imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao: Moving from Category:Melakarta Ragas to Category:Melakarta ragas using Cat-a-lot

2021-08-28T09:17:26Z

Moving from Category:Melakarta Ragas to Category:Melakarta ragas using Cat-a-lot

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{{Infobox ragam
| name = Shankaraabharanam
| synonym = Dheera Shankaraabharanam
| image_name =
| image_alt =
| mela = 29th, Dheera Shankaraabharanam
| chakra = {{IAST|Bāṇa}}
| type =
| arohanam = {{svaraC|S|R2|G3|M1|P|D2|N3|S'}}
| avarohanam = {{svaraC|S'|N3|D2|P|M1|G3|R2|S}}
| jeeva =
| chhaya =
| nyasa =
| vishesha =
| equivalent = {{ubl|[[Bilaaval (thaat)|Bilaval thaat]]|[[Ionian mode]]}}
| similar =
}}
{{Carnatic}}
'''Dhīraśankarābharaṇaṃ''', commonly known as ''Śankarābharaṇaṃ'', is a [[rāga]] in [[Carnatic music]]. It is the 29th ''[[Melakarta]]'' rāga in the 72 ''Melakarta'' rāga system of Carnatic music. Since this raga has many Gamakās (ornamentations), it is glorified as ''"Sarva Gamaka Maaṇika Rakti Rāgaṃ"'' in [[Telugu language|Telugu]].

By scale wise, the Śankarābharaṇaṃ scale corresponds to ''[[Bilaval]]'' in the [[Hindustani music]] system. The Western equivalent is the major [[Scale (music)|scale]], or the ''[[Ionian mode]]''.<ref name="ragas">''Ragas in Carnatic music'' by Dr. S. Bhagyalekshmy, Pub. 1990, CBH Publications</ref><ref name="raganidhi">''Raganidhi'' by P. Subba Rao, Pub. 1964, The Music Academy of Madras</ref> Hence this rāga is one of the most popular scales across the world, known with different names in different musical styles.

Its nature is mellifluous and smooth. This rāga offers a large scope for compositions. It is ideal for a melodious, but still laid back majestic presentation.

==Structure and Lakshana==
[[File:Shankarabharanam scale.svg|thumb|right|316px|''Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ'' scale with ''shadjam'' at C]]

It is the 5th rāga in the 5th ''Chakra Bāṇa''. The mnemonic name is ''Bāṇa-Ma''. The mnemonic phrase is ''sa ri ga ma pa da ni sa<ref name="ragas" /> Its {{IAST|ārohaṇa-avarohaṇa}} structure is as follows (see [[Swara#Swaras in Carnatic music|''swaras'' in Carnatic music]] for details on below notation and terms):
* [[Arohana|{{IAST|ārōhaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S|R2|G3|M1|P|D2|N3|S'|foot=yes}}
* [[Avarohana|{{IAST|avarōhaṇa}}]]: {{svaraC|S'|N3|D2|P|M1|G3|R2|S|foot=yes}}

The notes in this scale are ''shadjam, chatushruti rishabham, antara gandharam, shuddha madhyamam, paṅchamam, chatushruti dhaivatam'' and ''Kakali Nishadam''. As it is a ''Melakarta'' rāga, by definition it is a [[sampurna raga|''Sampurṇa'' rāga]] (has all seven notes in ascending and descending scale). It is the ''Shuddha Madhyamam'' equivalent of 65th ''Melakarta'' rāga ''[[Mechakalyani|Kaḷyāṇi]]''.

== ''Janya'' Rāgas ==

Due to the even spacing of ''svarās'', many ''janya'' rāgas can be derived from ''Śaņkarābharaṇaṃ''. It is one of the ''melakarta'' rāgas that has high number of ''Janya'' rāgas (derived scales) associated with it.

Many of the ''Janya'' rāgas are very popular on their own, lending themselves to elaboration, interpretation and evoking different moods. Some of them are ''[[Arabhi]]'', ''[[Atana]]'', ''[[Bilahari]]'', ''[[Devagandhari#In Carnatic music|Devagaandhaari]]'', ''[[Jana Ranjani]]'', ''[[Hamsadhvani]]'', ''Kadanakutuhalam'', ''[[Niroshta]]'', ''[[Shuddha Saveri|Shuddha Sāveri]]'', ''Pahādi'', Purnachandrika, Janaranjani, [[Kedaram]], Kurinji, Navroj, Sarasvati-manohari, Naagadhvani etc.

See [[List of Janya Ragas#Dheerashankarabharanam|List of ''Janya'' rāgas]] for full list of rāgas associated with ''Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ''.

==Compositions==

''Śankarābharaṇaṃ'' has been decorated with compositions by almost all composers. A few of the compositions are listed here.

