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			{{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2024}}
			{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2024}}
			{{Short description\|First ruler of Kamata Kingdom}}
	{{Infobox royalty		{{Infobox royalty
	\|name = Sandhya		\| name = Sandhya
	\|title =		\| title = Gaudeshwar (Victor/Lord of [[Gaur]])
	\|image =		\| image =
	\|caption =		\| caption =
	\|succession = King of ~~Kamarupa<br />King of~~ Kamata		\| succession = 1st King of [[Kamata Kingdom\|Kamatapura]]
	\|reign = 1228 – 1260 CE		\| reign = 1228 – 1260 CE
	\|predecessor = [[Raja Prithu]]		\| predecessor = [[Raja Prithu]]
	\|successor =		\| successor =
	\|birth_date =		\| birth_date =
	\|birth_place =		\| birth_place =
	\|death_date =		\| death_date =
	\|death_place =		\| death_place =
	\|spouse =		\| spouse =
	\|issue =		\| issue =
	\|dynasty =		\| dynasty =
	\|father =		\| father =
	\|mother =		\| mother =
	\|religion = [[Hinduism]]		\| religion = [[Hinduism]]
	\|regent =		\| regent =
	\|reg-type =		\| reg-type =
	}}		}}

	'''Sandhya''' ~~(also known as '''Gaudesvara''')~~ was ~~a king~~ of [[Kamarupa~~\|Kamarupa kingdom~~]] in north-eastern India in the present-day state of [[Assam]]~~, India~~. He founded the [[Kamata Kingdom]] when he moved his capital west to Kamatapur (present-day [[Gosanimari]]) sometime after 1257 CE.<ref>"[[Kamarupa]] was reorganized as a new state. 'Kamata' by name with Kamatapur as capital. The exact time when the change was made is ~~uncertain~~. But possibly ~~it had been~~ made by Sandhya (c. 1250–1270) ~~as a~~ safeguard against mounting dangers from the ~~east~~ and the ~~west~~. Its control on the eastern regions beyond the Manah (Manas river) was lax." {{harv\|Sarkar\|1992\|pp=40–41}}</ref>		'''Gaudeshwar Raja Sandhya''' was the ruler of [[Kamarupa]] in north-eastern India in the present-day state of [[Assam]]. He founded the [[Kamata Kingdom]] when he moved his capital west to Kamatapur (present-day [[Gosanimari]]) sometime after 1257 CE.<ref>"[[Kamarupa]] was reorganized as a new state. 'Kamata' is by name, with Kamatapur as the capital. The exact time when the change was made is still being determined. But it was possibly made by Sandhya (c. 1250–1270) to safeguard against mounting dangers from the East and the West. Its control on the eastern regions beyond the Manah (Manas river) was lax." {{harv\|Sarkar\|1992\|pp=40–41}}</ref>
	He became the ruler of Kamarupa in 1228, when [[Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah, Sultan of Delhi\|Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah]], who had earlier killed his predecessor [[Raja Prithu]] in 1228 AD,{{sfn\|Baruah\|1986\|p=175}} However, after Nasir-ud-din Mahmud withdrew from Kamrup, Sandhya stopped paying tribute and ~~assumed~~ independence.{{sfn\|Baruah\|1986\|p=175}}<ref name="Acharyya">{{cite thesis \|last=Acharyya \|first=Nagendra Nath \|date= 1 June 1957\|title=The History of Medieval Assam (AD 1228 to 1603) \|type=PhD \|chapter=5 \|publisher=University of London \|url= https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29178/1/10731273.pdf\|access-date=9 August 2021}}</ref>		==Accession==
			He became the ruler of Kamarupa in 1228, when [[Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah, Sultan of Delhi\|Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah]], who had earlier killed his predecessor [[Raja Prithu]] in 1228 AD,{{sfn\|Baruah\|1986\|p=175}} However, after Nasir-ud-din Mahmud withdrew from Kamrup, Sandhya stopped paying tribute and declared independence of his kingdom.{{sfn\|Baruah\|1986\|p=175}}<ref name="Acharyya">{{cite thesis \|last=Acharyya \|first=Nagendra Nath \|date= 1 June 1957\|title=The History of Medieval Assam (AD 1228 to 1603) \|type=PhD \|chapter=5 \|publisher=University of London \|url= https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29178/1/10731273.pdf\|access-date=9 August 2021}}</ref>
			==War with Lakhnauti==
			{{Main\|Yuzbak Khan's invasion of Kamarupa}}
			In 1229, after the death of Nasiruddin, Sandhya drove the Muslims out of his territory and captured territory until [[Karatoya River]]. After that, to avenge the previous defeats, he invaded the western border of [[Gauḍa (city)\|Gaur]] (Lakhnauti) and annexed regions across the Karatoya into his kingdom. In retaliation, [[Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak]] the governor of Bengal under Delhi Sultanate attempted an invasion on Sandhya's domain in 1257. However, Sandhya resisted the invasion, captured and executed Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak.<ref>{{harv\|Sarkar\|1992\|pp=39–40}}</ref><ref name="Barman">{{cite thesis \|last=Barman \|first=Rup Kumar \|date=2005 \|title=From tribalism to independent state : reflection on the emergence of Kamate-koch Kingdom \|type=PhD \|chapter=5 \|publisher=University of North Bengal \|url=http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1214 \|access-date=9 August 2021 }}{{Dead link\|date=August 2025 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref><ref name="Acharyya"/>

