<br>* Bishwambhar Jha, ''Education in early Mithila: A reappraisal'': "The whole of Mithila converted into a great university"<br>J.L. Mehta, ''Advanced study in the history of medieval India'', has used the phrase "University of Mithila" for denoting the tradition of learning in Mithila.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mehta |first=J. L. |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Vol_Iii_Medieval_Indian_Society_And_Cult.html?id=0fmtjbaQPzMC#v=onepage&q=University%20of%20Mithila&f=false |title=Vol. Iii: Medieval Indian Society And Culture |publisher=Sterling Publishers Pvt. Ltd |isbn=978-81-207-0432-9 |language=en}}</ref><br>* ''Mahamahopadhya'' Satis Chandra Vidyabhusana, ''A History of Indian Logic'', describes the learning tradition of Mithila (12th -16th century CE) as 'The University of Mithila'.}}

== History ==
[[File:Yajnavalkya and Janaka.jpg|thumb|[[Yajnavalkya]] teaches [[Brahman|Brahma Vidya]] to King [[Janaka]] in [[Yajnavalkya Ashram|his ashram]] in Mithila]]

The [[Ramayana]] refers to the [[court of King Janaka]] in Mithila, attracting scholars and philosophers.{{sfnp|Chaudhury|1964|p=566-568}} In the text [[Brihadaranyaka Upanishad]], there is reference of the famous scholarly [[Yajna]] known as [[Bahudakshina Yajna]], in which [[Brahmin]] scholars from different parts of the [[Indian subcontinent]] participated for [[Shastrartha]] at the court of King Janaka.<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2015-02-23 |title=Yajnavalkya and Asvala [Section I] |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/the-brihadaranyaka-upanishad/d/doc118302.html |access-date=2024-11-15 |website=www.wisdomlib.org |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Yajnavalkya.jpg|thumb|Memorial Statue of [[Yajnavalkya]] at the entrance of the [[Uchhaith|Uchchaith Bhagawati Mandir]] near the [[Benipatti]] town in the [[Madhubani district]] of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]] of [[Bihar]] in [[India]].]]
[[File:Gargi Vachaknavi.jpg|thumb|Memorial Statue of Gargi Vachaknavi at the Uchchaith Bhagawati Mandir]]

In ancient times, some villages in Mithila were designated as the seat of specific branches of Vedas. The seat of learning [[Rigveda|Rigaveda]] was at [[Riga Gaon|Riga village]] and similarly that of [[Yajurveda]] was [[Jajuara]] village. The seat for learning [[Atharvaveda]] was at [[Athri|Athari]] village.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Mishra |first=Vijayakanta |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Cultural_Heritage_of_Mithila.html?id=8FBuAAAAMAAJ#Riga |title=Cultural Heritage of Mithila |date=1979 |publisher=Mithila Prakasana |pages=138 |language=en}}</ref> Similarly, [[Sankorth]] village was the seat of [[Samaveda]].<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=पाण्डेय |first=शिववंश |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE.html?id=DRMrAAAAMAAJ#%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6 |title="सारस्वत-सुषमा": अक्षर पुरुष आचार्य पण्डित आद्याचरण झा-अभिनन्दन ग्रन्थः |last2=झा |first2=शशिनाथ |last3=झा |first3=सतीशचन्द्र |date=1997 |publisher=Suśīla Kumāra Jhā |pages=181 |language=hi}}</ref> The scholars of each villages were specialised according to the designated branches of Vedas in their villages. In the later period, the Maithil Brahmins divided into two major divisions. They were [[Chhandog]] and [[Vajasaneyi Brahmin|Vajasaneyi]]. The Chhandog Brahmins also known as ''Samavedic'' Brahmins are the followers of Chhandog Samhita founded by the sage [[Gautama Maharishi|Gautama Rishi]] and similarly Vajasaneyi Brahmins also known as ''Yajurvedic'' Brahmins are the followers of Vajasaneyi Samhita founded by the sage [[Yajnavalkya]]. During the [[Gupta]] period Mithila was a center for disputes between Buddhists, Jains and Brahmins, with prominent [[Mīmāṃsā|Mimamsa]] authors writing defenses of Vedic ritual.<ref name="Gupta_2017"/> Education took place through "Tols, Pathshāla and Chatušpathi or Chaupari,"<ref name="Gupta_2017">Pritam Kumar Gupta, [https://ijassonline.in/HTML_Papers/International%20Journal%20of%20Advances%20in%20Social%20Sciences__PID__2017-5-4-9.html Ideology, Identity and Pragmatism: Formation of the Medieval Mithila], Int. J. Ad. Social Sciences. 2017; 5(4):231-236</ref> with [[Gurukula|students living at the house of their teacher]].