*''Chalamela'',a popular Adathaalavarnam by [[Swathi Thirunal Rama Varma|Maharaja Swathi Thirunal]] in [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
*''Nrityati Nrityati '' By [[Swati Thirunal]]
*''Eduṭa Nilacitē'', ''Bhakti Bhikṣamīyave'', ''Maryāda Kādurā'', ''Svararāgasudhārasa'', ''Sundarēśvaruṇi'', ''Manasu Svādhīnamaina'' and ''Eṃduku Peddalavalē'' by [[Tyaagaraaja]] in [[Telugu language|Telugu]].
*''Dakṣhiṇāmūrtē'', ''Sadāśivam Upāsmahē'', ''Akṣhayaliṃgavibho'' and ''Śrī kamalāmbā'' by [[Muthuswami Dikshitar]] in [[Sanskrit]]
*''Pogadirēlo Ranga'', ''Kande naa kanasinali'', ''Enagu aane'' by [[Purandara Dasa]] in [[Kannada language|Kannada]]
*''Yenu Olle Hariye'' By [[Kanaka Dasa]]
*''Sarōjadala Nētri'' and ''Dēvī Mīnānētri'' by [[Syama Sastri]] in [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
*''Devi Jagath Janani'',''Bhaktha Paraayana'' by [[Swathi Thirunal]] Maharaja in [[Sanskrit language|Sanskrit]]
* ''Alarulu Kuriyaga Āḍinadē'' by [[Annamacharya]] in [[Telugu language|Telugu]]
*''Samakarardha Sariirini'' by Saint Gnanananda Teertha (Ogirala Veeraraghava Sarma) in [[Telugu language|Telugu]]

Muthuswami Dikshitar also has a list of 22 "Nottu Svara" compositions, based on Western Major Scale notes to his credit.

== Related rāgas ==

This section covers the theoretical and scientific aspect of this rāga.

''Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ's'' notes when shifted using ''[[Graha bhedam]]'', yields 5 other major Melakarta rāgas, namely, ''[[Mechakalyani|Kaḷyāṇi]]'', ''[[Hanumatodi]]'', ''[[Natabhairavi]]'', ''[[Kharaharapriya]]'' and ''[[Harikambhoji]]''. ''Graha bhedam'' is the step taken in keeping the relative note frequencies same, while shifting the ''shadjam'' to the next note in the rāga. Refer table below for illustration of this concept.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Rāga !!Mela #!! C!! !! D!! !! E!! F!! !! G!! !! A!! !! B!! C!! !! D!! !! E!! F!! !! G!! !! A!! !! B!! C
|-
| Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ|| 29 || S|| ||R2|| ||G3||M1|| || P|| ||D2|| ||N3||S'|| ||R2'|| ||G3'||M1'|| || P'|| ||D2'|| ||N3'|| S' '
|-
| Kharaharapriya || 22 || || || S|| ||R2||G2|| ||M1|| || P|| ||D2||N2|| || S'|| || || || || || || || || ||
|-
| Hanumatodi || 08 || || || || || S||R1|| ||G2|| ||M1|| || P||D1|| ||N2 || ||S'|| || || || || || || ||
|-
| Kaḷyāṇi || 65 || || || || || || S|| ||R2|| ||G3|| ||M2|| P|| ||D2 || ||N3||S'|| || || || || || ||
|-
| Harikambhoji || 28 || || || || || || || || S|| ||R2|| ||G3||M1|| || P || ||D2||N2|| ||S'|| || || || ||
|-
| Natabhairavi || 20 || || || || || || || || || || S|| ||R2||G2|| ||M1|| || P||D1|| ||N2|| ||S'|| || ||
|-
| Not a Melakarta|| -- || || || || || || || || || || || || S||R1|| ||G2|| ||M1||M2|| ||D1|| ||N2|| ||S'||
|-
| Shankarābharanam || 29 || || || || || || || || || || || || || S|| ||R2|| ||G3||M1|| || P|| ||D2|| ||N3|| S'
|}

'''Notes''' on above table

C as the base for ''Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ'' is chosen for above illustration only for convenience, as Carnatic music does not enforce ''strict'' frequency/note structure. The ''shadjam'' (S) is fixed by the artist as per the vocal range or the instrument's base frequency. All the other ''svarams'' are relative to this ''shadjam'', falling into a geometric progression-like frequency pattern.

The 7th ''Graha bhedam'' of ''Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ'' has both ''madhyamams'' (Ma) and no ''panchamam'' (Pa) and hence will not be considered a valid ''melakarta'' (rāga having all 7 swarams and only 1 of each). This is only a classification issue with respect to ''melakarta'' scales, while this structure could be theoretically used well to create good music (probably needs an expert).

