157.131.251.115: /* Later years */Fixed age at death

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Later years: Fixed age at death

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{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Sanjukta Panigrahi
| image = Sanjukta Panigrahi, (1944-1997).jpg
| imagesize =
| caption =
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1944|8|24}}

| birth_place = [[Berhampur]], [[Ganjam District]], [[Odisha]], [[ India]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1997|6|24|1944|8|24}}(Bhubaneswar)
| occupation = [[Indian classical dance]]r, choreographer
| yearsactive = 1950s–1997
| spouse = [[Raghunath Panigrahi]]
| othername =
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] (1975)<br />[[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] (1976)
}}
'''Sanjukta Panigrahi''' (24 August 1944 – 24 June 1997)<ref>[http://www.odissivilas.org/panigrahi.htm Sanjukta at odissivilas]</ref> was a dancer from [[India]], who was the foremost exponent of [[Indian classical dance]] [[Odissi]]. Sanjukta was the first [[Odia people|Odia]] woman to embrace this ancient classical dance at an early age and ensure its grand revival.<ref>{{cite web |title=Sanjukta: the danseuse who revived Odissi |url=http://www.expressindia.com/ie/daily/19970625/17650503.html |work=United News of India |publisher=The Indian Express |access-date=29 October 2018 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000417131956/http://www.expressindia.com/ie/daily/19970625/17650503.html |archive-date=17 April 2000 |date=25 June 1997}}</ref><ref name=ny>[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9404E7D81E30F935A35754C0A961958260 Sanjukta Panigrahi, Indian Dancer, 65] ''[[New York Times]]'', 6 July 1997.</ref>

In recognition of her contribution to dancing and associated activities, she was honoured with one of India's highest civilian awards the, [[Padma Shri]] (1975). She is also recipient of the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] in 1976.

Apart from presenting [[Odissi]] performances in different parts of India, Sanjukta Panigrahi has been a part of Government's cultural delegation to different countries, including to the US and the [[Philippines]] (1969), United Kingdom (1983), [[Israel]], Delphi International Festival in [[Greece]] (1989). She has also performed in France for eleven weeks, and participated there in the International Music Festival at Paris.

==Early life and background==
Panigrahi was born in [[Berhampur]], [[Ganjam District]], [[Odisha]] state, to a traditional [[Brahmin]] family of Abhiram Mishra and Shakuntala Mishra.<ref>{{cite book|last=Publications |first=Europa |title=The International Who's Who 2004|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=neKm1X6YPY0C&pg=PA1281|year=2003|publisher=Routledge|isbn=1-85743-217-7|page=1281}}</ref>

When she was a small child, she would start dancing intuitively to any rhythmic sound like the sound of chopping of vegetable or cutting of firewood. Her mother was from Baripada and belonged to a family, which had been patronising [[chhau dance|chhau folk dance]] for long. She recognised the talent in her daughter, and encouraged her despite some initial resistance from Abhiram Misra, Sanjukta's father. The reason for the resistance was the fact that in those days this form of dance was performed generally by temple dancing girls, called [[Odissi#Mahari Tradition|Maharis]]. Male dancers are called [[Gotipua]]s. These girls were like [[Devadasis]] in the temples of South India.

==Training==
At the initiative of her mother, she started to learn dance from [[Kelucharan Mohapatra]] at age of four. She was assessed to be the best child artist by the Bisuba Milan consecutively for three years during 1950–1953.

In one of her performances as six-year-old girl, she refused to leave the stage and continued to perform energetically even after the time was over. Her mother had to shout at and cajole her to stop dancing. At nine, she performed at annual festival of the Children's Little Theatre in [[Calcutta]].<ref>[http://www.mapsofindia.com/who-is-who/art-culture/sanjukta-panigrahi.html Sanjukta Panugrahi] ''mapsofindia''.</ref>

She won the first prize in International Children's Film Festival in 1952. Encouraged by her success, her parents decided to send her for better dance training, to [[Kalakshetra]] at [[Chennai]]. There she continued her lessons under the guidance of [[Rukmini Devi Arundale]]. For the next six years she stayed there, and eventually graduated with a ''Nrityapraveen'' diploma in [[Bharatnatyam]] with [[Kathakali]] as the second subject. After that, she toured many places in India and abroad, as a member of the 'Kalakshetra Ballet Troupe'.

