LesterKitamura4 at 04:09, 11 September 2025

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{{Short description|King of Javalipura from 1282 to 1305}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2019}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Samantasimha
| title = Maharajakula
| succession = King of Javalipura
| reign = 1282–1305
| predecessor = [[Chachigadeva]]
| successor = [[Kanhadadeva]]
| issue = Kanhadadeva
| dynasty = [[Chahamanas of Jalor|Chahamana]]
}}
'''Samantasimha''' ([[IAST]]: Sāmantasiṃha; {{reign|1282|1305}}) was a king belonging to the [[Chahamanas of Jalor|Chahamana dynasty]], who ruled the area around Javalipura (present-day [[Jalore]] in [[Rajasthan]]). During the later half of his reign, he and his son [[Kanhadadeva]] jointly ran the administration. The [[Delhi Sultanate]] raided the kingdom twice during his reign, but could not capture it.

== Reign ==
<mapframe text="[[Find spot]]s of inscriptions issued during the reign of Samantasimha{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|pp=32-35}}" width="400" height="400" zoom="6" longitude="72.14" latitude="25.09">
{
"type": "FeatureCollection",
"features": [
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "[[Bhinmal]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [72.2625, 25.0085] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "Budtara", "description": "Also known as Budhatra or Burtra" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [72.7969, 25.3130] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "[[Chohtan]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [71.0705, 25.4842] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "star", "marker-color": "000080", "title": "[[Jalor]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [72.1416, 25.1257] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "Juna Barmer" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [71.5635, 25.2272] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "[[Sanchore]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [71.7762, 24.7518] }
},
{
"type": "Feature",
"properties": { "marker-symbol": "monument", "title": "[[Sirohi]]" },
"geometry": { "type": "Point", "coordinates": [72.8575, 24.8852] }
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Samantasimha succeeded Chachigadeva on the throne of Javalipura. He was probably Chachigadeva's son, although this cannot be said with certainty. He is also known as Samvantasimha and Samyantasimha.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=32}} The inscriptions issued during his reign give his title as ''Maharajakula''.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|pp=33-34}}

According to the 17th century chronicle ''[[Nainsi ri Khyat]]'', Samantasimha had at least two sons: [[Kanhadadeva]] and Maladeva. As the [[heir apparent]], [[Kanhadadeva]] assisted his father in administration from at least 1296 CE onwards.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=36}}{{sfn|Dasharatha Sharma|1959|p=159}} The 1299 CE [[Chohtan]] inscription refers to their joint reign.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=35}}

=== Khalji invasion ===

According to the Gujarat chronicler Jinaprabha Suri, in 1291-92 CE (1398 [[Vikrama Samvat|VS]]), the [[Delhi Sultanate|Delhi Sultan]] [[Jalal ud din Firuz Khalji|Jalaluddin Khalji]] invaded the Chāhamāna kingdom of Javalipura(Jalore). Samantasimha Chahmana's neighbour Sarangadeva, the [[Vaghela dynasty|Vaghela]] king of Gujarat, came to his rescue. Khalji's army advanced up to Sanchore, but was forced to retreat by the Vaghelas, who were perhaps concerned that the Delhi Sultan would invade Gujarat next.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=36}}{{sfn|Dasharatha Sharma|1959|p=159}}

In 1299, Jalaluddin Khalji's successor [[Alauddin Khalji]] sent an army to Gujarat, under the command of [[Ulugh Khan]] and [[Nusrat Khan Jalesari|Nusrat Khan]]. While returning from Gujarat, the Delhi army marched through the kingdom of Jalore. There, a section of the Delhi army [[Alauddin Khalji's conquest of Gujarat#Mutiny near Jalore|rebelled against their commanders]] over distribution of the plunder from Gujarat.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=38}} According to Munhot Nainsi, Samantasimha's envoys met the neo-Muslim rebel leader Mammushah (Muhammad Shah). Three days after this meeting, the Khalji army was attacked by the rebels from one side and by the Jalore army from the other side.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|pp=38-39}} The mutiny was ultimately crushed. [[Ziauddin Barani]]'s ''Tarikh-i-Firuz Shahi'' (14th century) also describes the mutiny, but does not mention the Chahamana participation in the conflict.{{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=39}} The veracity of Nainsi's account is doubtful, as he inaccurately states that Alauddin personally led the Gujarat campaign.{{sfn|Kishori Saran Lal|1950|p=136}}

== Inscriptions ==

The following inscriptions dated to Samantasimha's reign have been found:

{| class="wikitable"
! Date !! Place !! Purpose !! Source
|-
| 1283 CE (1339 [[Vikrama Samvat|VS]]) || [[Bhinmal]] || Grants by Guhila Sahajapala and his wife || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=32}}
|-
| 1284 CE (1340 VS) || Budtara || Construction of a well or tank by Rupadevi (daughter of Chachigadeva) || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|pp=30-32}}
|-
| 1286 CE (1342 VS) || Bhinmal || Grant to the Mahalakshmi temple by Rathoda Alhanasimha || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=33}}
|-
| 1288 CE (1345 VS) || Bhinmal || Grant of a golden ''[[kalasha]]'' (cupola) and 200 gold coins to the Jagasvamin temple || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=33}}
|-
| 1288 CE (1345 VS) || [[Sanchore]] || Religious endowment || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|pp=33-34}}
|-
| 1295 CE (1352 VS) || Juna Barmer || Religious grants at the Adinatha temple || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=34}}
|-
| 1296 CE (1353 VS) || [[Jalore]] || Grants to the Parshvanatha temple by family of Narpati and Gunadhara || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|pp=34-35}}
|-
| 1299 CE (1355 VS) || [[Chohtan]] || || {{sfn|Ashok Kumar Srivastava|1979|p=35}}
|}

== References ==
{{reflist|30em}}

=== Bibliography ===

* {{cite book |author=Ashok Kumar Srivastava |title=The Chahamanas of Jalor |publisher=Sahitya Sansar Prakashan |year=1979 |url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.547206 |oclc=12737199 }}
* {{cite book |author=Dasharatha Sharma |title=Early Chauhān Dynasties |publisher=S. Chand / Motilal Banarsidass |year=1959 |isbn=9780842606189 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=n4gcAAAAMAAJ |oclc=3624414 }}
* {{cite book |author=Kishori Saran Lal |author-link=K. S. Lal |title=History of the Khaljis (1290-1320) |year=1950 |publisher=The Indian Press |location=Allahabad |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=2XXqAQAACAAJ |oclc=685167335 }}

{{Chahamanas of Jalor}}

[[Category:Chahamana kings of Jalor]]

Samantasimha (Chahamana) - Revision history

LesterKitamura4 at 04:09, 11 September 2025