=== Interesting features ===

The swaras are regularly spaced in these ragas. Hence these six ragas give very good melody, scope for elaboration, experimentation and exploration of phrases. In practice, ''Natabhairavi'' is not elaborated extensively much. ''Harikambhoji'' is taken up for elaboration, but not as much as the rest of the 4 ragas, namely, ''Śaṃkarābharaṇaṃ'', ''Todi'', ''Kaḷyāṇi'' and ''Kharaharapriya''. One of these 4 rāgas is sung as the main rāga in a concert quite often.

As can be seen in the illustration, these rāgas can be played using just the white keys of a piano/ organ/ keyboard (rāga in simplified fashion).

== Film Songs: [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ==
{| class="wikitable"
!style="background:#FF8C00" |Song
!style="background:#FF8C00" |Movie
!style="background:#FF8C00" |Composer
!style="background:#FF8C00" |Singer
|-
|Chandrodhayam Idhile
|[[Kannagi (film)|Kannagi]]
|[[S. V. Venkatraman]]
|[[P. U. Chinnappa]]
|-
|Madi Meethu
|[[Annai Illam]]
|rowspan=2|[[K V Mahadevan]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Manam Padaithen
|[[Kandhan Karunai]]
| rowspan="6" |[[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Aththaan En Aththaan
|[[Paava Mannippu]]
| rowspan="21" |[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|-
|Kaadhellenum Vadivam Kanden
| rowspan="2" |[[Bhagyalakshmi (film)|Bhagyalakshmi]]
|-
|Kaana Vandha Kaatchiyenna
|-
|Enna Enna Vaarththaigalo
|[[Vennira Aadai]]
|-
|Ore Raagam Ore Thaalam
|[[Manapanthal]]
|-
|Kaatru Vandhal
|rowspan=2|[[Kathiruntha Kangal]]
|[[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Kanpadume Pirar Kanpadume
| rowspan="3" |[[P. B. Sreenivas]]
|-
|Paadadha Paatellam
|[[Veerathirumagan]]
|-
|Maadi Mele Maadikati
| rowspan="3" |[[Kadhalikka Neramillai]]
|-
|Enna Paarvai
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Kaadhalika Neramillai
|[[Sirkazhi Govindarajan]]
|-
|Roja Malare Raajakumari
|[[Veerathirumagan]]
| rowspan="2" |[[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Poga Poga Theriyum
|[[Server Sundaram]]
|-
|Andru Vandhadhum
|[[Periya Idathu Penn]]
| rowspan="2" |[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Naan Maanthoppil
|[[Enga Veettu Pillai]]
|-
|Aandavan Padachan
|[[Nichaya Thaamboolam]]
| rowspan="4" |[[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
|Adho Andha Paravai Pola
|[[Aayirathil Oruvan (1965 film)|Aayirathil Oruvan]]
|-
|Naan Kavignanum Ilai
|[[Padithal Mattum Podhuma]]
|-
|Moondrezhuthil En Moochu
|[[Dheiva Thaai]]
|-
|Kadhal Embadhu
|[[Paadha Kaanikkai]]
|[[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[P. Susheela]], [[L. R. Eswari]], [[J. P. Chandrababu]]
|-
|Epo Vechikalam
|[[Bandha Pasam]]
|[[J. P. Chandrababu]]
|-
|Enna Paravai Sirakadithu
|[[Karthigai Deepam (film)|Karthigai Deepam]]
|[[R. Sudarsanam]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]](ver 1), [[P. Susheela]](ver 2)
|-
|Pudhu Naadagathil
|[[Ooty Varai Uravu]]
| rowspan="10" |[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
| rowspan="2" |[[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
|Kettavarellam Paadalam
|[[Thangai]]
|-
|Anubhavi Raja Anubhavi
| rowspan="2" |[[Anubavi Raja Anubavi]]
|[[P. Susheela]], [[L. R. Eswari]]
|-
|Maanendru Pennukoru
| rowspan="3" |[[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Naan Paadum Paatile
|Bhavani
|-
|Love Birds
|[[Anbe Vaa]]
|-
|Maharaja Oru Maharaani
|[[Iru Malargal]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[Shoba Chandrasekhar]]
|-
|Enni Irundhadhu
(Ragam Neelambari Touches)
|[[Andha 7 Naatkal]]
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Vidiya Vidiya Solli
|[[Pokkiri Raja (1982 film)|Pokkiri Raja]]
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Dil Dil Dil Manadhil
|[[Mella Thirandhathu Kadhavu]]
|-
|Aadungal Paadungal
|[[Guru (1980 film)|Guru]]
| rowspan="22" |[[Ilaiyaraaja]]
| rowspan="4" |[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Pudhucheri Katcheri
|[[Singaravelan]]
|-
|Thene Thenpaandi
|[[Udaya Geetham]]
|-
|Nilaave Vaa
|[[Mouna Ragam]]
|-
|Yerikkarai Poongaatre Nee Pora Vazhi