At the age of 14, she returned to [[Odisha]]. The state government awarded her a scholarship to learn [[Kathak]] from Guru Hazarilal in [[Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan]], [[Mumbai]]. However, she left the course and returned to Odisha to concentrate on [[Odissi]].

==Career==
The initial years were very challenging for the Sanjukta and her husband, more in terms of eking out a living than anything else. Though things turned for the better, when in 1966, her guru [[Kelucharan Mahapatra]] was conferred with the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]], and she rendered an Odissi performance during the award ceremony in New Delhi. The audience was enthralled by her performance. She had made her mark at the national level, and from that point she did not look back.

Meanwhile, her husband had emerged as a fine vocalist, and also started rendering music for her performances. In the coming decades, the Sanjukta-Raghunath duo enthralled the audience, even outlasting the Yamini-Jyothismathi duo, and were jointly awarded the [[Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]] in 1976.

Sanjukta later came to be known as Guru [[Kelucharan Mahapatra]]'s greatest disciple, and they travelled the length and the breath of the India, performing together and popularising the almost lost dance form of [[Odissi]], so much so that today, both are considered equal revivalists of the dance form.<ref>[http://narthaki.com/info/profiles/profil40.html Kelucharan Mahapatra profile]</ref>

==Dance style==
Sanjukta Panigrahi spent some time at the International School of Theatre [[Anthropology]] at Bologna, Italy in 1986, 1990 and 1992, teaching short courses and demonstrating Odissi dance to foreign students, further adding to its global popularity.<ref>[http://www.odinteatret.dk/ista/Productions/mundi.htm International School of Theatre Anthropology] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070702063419/http://www.odinteatret.dk/ista/Productions/mundi.htm |date=2 July 2007 }}</ref>

Sanjukta's forte was her ''Nritta'', or pure dance, in which she was outstanding. Her great advantage was her musician husband, whose constant presence helped her finesse her abilities in this genre. In ''Abhinaya'' (interpretation of poetry), connoisseurs and critics were agreed on the fact that she more often than not veered towards jatra and melodrama.

Together with her musician husband, Sanjukta has left behind a rich repertoire of Odissi dance, both modern as well as classical, ranging from traditional numbers based on the [[Jayadeva]]'s [[Gita Govinda]] to the padabalies of [[Surdas]], [[Chaupai (poetry)|Chaupai]]s from the [[Ramacharitamanasa]] of [[Tulasidas]] and the songs of [[Vidyapati]] and [[Rabindranath Tagore]], with piece-de-resistance being, the innovative ''Yugma-Dwanda'': a sort of Jugalbandi between the dancer and the musician in Raga Bageshri, composed by Pandit Raghunath Panigrahi and the sublime, ''Moksha Mangalam'' which in time had become her personal signature, which she used to end her performances, on an ethereal note.<ref>[http://orissagov.nic.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2005/pdf/odisi_dance.pdf Odissi Dance] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410065332/http://orissagov.nic.in/e-magazine/orissaannualreference/ORA-2005/pdf/odisi_dance.pdf |date=10 April 2009 }}, ''Government of Orissa''.</ref>

In the words of noted dance critic, [[Sunil Kothari|Dr. Sunil Kothari]], ''"Sanjukta gave up [[Bharatnatyam]] and devoted her life to Odissi, putting her signature on the form."''<ref>[http://www.indianexpress.com/res/web/pIe/ie/daily/19970703/18450903.html Obituary by Dr. Sunil Kothari]{{dead link|date=May 2018 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}</ref>
{{Expand section|date=December 2009}}

== Later years ==
She continued to perform in most of the state functions. With her pioneering efforts, she brought forth an almost forgotten Odissi style of dancing to an important position in the dance repertory of India.

She died of cancer at the age of 52, on 24 June 1997.

==Personal life==
At [[Kalakshetra]], [[Chennai]], she had fallen in love with [[Raghunath Panigrahi]], ten-year her senior, and a fine vocalist of ''[[Gita Govinda]]'', who left a promising career in film music in [[Chennai]], to provide vocal support in her performances.<ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20070521205425/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2007/05/13/stories/2007051350770500.htm Odissi at the crossroads] ''[[The Hindu]]'', 13 May 2007.</ref> When she was 16 years of age, they got married and over a period of time had two sons.<ref name=ny/>

==Legacy==
Sanjukta left behind many accomplished students, including Dr. Chitra Krishnamurti, director of ''Nrityalaya'' (an Odissi school in Potomac) and Joyoti Das a resident of Melbourne, a devout disciple of her in Australia, the artistic director and teacher of Kalamandir School of Indian classical dances, dedicated to maintain the continuum of Sanjukta's Odissi style. Sanjukta Panigrahi is considered an embodiment of Guru Kelucharan Mahapatra's art.