The Turkic conquests had little impact in Mithila, leaving it as "an isolated outpost and centre of Brahmanic and Sanskrit scholarship," where "Hindu scholars were able to protect the purity of their ideals and traditions."{{sfnp|Rorabacher|2016}}

After the independence of India, the ''Maharaja'' [[Kameshwar Singh]] of the Raj Darbhanga in Mithila, established a research institute called as [[Mithila Sanskrit Shodh Sansthan]] (Mithila Sanskrit Research Institute) in the year 1951 to preserve the cultural heritage of the tradition of Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Mithila. It was inaugurated by the first president [[Rajendra Prasad|Dr Rajendra Prasad]] of India.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2026-02-04 |title=मिथिला संस्कृत शोध संस्थान की लौटेगी पुरानी गरिमा |url=https://www.livehindustan.com/bihar/darbhanga/story-revival-of-mithila-sanskrit-research-institute-bihar-budget-announcement-brings-hope-201770145991088.html |access-date=2026-02-18 |website=www.livehindustan.com |language=hi}}</ref>

== School of Nyaya ==
{{Main|Nyaya}}
[[Nyaya]] is one of the six schools of [[Indian philosophy]], known for its studies on logic. The foundational text are the [[Nyāya Sūtras]], traditionally attributed to the Vedic sage Akshapada Gautama at his [[Gautam Ashram]] in Mithila, but possibly composed by multiple authors between 6th-century BCE and 2nd-century BCE.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Gautama Muni |url=https://archive.org/details/NyayaSutra |title=Nyaya Sutra}}</ref> A scholar specialised in the subject of Nyaya philosophy was called as [[Naiyayika]]. There was a specialised village for the seat of ''Nyaya Pradhan'' (translates to "head of Naiyayika") in Mithila. The village was known as ''Tarkik Gram'', presently it is called as ''Targaon''.<ref name=":0" />

[[Vāchaspati Misra|Vachaspati Mishra]] (9th c. CE) was a well-known Vedic scholar and teacher, who wrote ''Nyāyasucinibandha'' on Nyāya-sūtras, ''Nyāyakānika'' which is an [[Advaita Vedanta|Advaita]] work on science of reasoning, ''Tattvasamikṣa'' and ''Nyāya-vārttika-tātparyaṭīkā'' which is a sub commentary on the Nyāya-sūtras. The place where he lived and taught is known as ''[[Vachaspati Mishra Dih]]'' located at Thadi village in the [[Madhubani district]].<ref>{{Cite book |last=Fowler |first=Jeaneane D. |title=Perspectives of reality: an introduction to the philosophy of Hinduism |date=2002 |publisher=Sussex Academic Press |isbn=978-1-898723-94-3 |location=Brighton Portland, Or}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |last=Norman |first=K. R. |date=October 1988 |title=Encyclopedia of Indian Philosophies. Sāmkhya: A Dualistic Tradition in Indian Philosophy. Edited by Gerald James Larson and Ram Shankar Bhattacharya. Princeton University Press: Princeton, New Jersey, 1987. Pp. xiv, 674. £47.10. |url=https://doi.org/10.1017/s0026749x0001578x |journal=Modern Asian Studies |volume=22 |issue=4 |pages=869–870 |doi=10.1017/s0026749x0001578x |issn=0026-749X|url-access=subscription }}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Jhā |first=Sahadeva |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j-EYAAAAIAAJ |title=Vācaspati Miśra |date=1984 |publisher=Maithilī Akādamī |language=hi}}</ref>