|[[Thooral Ninnu Pochchu]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Thaalattudhe Vaanam
|[[Kadal Meengal]]
|[[P. Jayachandran]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Pudhu Maapilaiku
|[[Apoorva Sagodharargal (1989 film)|Apoorva Sagodharargal]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. P. Sailaja]]
|-
|Aalapol Vellapol
|[[Ejamaan]]
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Paarthathenna Paarvai
|[[Naangal]]
|-
|Indha Minminiku
|[[Sigappu Rojakkal]]
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Malaiyaala Karaiyoram
|[[Rajadhi Raja (1989 film)|Rajadhi Raja]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]]
|-
|Germaniyin Senthen Malare
|[[Ullasa Paravaigal]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Anjali Anjali Anjali
|[[Anjali (1990 film)|Anjali]]
|Sathya, [[Karthik Raja]], [[Yuvan Shankar Raja]],
[[Bhavatharini]], [[Venkat Prabhu]], [[Premji Amaran]],
Parthi Bhaskar,Hari Bhaskar,Vaishnavi
|-
|Thulli Ezhunthathu
|[[Geethanjali (1985 film)|Geethanjali]]
|[[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|-
|Kanmani Anbodu Kadhalan
|[[Gunaa]]
|[[Kamal Haasan]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Kuzhaloodhum Kannanuku
|[[Mella Thirandhathu Kadhavu]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Dillu Baru Jaane
|[[Kalaignan]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Nila Kaayum Neeram
|rowspan=2|[[Chembaruthi]]
|rowspan=2|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Paattu Poove
|-
|April Mayilae
|[[Idhayam (film)|Idhayam]]
|[[Ilaiyaraaja]], [[Deepan Chakravarthy]], [[S.N.Surendar]]
|-
|Naan Erikarai
|[[Chinna Thayee]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[Swarnalatha]], [[Ilaiyaraaja]](Pathos)
|-
|Maalai En Vethanai
|[[Sethu (film)|Sethu]]
|[[Unni Krishnan]],Arunmozhi, [[S.N.Surendar]]
|-
|Thendrale
|rowspan=2|[[Kadhal Desam]]
|rowspan="7"|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Unni Krishnan]]
|-
|O Vennila
|[[Unni Krishnan]]
|-
|Kandukondain Kandukondain(Ragam Nalinakanthi Touches also)
|[[Kandukondain Kandukondain]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
|Ini Achcham Achcham Illai
|rowspan=2|[[Indira (film)|Indira]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]], [[Anuradha Sriram]], [[G. V. Prakash]], [[Shweta Mohan]], Esther
|-
|Thoda Thoda Malarndhadhenna
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Kangalil Enne
|rowspan=2|[[Uzhavan]]
|-
|Pennalla Pennalla
|rowspan=5|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Moongilile Paatisaikum Kaatralaiyai
|Raagam Thedum Pallavi
|[[T. Rajendar]]
|-
|Mazhaiyum Neeye
|[[Azhagan]]
|rowspan=2|[[Maragadha Mani]]
|-
|Sa Sa Sa Sani thapa niveathaa
|[[Nee Pathi Naan Pathi]]
|-
|Naadodi Paattu Paada
|[[Harichandra (1998 film)|Harichandra]]
|Agosh
|-
|Enna Kathai Solla
|[[Annanagar Mudhal Theru]]
|[[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Vanampadi Padum Neram
|Ellame En Thangachi
|rowspan=2|[[Shankar–Ganesh]]
|-
|Oh Nenje
|[[Darling, Darling, Darling]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. P. Charan]],Pallavi, Vasanth
|-
|Shenbaga Poovai
|[[Paasamalargal]]
|V. S. Narasimhan
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Nalam Nalamariya Aval
|[[Kadhal Kottai]]
|rowspan="3"|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Anuradha Sriram]]
|-
|Pulveli Pulveli
|[[Aasai]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]], [[Unni Krishnan]](Humming only)
|-
|Yeno Yeno
|[[Appu (2000 film)|Appu]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sujatha Mohan|Sujatha]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
|-
|Sollathae
|[[Sollamale]]
|Bobby
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Aval Ulaghazhagi
|[[Lesa Lesa]]
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]]
|-
|Rakita Rakita Rakita
|[[Jagame Thanthiram]]
|[[Santhosh Narayanan]]
|[[Dhanush]], [[Santhosh Narayanan]]
|}

== Janya 1:Ragam Pahadi/Pahari ==
It is an evening raga that combines both playful and pensive aspects. It is characterized by a very charming, folksy
flavor.Peace, power, pathos. Pahadi is a Kashimiri folk melody in its origin, is a simple raga one may think of it as a dhoon.

