202.51.69.84 at 15:00, 27 May 2021

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{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2017}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2017}}
{{Infobox former subdivision
|native_name = ସମ୍ବଲପୁର
|conventional_long_name = Sambalpur State
|common_name = Sambalpur
|nation = [[British India]]
|subdivision = [[Princely State]]
|capital = Sambalpur
|era =
|year_start = 1570
|date_start =
|event_start= Foundation of the state
|year_end = 1848
|date_end =
|event_end = Annexed by the [[British Raj]]
|event1 =
|date_event1 =
|p1 =
|s1 = Presidencies and provinces of British India
|flag_p1 =
|flag_s1 = Flag of India.svg
|image_flag =
|image_coat =
|image_map = SonpurKart.jpg
|image_map_caption = Former state of Sambalpur as a British district in pink in the [[Imperial Gazetteer of India]]
|stat_area1 = 1399
|stat_year1 = 1901
|stat_pop1 = 79,900
|footnotes =
}}
[[File:Sambalpur Fort.jpg|thumb|The old fort of Sambalpur in 1825]]
'''Sambalpur State''', also known as '''Hirakhand Kingdom''' was a sovereign state founded in the 1570 CE. It ruled over a vast kingdom spread across Western Odisha and Eastern Chhattisgarh in central-eastern India prior to the Maratha occupation in 1800 AD. From 1849 AD it was integrated with British Raj as a [[princely state|British District]]. Its capital was present-day [[Sambalpur]] city in Western Odisha.

==History==
Sambalpur State was founded in mid 15th century by [[Balarama Deva]],<ref>Orissa District Gazetteers, Appendix III, Page 86-87</ref> a [[Rajput]] from [[Chauhan]] dynasty and younger brother of [[Patna State|kingdom of Patna]] ruler Raja Narsingh Deva. In 1570 CE, the [[Patna State|kingdom of Patna]], ruled by the Chauhan dynasty was bifurcated. The southern portion of the [[Ang River]] was ruled by Narasingh Deva and his brother Balaram Deva received the northern side of the river of Sambalpur region. Balaram Deb established his new capital at Sambalpur. Sambalpur was ruled by the Chauhan dynasty till 1800. The kingdom of Sambalpur was also known as '''Hirakhand''' and Sambalpur was its capital.<ref name= "Chauhan">{{citation |title=CHAUHANS RULE IN SAMBALPUR IN PRECOLONIAL ODISHA (1570-1781 A.D.) |publisher=IJRHRSS |url=https://www.ijmra.us/project%20doc/2018/IJRSS_MAY2018/IJMRA-13786.pdf |author=Raghumani Naik |date=5 May 2018 |access-date=12 March 2021}}</ref><ref>{{citation |title=GENEALOGICAL ANALYSIS OF CHAUHAN RULERS OF PATNAGARH IN WESTERN ORISSA: A STUDY |publisher=IRJHRSS |url=https://1library.net/document/y9gpv4dq-genealogical-analysis-chauhan-rulers-patnagarh-western-orissa-study.html |author=Raghumani Naik |date=3 March 2018 |access-date=12 March 2021}}</ref>

The [[Garhjat]] states were eighteen vassal states under Sambalpur State.<ref>[http://members.iinet.net.au/~royalty/ips/s/sarangarh.html Sarangarh Princely State]</ref> The Sambalpur kings favoured [[Sarangarh State]] owing to the readiness of its rulers to help their kingdom during military campaigns. Sambalpur was ruled by the Chauhan dynasty till 1800 when Sambalpur came under the [[Bhonsle]] dynasty of [[Nagpur State]].<ref>Great Britain India Office. ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]''. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908.</ref>

Sambalpur was invaded and occupied by the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] between 1808 and 1817. After the [[Third Anglo-Maratha War]] in 1817 the British Government returned Sambalpur to the Chauhan king, Jayant Singh, but his authority over its eighteen vassal states was withdrawn. The state was placed under British administration from 1818 to 1820, when local rule was restored and the principality became a [[British protectorate]].
When the ruler or the state died without a direct male heir in 1849, the British seized the state under the [[doctrine of lapse]].

In 1857 during the [[Sepoy Mutiny]] there was a rebellion led by [[Surendra Sai]] of the Sambalpur ruling family, later renowned as 'Veer' (hero) Surendra Sai. The mutineers broke open the prison at [[Hazaribagh]], where Surendra Sai was imprisoned and released all the prisoners. Surendra Sai fought against the British after reaching Sambalpur, eventually surrendering when the British suppressed the rebellion. In 1858 when Sambalpur was put under British administration it initially became part of the [[Cuttack]] division of the [[Bengal Presidency]], but was transferred to the [[Central Provinces]] in 1862.<ref>{{cite EB1911 |wstitle=Sambalpur |volume=24 |page=113}}</ref>

==Rulers==
The rulers of Sambalpur state of the Chauhan Dynasty:<ref name= "Chauhan" /><ref>[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_princes_K-W.html Princely States of India]</ref>

*[[Balarama Deva]] (1570 - 1595 CE)
*Hrdayanarayana Deva (1595 - 1605)
*Balabhadra Deva (1605 - 1630)
*Madhukar Deva (1630-1660)
*Baliara Deva (1650-1688)
*Ratan Singh (1688 - 1690)
*Chhatra Sai (1690 - 1725)
*Ajit Singh (1725 - 1766)
*Abhaya Singh (1766-1778)
*Balabhadra Singh (1778 - 1781)
*Jayanta Singh (1781 - 1818)
*Maharaj Sai (1820 - 1827)
*Rani Mohan Kumari (f) (1827 - 1833)
*Narayan Singh (1833 - 1849)
*[[Surendra Sai]] (in rebellion) (1857 - 1862)

==See also==
*[[Maratha Empire]]
*[[Doctrine of lapse]]
*[[History of Sambalpur]]
*[[Timeline of Sambalpur]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
*[http://kddf.files.wordpress.com/2011/12/the-mirrior-reflection-of-sambalpur-state.pdf The Mirror Reflection of Sambalpur State through the Courtly Chronicle called Kosalananda Kavyam]
{{Coord|21.47|N|83.97|E|region:IN-OR_type:city_source:kolossus-cawiki|display=title}}
{{Princely states annexed by British India}}
{{Princely states of the Eastern States Agency}}

[[Category:Princely states of India]]
[[Category:History of Odisha]]
[[Category:Sambalpur district]]
[[Category:Rajputs]]

Sambalpur State - Revision history

202.51.69.84 at 15:00, 27 May 2021