	~~In 1229, after~~ the ~~death of Nasiruddin~~, Sandhya ~~drove the Muslims out of~~ his ~~territory and captured territory until~~ [[~~Karatoya river~~]]~~. Thereafter,~~ to ~~avenge the previous defeats, he invaded the western border of~~ [[~~Gauḍa (city)\|Gaur~~]] ~~(Lakhnauti) and annexed regions across~~ the ~~Karatoya into his kingdom. In retaliation,~~ [[~~Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak~~]] ~~the governor of Gaur for the [[Mamluk dynasty~~ (~~Delhi~~)~~\|Mamluk rulers]] of Delhi~~, ~~attempted an invasion on Sandhya~~'~~s domain in 1257~~. ~~However,~~ Sandhya ~~defeated~~ the ~~invasion attempt, captured~~ and ~~killed Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak~~.~~<ref>~~{{harv\|Sarkar\|1992\|pp=39–40}}</ref><ref name="Barman">{{cite thesis \|last=Barman \|first=Rup Kumar \|date= 2005\|title=From tribalism to independent state : reflection on the emergence of Kamate-koch Kingdom \|type=PhD \|chapter=5 \|publisher=University of North Bengal\|url=http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1214 \|access-date=9 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="Acharyya"/>		==Establishment of the Kamata Kingdom==
			After this attack, Sandhya moved his capital from Kamarupanagara (present-day [[North Guwahati]]) to Kamatapur in present-day [[Cooch Behar district]]. He established a new kingdom called the [[Kamata Kingdom]].<ref>(Kamarupa) was reorganized as a new state, 'Kamata' by name, with Kamatapur as the capital. The exact time when the change was made is still being determined. But it was possibly made by Sandhya (c. 1250 – 1270) to safeguard against mounting dangers from the East and the West. Its control on the eastern regions beyond the Manah (Manas river) was lax.{{harv\|Sarkar\|1992\|pp=40–41}}</ref><ref name="Acharyya"/>

	~~Subsequent to this attack, Sandhya moved his capital from Kamarupanagara (present-day~~ [[~~North Guwahati~~]]) to Kamatapur in present-day [[Cooch Behar district]] and established a new kingdom, called the [[Kamata Kingdom]].<ref>(Kamarupa) was reorganized as a new state, 'Kamata' by name with Kamatapur as capital. The exact time when the change was made is uncertain. But possibly it had been made by Sandhya (c. 1250 – 1270) as a safeguard against mounting dangers from the east and the west. Its control on the eastern regions beyond the Manah (Manas river) was lax."{{harv\|Sarkar\|1992\|pp=40–41}}</ref><ref name="Acharyya"/>		== See also ==
			[[Yuzbak Khan's invasion of Kamarupa]]

	==Notes==		==Notes==
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	{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandhya}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandhya}}
	~~[[Category:History of Assam]]~~
	[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]		[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
	[[Category:13th-century Indian monarchs]]		[[Category:13th-century Indian monarchs]]
	[[Category:Kamarupa ~~(former kingdom)~~]]		[[Category:Kings of Kamarupa]]