Later in the 10th century CE, [[Udayana]]charya founded [[Nyayakusumanjali]] which reconciled the views of the two independent schools Nyaya and [[Vaisheshika]] of the Indian philosophy.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Sri Udayanacharya |url=https://archive.org/details/nyayakusumanjali_201404 |title=Nyaya Kusumanjali (with four Commentaries) |date=2014-04-21}}</ref> The location of his academy where he taught his disciples is presently known as [[Udayanacharya Dih]] in [[Samastipur district]] of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]]. Nyayakusumanjali became the root for the foundation of the new version of Logic known [[Navya-Nyāya|Navya Nyaya]].

In 13th -14th century CE, Navya Nyaya school was founded by [[Gaṅgeśa|Gangesha Upadhyaya]]. He wrote [[Tattvachintamani]] which was the authoritative text in the Navya Nyaya school of the Indian philosophy.<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2013-04-03 |title=Tattvacintamani, Tattvacintāmaṇi, Tattva-cintamani: 5 definitions |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/definition/tattvacintamani#nyaya |access-date=2024-12-08 |website=www.wisdomlib.org |language=en}}</ref> During the period of 14th century CE, the other eminent [[Naiyayika]] was [[Ayachi Mishra]]. He taught his disciples free of cost. His academy was located in the [[Sarisav Pahi]] village of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]]. The remains of the site of his academy is presently known as [[Ayachi Mishra Dih]]. He also taught his own son [[Sankara Mishra]]. His son Sankara Mishra also became a great scholar of [[Nyaya|Nyaya Shastra]].

In the 14th-15th century CE, [[Pakshadhara Mishra]] was an eminent [[Naiyayika]] and the head teacher of Nyaya Shastra in Mithila. He was a court member at the court of King [[Bhairavasimha|Bhairava Singh]] of the [[Oiniwar dynasty|Oiniwar Dynasty]] in Mithila.{{sfn|Choudhary|1988|p=101}} His academy was situated at [[Bhaur Gram|Bhaur]] near the Sarisav Pahi village. His notable pupils were [[Vasudeva Sarvabhauma]] and [[Raghunatha Siromani]]. They came from [[Nadia district|Nadia]] in [[Bengal]] to Mithila for learning Nyaya philosophy with the teacher Pakshadhara Mishra.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Kochhar |first=Rajesh |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Sanskrit_and_the_British_Empire.html?id=sto6EAAAQBAJ#v=snippet&q=pakshadhara%20mishra&f=false |title=Sanskrit and the British Empire |date=2021-09-02 |publisher=Taylor & Francis |isbn=978-1-000-43553-5 |language=en}}</ref>

Late mediaeval Eastern schools of Brahmins were focused on Nyaya Shastra and logical sciences, in contrast to the Vedanta of southern Brahmins from the Vijayanagara cultural area.{{sfn|Bronkhorst|Diaconescu|Kulkarni|2013|p=98}} According to Vidyabhusana, the science of logic developed out of ''[[Vedic Parishad|parishad]]'', councils of learned Brahmins.{{sfnp|Vidyabhusana|1920|p=22}} The Mithila school of Nyaya was an Indian school of [[Nyaya]] philosophy, which flourished from the 12th-13th to the 15th century in Mithila.{{sfnp|Sharma|Sharma|1996|p=20}}{{sfnp|Chaudhury|1964|p=567}}

During the mediaeval period, ''[[Shalaka Pariksha]]'' and ''[[Shadyantra Pariksha]]'' were the examinations conducted for graduation from the institution.{{Sfnp|Mukherjee|1951|pp=597-598}} [[Mahesha Thakura]], the founder of [[Raj Darbhanga|Darbhanga Raj]], later introduced ''[[Dhaut Pariksha]].{{Sfnp|Choudhary|1988|p=91}}'' Students were not allowed to take any piece of written information with them after finishing their studies, to keep a monopoly on the study of Logic.''{{Sfnp|Thakur|1956|pp=379-381}}''