'''Ascending: S R2 G3 P D2 P D2 S’ '''

'''Descending:N3 D2 P G3 M1 G3 R2 S N3 D2 P D2 S'''

=== Film Songs: [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Kodi Kodi Inbam
|[[Aadavantha Deivam]]
|rowspan="4"|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[T. R. Mahalingam (actor)|T. R. Mahalingam]], [[P. Susheela]], [[P. Leela]]
|-
|Unnai Arinthaal
|[[Vettaikkaran (1964 film)|Vettaikkaran]]
|rowspan=2|[[T. M. Soundararajan]]
|-
|Katti Thangam Vetti
|[[Thayai Katha Thanayan]]
|-
|Neela Chelai Katti Konda
|[[Thiruvilaiyadal]]
|rowspan=6|[[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Aththai Magane
|[[Paadha Kaanikkai]]
|rowspan="8"|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|-
|Kannuku Kulam Yedu
|[[Karnan (1964 film)|Karnan]]
|-
|Thannilavu Theniraikka
|[[Padithal Mattum Podhuma]]
|-
|Pakkathu Veettu Paruva Machaan
|[[Karpagam]]
|-
|Vaa Endrathu
|[[Kathiruntha Kangal]]
|-
|Yaar Yaar Aval
|[[Pasamalar]]
|[[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Thulli Thirintha
|[[Kathiruntha Kangal]]
|[[P. B. Sreenivas]]
|-
|Naadu Athai Naadu
|[[Nadodi]]
|rowspan=3|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Manam Ennum Medai Mele
|[[Vallavanukku Vallavan]]
|rowspan=3|[[Vedha (music director)|Vedha]]
|-
|Innum Parthukondirunthal
|[[Vallavan Oruvan]]
|-
|Ponmeni Thazhuvamal(Reused tune)
|[[Yaar Nee?]]
|rowspan=2|[[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Pachai Maram Ontru
|[[Ramu (1966 film)|Ramu]]
|rowspan=4|[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|-
|Ippadiyor Thalattu
|[[Avargal]]
|[[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Vizhiye Kathai Ezhudhu
|[[Urimaikural]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Bharathi Kannamma
|[[Ninaithale Inikkum (1979 film)|Ninaithale Inikkum]]
|rowspan=4|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Ore Jeevan
|[[Neeya?]]
|rowspan=2|[[Shankar–Ganesh]]
|-
|Pullankuzhal Mozhi Tamil
|[[Oorum Uravum]]
|-
|Ore Naal Unnai Naan
|[[Ilamai Oonjal Aadukirathu]]
|rowspan="37"|[[Ilaiyaraaja]]
|-
|Vaan Megangale
|[[Puthiya Vaarpugal]]
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Pani Vizhum Poo Nilave
|Thaipongal
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[S. P. Sailaja]]
|-
|Alli Thantha Bhoomi
|[[Nandu (film)|Nandu]]
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]]
|-
|Vizhiyil En Vizhiyil
|[[Ram Lakshman]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Oru Iniya Manathu
|[[Johnny (1980 film)|Johnny]]
|[[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Azhagae Azhagu
|[[Raja Paarvai]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Magizham Poove Unnai Parthu
|Puthiya Adimaigal
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Ramanin Mohanam
|[[Netrikkan]]
|rowspan=3|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Engey Enn Jeevane
|[[Uyarndha Ullam]]
|-
|Chinna Chinna Sol Eduthu
|[[Rajakumaran (film)|Rajakumaran]]
|-
|Seer Kondu Vaa
|[[Naan Paadum Paadal]]
|rowspan=8|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Mounamana Neram
|[[Sagara Sangamam|Salangai Oli]]
|-
|Salaiyoram
|[[Payanangal Mudivathillai]]
|-
|Nilavondru Kanden
|[[Kairasikkaran]]
|-
|Vaa Vennila
|[[Mella Thirandhathu Kadhavu]]
|-
|Vaigai Nathioram
|[[Rickshaw Mama]]
|-
|Koondukulla Unna Vachu
|[[Chinna Gounder]]
|-
|Nadu Samathile
|rowspan=2|[[Thirumathi Palanisamy]]
|-
|Kuthalakuyile Kuthalakuyile
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[Minmini]]
|-
|Ennodu Paattu Paadungal
|[[Udaya Geetham]]
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Poguthae Poguthae
|[[Kadalora Kavithaigal]]
|-
|Yedhedho Ennam Valarthen
|[[Punnagai Mannan]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Ninaitthathu Yaro
|[[Paattukku Oru Thalaivan]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Jikki]]
|-
|Indha Maan Unthan Sontha Maan
|[[Karakattakkaran]]
|[[Ilaiyaraaja]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Vechalum Vekkama Ponnalum
|[[Michael Madana Kama Rajan]]
|[[Malaysia Vasudevan]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Dhoori Dhoori Manathil Oru Dhoori
|[[Innisai Mazhai]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Shoba Chandrasekhar]]
|-
|Oru Kolakili Sonnathey
|[[Pon Vilangu]]
|[[P. Jayachandran]],Sunandha
|-
|Kezhukkaale Sevathu
|[[Nattupura Pattu]]
|Arun Mozhi, Devie Neithiyar
|-
|Poovarasan Poove
|[[Kadavul]]
|Arunmozhi, [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Poo Poothadu
|[[Mumbai Xpress]]
|[[Sonu Nigam]], [[Shreya Ghoshal]], [[Shaan (singer)|Shaan]]