=== Sanjukta Panigrahi Awards ===
After her death, her husband [[Raghunath Panigrahi]] formed a trust in her name, 'Sanjukta Panigrahi Memorial Trust', in 1999, to promote the cause of Odissi dance. Since 2001, every year on her birth anniversary, the trust has been giving away scholarships to budding dancers, and awards excellence in the field of Odissi dance.<ref>[http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/articleshow/740235609.cms First Sanjukta Panigrahi award] ''[[Times of India]]'', 25 August 2001.</ref><ref>[http://narthaki.com/info/hl/hl05.html Sanjukta Panigrahi Awards] ''narthaki.com''.</ref>

== Quotes ==
* "I had two gurus, each with contradicting views. [[Rukmini Devi Arundale]] stressed technique while Guru [[Kelucharan Mohapatra]] insisted upon forgetting technique. I was confused. Much later I realized that with dedication and hard work, technique would follow automatically." As told to a disciple, Joyoti Das.
* "Shakti [. . .] which is neither masculine nor feminine [. . .]. A performer of either sex is always Shakti, energy which creates."<ref>[http://www.rtjournal.org/vol_3/no_2/stiehl02.html The Journal of Religion and Theatre, 2004]</ref>

== Films on Sanjukta Panigrahi ==
* Encounter With the Gods: Odissi Dance With Sanjukta Panigrahi. 1999 <ref>[http://www.rottentomatoes.com/m/encounter_with_the_gods_odissi_dance_with_sanjukta_panigrahi/ Encounter With the Gods With Sanjukta Panigrahi] Duration 30 min. ''[[Rotten Tomatoes]]''.</ref>

==See also==
* [[Indian women in dance]]

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}
* Indra Gupta, ''India's 50 Most Illustrious Women'' New Delhi: Icon Publications, 2003. {{ISBN|81-88086-19-3}}

==External links==
* [[Jack Anderson (dance critic)|Jack Anderson]], ''[https://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=9A07E7D61639F937A25753C1A962948260 Dance: Sanjukta Panigrahi]'' in ''[[The New York Times]]'', 14 October 1984 accessed at 31 July 2006
* {{cite web |title=The life and times of Sanjukta Panigrahi |url=http://www.rediff.com/news/jun/24sanju3.htm |work=Savvy |publisher=Rediff.com |access-date=29 October 2018 |date=25 June 1997}}
* [http://www.olywa.net/ratna-david/gallery/oRDissi/dancers/sanjukta1.htm Sanjukta Panigrahi Images]
;Video links
* {{YouTube|i7v5bOv7_pI|Sanjukta Panigrahi – Odissi – ''Ardhanareeshwara Stuti''}}
* {{YouTube|KdV-yULTcY4|Sanjukta Panigrahi – Odissi – ''Mukhari Pallavi''}}

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Art}}
{{Padma Award winners of Odisha}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Panigrahi, Sanjukta}}
[[Category:1944 births]]
[[Category:1997 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Ganjam district]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in arts]]
[[Category:Odissi dancers]]
[[Category:Performers of Indian classical dance]]
[[Category:Indian classical choreographers]]
[[Category:Teachers of Indian classical dance]]
[[Category:Kalakshetra Foundation alumni]]
[[Category:Indian women choreographers]]
[[Category:Indian choreographers]]
[[Category:Dancers from Odisha]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian educators]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian dancers]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women artists]]
[[Category:Educators from Odisha]]
[[Category:Women artists from Odisha]]
[[Category:Women educators from Odisha]]
[[Category:Indian female classical dancers]]
[[Category:20th-century women educators]]

Sanjukta Panigrahi - Revision history

157.131.251.115: /* Later years */Fixed age at death

Hembram Bakhul: Created page with "{{EngvarB|date=July 2016}} {{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}} {{Infobox person | name = Sanjukta Panigrahi | image = Sanjukta Panigrahi, (1944-1997).jpg | image..."