In the late 20th century, the tradition of Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Mithila continued by the establishment of the modern formal university known as [[Kameshwar Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University]] at the campus of the royal palace called [[Anand Bagh Palace]] of the [[Raj Darbhanga|Darbhanga Raj]]. Presently it is a state university in the state of [[Bihar]].<ref>{{Cite news |date=2008-12-29 |title='Sanskrit has never been dead' |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/sanskrit-has-never-been-dead/articleshow/3905767.cms |access-date=2025-04-18 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=Kameshwar Singh Darbhanga Sanskrit University |url=https://ksdsu.edu.in/home.htm |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230331120436/https://ksdsu.edu.in/home.htm |archive-date=2023-03-31 |access-date=2025-04-18 |website=ksdsu.edu.in |language=en |url-status=live }}</ref>
[[File:Sanskrit University Building at Darbhanga donated by the Maharajadhiraj.jpg|thumb|Sanskrit University Building at Darbhanga donated by the Darbhanga Maharajadhiraj.]]

== School of Sankhya ==
{{Main|Samkhya}}
[[File:Statue of Kapila.jpg|thumb|Memorial Statue of the sage Kapila (founder of Samkhya philosophy) at the entrance gate of the Uchchaith Bhagawati Mandir Complex]]
[[Samkhya|Sāṃkhya]] is one of the six schools in the [[Indian philosophy]] attributed to the Vedic sage ''Maharshi'' [[Kapila]]. His academic and residential location is known [[Kapil Ashram|Kapila Ashram]] in Mithila. It is located at the [[Kapileshwar Temple, Bihar|Kapileshwar Sthan Mandir]] in the Madhubani district of Bihar in India.<ref>{{Cite book |last=Chaudhary P. C. Roy |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.206891 |title=Bihar District Gazetteers Darbhanga |date=1964}}</ref> According to legend it is believed that the [[Videha]] [[Janaka|King Janaka]] came to the ashram of the Vedic sage Kapila in Mithila to learn Samkhya philosophy from the sage. The tradition of Samkhya school was later carried by the sage [[Asuri (Samkhya)|Asuri]] and further it was transmitted to the sage [[Panchashikha]]. After that Panchashikha taught it to the King [[Janadeva Janaka]] and later to the King [[Dharmadhwaja Janaka]] in Mithila.<ref>{{Cite book |last=P C Ray |url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.283205 |title=The Mahabharata Of Krishna Dwaipayana Vyara 1891 |date=1891}}</ref> In the medieval period, [[Vāchaspati Misra|Vachaspati Mishra]] was an eminent philosopher of the text Samkhya Shastra.<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2021-06-15 |title=Observations and Conclusion [Chapter 5] |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/essay/contribution-of-vachaspati-mishra-to-samkhya-system/d/doc627970.html |access-date=2025-04-19 |website=www.wisdomlib.org |language=en}}</ref>
[[File:Kapila.jpg|thumb|Artistic image: The Vedic sage Maharshi Kapila]]
[[File:Janaka, king of Mithila and father of Sita (cropped).jpg|thumb|Portrait of Janaka, c. 1803-1804 CE]]

== School of Vaisheshika ==
{{Main|Vaisheshika}}
[[Vaisheshika]] is one of the six schools in the Indian philosophy attributed to the Vedic sage Maharshi [[Kaṇāda|Kannada]]. In the 15th century CE, the Indian philosopher [[Sankara Mishra]] was a famous scholar of the Vaisheshika Shastra. He wrote a commentary text on the [[Vaiśeṣika Sūtra|Vaisheshika Sutras]] of the Maharshi Kannada. The commentary text is known as [[Upaskara]]. It is an authentic preserved text on the original Vaisheshika Sutras. He learnt the philosophy of Vaisheshika from his own father [[Ayachi Mishra]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=www.wisdomlib.org |date=2024-08-20 |title=3. Authors of Vaisheshika (g): Sankara Misra (1462 A.D.) |url=https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/essay/nyaya-vaisheshika-critical-and-historical-study/d/doc1455895.html |access-date=2025-04-19 |website=www.wisdomlib.org |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Dasgupta |first=Surendranath |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/A_History_of_Indian_Philosophy_Volume_1.html?id=b_3Xz7q4vW8C#v=onepage&q=Upaskara&f=false |title=A History of Indian Philosophy: Volume 1 |last2=Dasgupta |date=1922 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-04778-4 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |last=Goel |first=Aruna |url=https://books.google.com/books/about/Indian_Philosophy.html?id=4WvuAAAAIAAJ#Upaskara |title=Indian Philosophy: Nyāya-Vaiśeṣika and Modern Science |date=1984 |publisher=Sterling |isbn=978-0-86590-279-4 |language=en}}</ref>