|-
|Pungatru Un Peru Solla
|rowspan=2|[[Vettri Vizhaa]]
|rowspan=3|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Marugo Marugo
|-
|Adi Vaanmathi
|[[Siva (1989 Tamil film)|Siva]]
|-
|Ennatthil Yedho
|[[Kallukkul Eeram]]
|rowspan=4|[[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Raasave Unna Nambi
|[[Muthal Mariyathai]]
|-
|Thanner Kudam
|[[Sakkarai Devan]]
|-
|Alli Alli Veesuthama
|[[Atha Maga Rathiname]]
|[[Gangai Amaran]]
|-
|Yedho Nadakkirathu
|[[Manithan (1987 film)|Manithan]]
|rowspan=4|[[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Neela Kuyilgal Rendu
|[[Viduthalai (1986 film)|Viduthalai]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Chandrabose and chorus
|-
|Medhuva Meduva
|[[Annanagar Mudhal Theru]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Manasula Enna Nenache
|[[Periya Idathu Pillai]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Mela Mela Nadanthu
|[[Urimai Geetham]]
|rowspan=4|[[Manoj - Gyan]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]],Vidhya
|-
|Thulli Thulli Pogum Penne
|[[Velicham]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Kangala Minnala
|rowspan=2|[[Endrendrum Kadhal]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|O Thendrale
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Maiyil Thogai
|[[Ragasiya Police]]
|[[Laxmikant–Pyarelal]]
|-
|Innum Konjam
|[[Maryan (film)|Maryan]]
|rowspan="6"|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|[[Vijay Prakash]], [[Swetha Mohan]]
|-
|Chitthirai Nilavu
|[[Vandicholai Chinraasu]]
|[[P. Jayachandran]], [[Minmini]]
|-
|Hosanna
|[[Vinnaithaandi Varuvaayaa]]
|[[Vijay Prakash]], [[Suzanne D'Mello|Suzanne]], [[Blaaze]]
|-
|Moongil Thottam
|[[Kadal (2013 film)|Kadal]]
|[[Abhay Jodhpurkar]], [[Harini (singer)|Harini]]
|-
|Enakke Enakka
|[[Jeans (film)|Jeans]]
|[[P. Unnikrishnan]], Pallavi
|-
|Unakaga
(Ragam Bihag touches also)
|[[Bigil]]
|Sreekanth Hariharan, Madhura Dhara Talluri
|-
|Adhikaalai Naan Paadum Boopalamea
|[[Pudhu Padagan]]
|[[Kalaipuli S. Thanu|S.Thanu]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chithra]]
|-
|Kathivaithu Kangal Irandum
|[[Mannavaru Chinnavaru]]
|Geethapriyan
|[[Sukhwinder Singh]],Ranjani
|-
|Un Per Solla
|[[Minsara Kanna]]
|rowspan=4|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Kottungadi Kummi
|[[Surieyan]]
|[[S. Janaki]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Oh Laali
|[[Adimai Changili]]
|Gopal Sharma, [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Oru Pen Pura
|[[Annaamalai]]
|rowspan=2|[[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Aasai Aasaiyai
|[[Aanandham]]
|rowspan=4|[[S. A. Rajkumar]]
|-
|Poonthendrale Nee Padivaa
|[[Manasukkul Mathappu]]
|[[P. Jayachandran]],Sunandha(ver 1)
[[K. S. Chithra]](ver 2)
|-
|Oru Pouranami
|[[Raja (2002 film)|Raja]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Mahalakshmi Iyer]]
|-
|Maankutty Maankutty
|[[Priyamaana Thozhi]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Nadodi Mannargale
|[[Vaaname Ellai]]
|rowspan=2|[[Maragadha Mani]]
|[[K. S. Chithra]] & Chorus
|-
|Pachchai Thee Neeyada
|[[Baahubali: The Beginning]]
|[[Karthik (singer)|Karthik]], Damini Bhatla
|-
|Enge Andha Vennila
|[[Varushamellam Vasantham]]
|rowspan=4|[[Sirpy]]
|rowspan=2|[[Unni Menon]]
|-
|Putham Puthu Oorukku
|[[Chinna Madam]]
|-
|Kannil Aadum Roja
|[[Captain (1994 film)|Captain]]
|[[Swarnalatha]], [[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Puthu Roja Puthiruchu
|[[Gokulam]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[Swarnalatha]]
|-
|Azhagooril Poothvale
|[[Thirumalai]]
|rowspan=2|[[Vidyasagar (composer)|Vidyasagar]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Hitler Penne
|[[Poi (film)|Poi]]
|[[Tippu (singer)|Tippu]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Eera Nila
|[[Aravindhan]]
|[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]],'Mahanadhi' Shobana
|-
|Thendrale Pesum Thendrale
|Chandralekha(1994)
|M.S.Geethan
|[[K. S. Chithra]], [[Mano (singer)|Mano]]
|-
|Poove Vai Pesum Pothu
|[[12B]]
|[[Harris Jayaraj]]
|[[Mahalakshmi Iyer]], [[Harish Raghavendra]]
|-
|Pineaple Kannathodu
|[[Samudhiram]]
|rowspan=2|[[Sabesh–Murali]]
|[[Shankar Mahadevan]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Azhagu Katteri
|[[Goripalayam]]
|Surjith, Vijitha
|-
|May Madham
|[[Shahjahan (film)|Shahjahan]]
|[[Mani Sharma]]
|[[Devan Ekambaram|Devan]], [[Sujatha Mohan]]
|-
|Aiythaaney Aiythaaney
|[[Mudhal Idam]]
|[[D. Imman]]
|[[D. Imman]], [[Chinmayi]]
|}