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{{Infobox royalty
|name = Sandhya
|title =
|image =
|caption =
|succession = King of Kamarupa<br />King of Kamata
|reign = 1228 – 1260 CE
|predecessor = [[Raja Prithu]]
|successor =
|birth_date =
|birth_place =
|death_date =
|death_place =
|spouse =
|issue =
|dynasty =
|father =
|mother =
|religion = [[Hinduism]]
|regent =
|reg-type =
}}

'''Sandhya''' (also known as '''Gaudesvara''') was a king of [[Kamarupa|Kamarupa kingdom]] in north-eastern India in the present-day state of [[Assam]], India. He founded the [[Kamata Kingdom]] when he moved his capital west to Kamatapur (present-day [[Gosanimari]]) sometime after 1257 CE.<ref>"[[Kamarupa]] was reorganized as a new state. 'Kamata' by name with Kamatapur as capital. The exact time when the change was made is uncertain. But possibly it had been made by Sandhya (c. 1250–1270) as a safeguard against mounting dangers from the east and the west. Its control on the eastern regions beyond the Manah (Manas river) was lax." {{harv|Sarkar|1992|pp=40–41}}</ref>
He became the ruler of Kamarupa in 1228, when [[Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah, Sultan of Delhi|Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud Shah]], who had earlier killed his predecessor [[Raja Prithu]] in 1228 AD,{{sfn|Baruah|1986|p=175}} However, after Nasir-ud-din Mahmud withdrew from Kamrup, Sandhya stopped paying tribute and assumed independence.{{sfn|Baruah|1986|p=175}}<ref name="Acharyya">{{cite thesis |last=Acharyya |first=Nagendra Nath |date= 1 June 1957|title=The History of Medieval Assam (AD 1228 to 1603) |type=PhD |chapter=5 |publisher=University of London |url= https://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29178/1/10731273.pdf|access-date=9 August 2021}}</ref>

In 1229, after the death of Nasiruddin, Sandhya drove the Muslims out of his territory and captured territory until [[Karatoya river]]. Thereafter, to avenge the previous defeats, he invaded the western border of [[Gauḍa (city)|Gaur]] (Lakhnauti) and annexed regions across the Karatoya into his kingdom. In retaliation, [[Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak]] the governor of Gaur for the [[Mamluk dynasty (Delhi)|Mamluk rulers]] of Delhi, attempted an invasion on Sandhya's domain in 1257. However, Sandhya defeated the invasion attempt, captured and killed Malik Ikhtiyaruddin Yuzbak.<ref>{{harv|Sarkar|1992|pp=39–40}}</ref><ref name="Barman">{{cite thesis |last=Barman |first=Rup Kumar |date= 2005|title=From tribalism to independent state : reflection on the emergence of Kamate-koch Kingdom |type=PhD |chapter=5 |publisher=University of North Bengal|url=http://ir.nbu.ac.in/handle/123456789/1214 |access-date=9 August 2021}}</ref><ref name="Acharyya"/>

Subsequent to this attack, Sandhya moved his capital from Kamarupanagara (present-day [[North Guwahati]]) to Kamatapur in present-day [[Cooch Behar district]] and established a new kingdom, called the [[Kamata Kingdom]].<ref>(Kamarupa) was reorganized as a new state, 'Kamata' by name with Kamatapur as capital. The exact time when the change was made is uncertain. But possibly it had been made by Sandhya (c. 1250 – 1270) as a safeguard against mounting dangers from the east and the west. Its control on the eastern regions beyond the Manah (Manas river) was lax."{{harv|Sarkar|1992|pp=40–41}}</ref><ref name="Acharyya"/>

==Notes==
{{Reflist}}

==References==
{{refbegin}}
*{{citation
| first = S L
| last = Baruah
| title = A Comprehensive History of Assam
| year = 1986
| publisher = Munshiram Manoharlal
}}
* {{Citation |last=Sarkar |first=J. N. |contribution=Chapter II The Turko-Afghan Invasions |editor-last=Barpujari |editor-first=H. K. |title=The Comprehensive History of Assam |volume=2 |pages=35–48 |publisher=Assam Publication Board |place=Guwahati |year=1992}}
{{refend}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sandhya}}
[[Category:History of Assam]]
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
[[Category:13th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:Kamarupa (former kingdom)]]

Sandhya (ruler of Kamarupa) - Revision history

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