== School of Panji ==
[[File:Saurath Sabha-25.jpg|thumb|Genealogical Records in Mithila]]
Since 14 century CE, Mithila has a systematic record of the genealogical datas of the Maithil Brahmins and Maithil Kayastha in the region. It is known as [[Panjis|Panji]]. The registrar of the Panji system is known as ''Panjikar''. The eligibility criteria for becoming Panjikar was passing the [[Dhauta Pariksha|Dhaut Pariksha]] in Mithila. There was a 10 years course for Panjikar, taught at the court of the kingdom in Mithila. In the region of the kingdom, the institute of Panji was established in the 14 villages by the Karnat king [[Harisimhadeva|Harsimhadeva]] in Mithila. At these locations a large campus of mango groves known as ''Sabha Gachhi'' were also built, where a large number of Maithil Brahmins gathered for selecting their future sons in law for their daughters. These institutions at these 14 villages were maintaining and keeping records of the genealogy of the [[Maithil Vivah]] in the region. Among the 14 Sabha Gachhis, the [[Saurath Sabha]] was most popular and still alive ceremonially.<ref>{{Cite news |date=2025-05-28 |title=Saurath Sabha inaugurated amid dwindling relevance |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/patna/saurath-sabha-inaugurated-amid-dwindling-relevance/articleshow/121470174.cms |access-date=2025-12-22 |work=The Times of India |issn=0971-8257}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |title=संरक्षण के अभाव में सड़ रहे सात पुश्तों वाले अभिलेख, पंजीकारों की संख्या लगातार हो रही कम - The records of seven hundred years old are getting worse In absence of protection |url=https://www.jagran.com/bihar/muzaffarpur-the-records-of-seven-hundred-years-old-are-getting-worse-in-absence-of-protection-18909317.html |access-date=2025-12-22 |website=Jagran |language=hi}}</ref>

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==Sources==
{{refbegin}}
* {{Cite book |last=Bronkhorst |first=Johannes |date=2007 |title=Greater Magadha: Studies in the Culture of Early India |publisher=BRILL |isbn=9789004157194}}
* {{Citation |last1=Bronkhorst |first1=Johannes |last2=Diaconescu |first2=Bogdan |last3=Kulkarni |first3=Malhar |year=2013 |chapter=The Arrival of Navya-Nyaya Techniques in Varanasi |editor-last1=Pandikattu |editor-first1=Kuruvilla |editor-last2=Pichalakkattu |editor-first2=Binoy |title=An Indian Ending. Rediscovering the Grandeur of Indian Heritage for a Sustainable Future. Essays in Honour of Professor Dr. John Vattanky SJ On Completing Eighty Years |publisher=Serial Publishers |location=Delhi}}

* {{Citation |last=Chaudhury |first=P.C. Roy |year=1964 |title=Bihar District Gazetteers: Darbhanga |publisher=Superintendent Secretariat Press |url=http://www.indianculture.gov.in/bihar-district-gazetteers-darbhanga}}

* {{Citation |last=Dalal |first=Roshen |year=2014 |title=Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide |publisher=Penguin Books}}

* {{Citation |last=Glucklich |first=Ariel |year=2008 |title=The Strides of Vishnu: Hindu Culture in Historical Perspective |publisher=Oxford University Press}}