== Janya 2:Ragam Maand ==
Mand or Maand is the famous style of singing in Rajasthan. It is well recognized in classical circles and this style is very important in folk-songs of Rajasthan. This is neither accepted as a full-fledged Raga nor is it reckoned among the freely rendered folk songs. It is very near the Thumri or the Ghazal. It is the exclusive contribution of Rajasthani folklore to the classical music of India. It is the Rajasthan's most sophisticated style of folk music and is most exclusive contribution to the classical music of India. The basic format belongs to the folk tune of which is sung during festive occasions like birthday and marriages.
The famous Rajasthani song Kesariya Balam is in the Mand style.
Some famous Mand singers are: Allah Jilai Bai from Bikaner, Mangi Bai Arya from Udaipur and last but not the least [[Gavri Devi|Gavari Bai]] (also known as [[Gavri Devi]]) from Jodhpur.

'''Ascending: S G3 M1 D2 N3 S '''

'''Descending:S N3 D2 P M1 G3 R2 S'''

=== Carnatic Compositions ===
* Maand Thillana by Lalgudi Jayaraman
* Paindhaane Hanuman by Arunachala Kavi
* Ramanai Bhajithaal by Papanasam Sivan
* Aadugindraan Kannan by Suddhanandha Bharathi
* Muralidhara Gopala by Periyasamy Thooran popularised by ML Vasanthakumari
* Aarumo Aaval by Kannan Iyengar, another song popularised by MLV
* Neeraja Dhala Nayana by Sambasiva Iyer popularised by Maharajapuram Santhanam
* Vaanathin Meedhu Mayilaada by Ramalinga Adigal popularised by MS Subbulakshmi

=== Film Songs: [[Tamil language|Tamil]] ===
{| class="wikitable"
!Song
!Movie
!Composer
!Singer
|-
|Maasila Nilave
(Ragamalika:Maand,Khambodhi,Punnagavarali)
|[[Ambikapathy (1957 film)|Ambikapathy]]
|rowspan=2|[[G. Ramanathan]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Bhanumathi]]
|-
|Ulavum Thendral
|[[Manthiri Kumari]]
|[[Thiruchi Loganathan]], [[Jikki]]
|-
|Aaduvome Pallu Paaduvome
|[[Naam Iruvar]]
|[[R. Sudarsanam]]
|[[D. K. Pattammal]]
|-
|Aayiram Kan Podhadhu
|[[Paavai Vilakku]]
|rowspan=2|[[K. V. Mahadevan]]
|[[C. S. Jayaraman]]
|-
|Oru Naal Podhuma
|[[Thiruvilaiyadal]]
|[[M. Balamuralikrishna]]
|-
|Kumari Pennin
|[[Enga Veettu Pillai]]
|rowspan=4|[[Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy]]
|[[T. M. Soundararajan]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Nenjam Marappathillai
|[[Nenjam Marappathillai (1963 film)|Nenjam Marappathillai]]
|[[P. B. Sreenivas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Azhage Vaa
|[[Aandavan Kattalai]]
|rowspan=3|[[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Aayiram Penmai Malaratume
|[[Vaazhkai Padagu]]
|-
|Aayiram Pookkal
|[[Aayiram Pookkal Malarattum]]
|V.S.Narasimhan
|-
|Naan Endral Adhu Avalum
|[[Suryagandhi]]
|[[M. S. Viswanathan]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[J. Jayalalithaa]]
|-
|Nadanai Kandeanadi
(Ragam kathanakuthuhalam touches in charanam)
|[[Rajaraja Cholan]]
|[[Kunnakudi Vaidyanathan]]
|[[P. Susheela]],B. Radha
|-
|Mohana Punnagai Orvalamey
|Uravu Solla Oruvan
|[[Vijaya Bhaskar]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]]
|-
|Raasaave Unna Naan Ennithan
|[[Thanikattu Raja]]
|rowspan=10|[[Ilayaraja]]
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Sailaja]]
|-
|Kungumam Thaane Oru Pennukku
|[[Raja Enga Raja]]
|-
|Chellapillai Saravanan
|Penjenmam
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[P. Susheela]]
|-
|Vanna Chindhu
|[[Koyil Kaalai]]
|[[Mano (singer)|Mano]], [[S. Janaki]]
|-
|Machan Un Machini
|[[Raman Abdullah]]
|[[Malgudi Subha]]
|-
|Chinna Kuyil Paadum Pattu
|[[Poove Poochooda Vaa]]
|[[K. S. Chitra]]
|-
|Yele Ilankiliye & Singara Cheemaiyile
|[[Ninaivu Chinnam]]
|[[P. Susheela]],[[Ilayaraja]]
|-
|Dhoori Dhoori
|[[Thendral Sudum]]
|[[S. Janaki]],[[Yuvan Shankar Raja]],[[Bhavatharini]],[[P. Susheela]](Pathos)
|-
|Vaanaththil Irunthu
(Ragamalika:Mohanam,Maand)
|[[Vellaiya Thevan]]
|Arun Mozhi, [[Uma Ramanan]]
|-
|Aalappol Velappol
(Ragam Shankarabharanam touches also)
|[[Ejamaan]]
|rowspan=2|[[S. P. Balasubramaniam]], [[K. S. Chitra]]
|-
|Anjali Anjali
|[[Duet (1994 film)|Duet]]
|rowspan=7|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|-
|Maanooththu Manthaiyile
|[[Kizhakku Cheemayile]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], Sasirekha
|-
|Sowkiyama Kannae
|[[Sangamam]]
|[[Nithyashree Mahadevan]]
|-
|Swasame Swasame
(Ragamalika:[[Kedar (raga)|Kedar]]/[[Hameer|Hamirkalyani]],Maand)
|[[Thenali]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
|Khwaja Endhan Khwaja
|[[Jodhaa Akbar]]
|[[A. R. Rahman]]
|-
|Aye Mr.Minor!
|[[Kaaviya Thalaivan (2014 film)|Kaaviya Thalaivan]]
|[[Shashaa Tirupati]], [[Haricharan]]
|-
|Maya Maya
|[[Sarvam Thaala Mayam]]
|[[Chinmayi]]
|-
|O Meghame
|[[Chinna Chinna Aasaigal]]
|[[Chandrabose (composer)|Chandrabose]]
|[[K. J. Yesudas]], [[Vani Jairam]]
|-
|Sathi Malli Poocharame
|[[Azhagan]]
|rowspan=2|[[Maragadha Mani]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]]
|-
|Marakamudiyavillai
|[[Jaathi Malli]]
|[[S. P. Balasubrahmanyam]], [[K. S. Chitra]]
|-
|Paithiyamaanene
|[[Kadal Pookkal]]
|rowspan=2|[[Deva (composer)|Deva]]
|[[Harini (singer)|Harini]], [[P. Unnikrishnan]]
|-
|Putham Pudhu Malargal
|[[Kaalamellam Kadhal Vaazhga]]
|[[K. S. Chitra]]
|-
|Kaddu Thirande Kidakinrathu
|[[Vasool Raja MBBS]]
|[[Bharadwaj (music director)|Bharadwaj]]
|[[Hariharan (singer)|Hariharan]], [[Sadhana Sargam]]
|-
|Narayana Narayana
|[[Ramanujan (film)|Ramanujan]]
|[[Ramesh Vinayakam]]
|[[Vani Jayaram]], Karthik Suresh
|-
|Un Kannanguzhiyil
|Thittam Irandu
|Satish Raghunathan
|Karthika Vaidyanathan
|}

==Notes==
{{notelist}}

==References==
{{Portal|India|Music}}
{{reflist|30em}}

{{Melakarta ragas|state=collapsed}}
{{Janya|state=collapsed}}

[[Category:Melakarta ragas]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:05, 14 August 2023
Line 1,005:		Line 1,005:

	==References==		==References==
	~~{{Portal\|India\|Music}}~~
	{{reflist\|30em}}		{{reflist\|30em}}

Sankarabharanam (raga) - Revision history

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

imported>Ser Amantio di Nicolao: Moving from Category:Melakarta Ragas to Category:Melakarta ragas using Cat-a-lot