* {{Citation |last=Jha |first=Bishwambhar |year=2010 |title=Education in Early Mithila: A Reappraisal |journal=Proceedings of the Indian History Congress |volume=71 |pages=160–164}}

* {{cite book |last=Olivelle |first=Patrick |year=1998 |title=The Early Upanisads |publisher=Oxford University Press |isbn=978-0195124354}}

* {{Citation |last=Rorabacher |first=J. Albert |year=2016 |title=Bihar and Mithila. The Historical Roots of Backwardness |publisher=Taylor & Francis}}

* {{Citation |last=Samuel |first=Geoffrey |year=2010 |title=The Origins of Yoga and Tantra. Indic Religions to the Thirteenth Century |publisher=Cambridge University Press}}
* {{Cite book |last=Scharfe |first=Hartmut |url=https://library.mibckerala.org/lms_frame/eBook/Scharfe%20-%20Education%20in%20Ancient%20India%20(Brill).pdf |title=Education in Ancient India |publisher=Brill |year=2002 |isbn=90-04-12556-6 |volume=16th |location=Netherlands |pages=189–191 |language=English |chapter=Chapter 10}}
* {{Citation |last1=Sharma |first1=Ram Nath |last2=Sharma |first2=Rajendra Kumar |year=1996 |title=History of Education in India}}
* {{Cite journal |last=Singh |year=2021 |title=A HISTORICAL STUDY OF LIBRARIES OF MEDIEVAL INDIA |journal=International Journal of Scientific & Innovative Research Studies |volume=9 |via=CSIRS |url=https://www.csirs.org.in/uploads/paper_pdf/a-historical-study-of-libraries-of-medieval-india.pdf}}

* {{Cite book |last=Vidyabhusana |first=Mahamahopadhyaya Satis Chandra |date=1920 |title=A History of Indian Logic (Ancient, Mediaeval and Modern Schools) |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |others=Library Genesis |language=English |url=http://archive.org/details/historyindianlog00vidy}}
* {{Cite book |last=Vidyabhusana |first=Satis Chandra |date=1988 |title=A History of Indian Logic: Ancient, Mediaeval and Modern Schools |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass Publishers |isbn=978-81-208-0565-1 |language=en |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0lG85RD9YZoC&q=university+of+ancient+mithila}}
* {{Cite book |last=Mukherjee |first=Radha Kumud |chapter-url=https://archive.org/details/dli.csl.7590/page/n683/mode/2up |title=Ancient Indian Education (Brahmanical and Buddhist) |publisher=Motilal Banarsidass |year=1951 |edition=2nd |pages=597–598 |chapter=XXIV. Universities |orig-date=1947}}
* {{Cite book |last=Choudhary |first=Indra Kumar |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jCQaAAAAIAAJ |title=Some Aspects of Social Life of Medieval Mithila, 1350-1750 A.D.: With a Special Reference to Contemporary Literatures |publisher=Kashi Prasad Jayaswal Research Institute |year=1988 |pages=91 |quote="In Mithila we get references to altogether three types of examinations during the period under review : (i) Shalaka Pariksha, (ii) Dhout Pariksha, and (iii) Shadyantra Pariksha."}}
* {{Cite book |last=Thakur |first=Upendra |url=https://archive.org/details/dli.ernet.505783/page/379/mode/2up |title=History of Mithila (Circa 3000 B.C.-1556 A.D.) |publisher=Mithila Institute |year=1956 |location=Darbhanga |pages=379–381}}
* {{Cite magazine |date=September 1907 |title=The University of Nadia. |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rq45AQAAIAAJ&dq=Mithila&pg=PA70 |magazine=The Dawn and Dawn Society's Magazine |page=70}}{{refend}}

[[Category:Ancient universities of the Indian subcontinent]]
[[Category:Philosophers of Mithila]]
[[Category:Ancient Indian literature]]
[[Category:Ancient Indian culture]]
[[Category:Hindu educational institutions]]

Sanskrit and Vedic learning in Mithila - Revision history

Brandon81T: made a stub