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{{Infobox dam
| name = Salaulim Dam
| name_official = Salaulim Dam
| image = Aerial view of Salaulim Dam, Goa.jpg
| image_size = 300px
| image_caption = Aerial view of Salaulim Dam, Goa
| image_alt =
| location_map = India Goa#India
| location_map_size =
| location_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|15|12|47|N|74|10|44|E|type:landmark|display=inline,title}}
| country = [[India]]
| location = [[Kushavati district]], [[Goa]]
| status =
| construction_began = 1975
| opening = 2000
| demolished =
| cost = Rs 170 Crores (present estimate)
| owner = Goa Water Resources Department
| dam_type = Earth dam with concrete [[Spillway]]
| dam_height = {{Convert|42.7|m}}
| dam_length = {{Convert|1004|m}}
| dam_width_crest =
| dam_width_base =
| dam_volume =
| dam_crosses = [[Guleli River]], a tributary of [[Zuari River]]
| spillway_count = One
| spillway_type = Concrete, Duckbill type (Morning Glory) 44 m long
| spillway_capacity =
| res_name = Salaulim Reservoir
| res_capacity_total = Live storage {{convert|227000000|m3|abbr=on}}
| res_catchment =
| res_surface = {{Convert|24|km2|abbr=on}}
| res_max_depth =
| res_tidal_range =
| plant_operator =
| plant_commission =
| plant_decommission =
| plant_type =
| plant_turbines =
| plant_capacity =
| plant_annual_gen =
| website =
| extra =
}}
The '''Salaulim Dam''' is located on the Guleli River, a tributary of the [[Zuari River]] in [[Goa]], [[India]]. It is an integral component of the Salaulim Irrigation Project which envisages benefits of irrigation and drinking water supply.<ref name=large>{{Cite web|url=http://www.cwc.nic.in/main/downloads/National%20Register%20of%20Large%20Dams%202009.pdf|title=National Register of Large Dams|work=Goa|page=46|accessdate=4 February 2011|publisher=Central Water Commission (CWC) and National Informatics center (NIC)|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20110721165130/http://www.cwc.nic.in/main/downloads/National%20Register%20of%20Large%20Dams%202009.pdf|archivedate=21 July 2011}}</ref><ref name="OperationsGoa1996">{{cite book|author1=India. Director of Census Operations|author2=Goa|title=Census of India, 1991: Goa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y5sUAQAAMAAJ|accessdate=6 February 2011|year=1996|publisher=Controller of Publications}}</ref><ref name="GomesTrust2004">{{cite book|author1=Olivinho Gomes|author2=National Book Trust|title=Goa|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rl9uAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=6 February 2011|year=2004|publisher=National Book Trust, India|isbn=978-81-237-4139-0}}</ref> The dam is a composite earth+masonry dam of {{Convert|42.7|m}} height with a water spread area of {{Convert|24|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=large/>

It was initially planned to provide irrigation to an ultimate potential of {{Convert|14326|ha}} and water supply of 160 million liters per day (MLD) to [[South Goa]]; the water supply component for domestic and industrial use is now increased to 380 MLD. The initial cost of the project, when approved in 1971, was Rs. 9.61 crore, which, as of 2007, is estimated to cost Rs. 170 crores. However, the construction of the project was started in 1976 and the dam was completed in 2000, and the irrigation component is under final stages of completion having achieved an irrigation potential of 9,537 ha, as of 2007.<ref name="GomesTrust2004" /><ref name="Plan">{{Cite web|url=http://goadpse.gov.in/publications/dpse-11-5-year-plan-2007-2012andAnuapl-plan2007-08.pdf|title=Government of Goa Eleventh Five Year Plan 2007–12 and Annual Plan 2007–08|pages=116–117|accessdate=5 February 2011|publisher=Directorate of Planning, Statistics And Evaluation Panaji}}</ref><ref name="Budget">{{Cite web|url=http://www.goawrd.gov.in/documents/performancebud.htm|title=Performance Budget for the Year 2008–2009|work= Salaulim Irrigation Project|accessdate=5 February 2011|publisher=Government of Goa}}</ref>

==Geography==
The project is located at Xelpem about 5 km from the [[Sanguem]] town,<ref name="Sinha2003">{{cite book|author=B.R. Sinha|title=Encyclopedia of Professional Education Volume 7|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdjGoXN3y1AC&pg=PA268|accessdate=6 February 2011|date=1 January 2003|publisher=Sarup & Sons|isbn=978-81-7625-410-6|pages=268–}}</ref> in the Zuari River Basin, which is drained by the Zuari River which in turn is formed after the confluence of Guleli and Uguem Rivers in [[Sanguem taluka]].<ref name="Alvares1991">{{cite book|author=Claude Alphonso Alvares|title=Unwanted guest: Goans v/s. Du Pont|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZG3tAAAAMAAJ|accessdate=6 February 2011|date=1 March 1991|publisher=Other India Press|isbn=9788185569024 }}</ref> The Salaulim dam is located on the Guleli River (also known as Salauli river) near the Sanguem town. The river drains a catchment area of {{Convert|227|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=large/>

==Project features==
[[File:Full Reservoir View of Salaulim Dam, Goa.jpg|left|thumb|Reservoir water spread of the Salaulim Dam]]
The dam which is also Goa's largest dam in terms of storage capacity of water, is a composite structure of earth-cum-masonry type of {{Convert|42.70|m}} height above the deepest foundation level. The length of dam at the crest is {{Convert|1004|m}} and the reservoir water spread area (within Goa without inter-state implications) is {{Convert|24|km2|abbr=on}}.<ref name=large/> The dam structure has a volume content of 2.714 [[million cubic metre]]s (MCM). The gross storage capacity of the reservoir is 234.361 MCM with the live or effective storage capacity fixed at 227.157 MCM<ref name=large/>(8 TMCft) The spillway which is of the unique Duckbill type (Morning Glory type) is an ungated structure located in the gorge section with a length of {{Convert|44|m}} which is designed to pass an estimated Design Flood Discharge of {{Convert|1450|m3}}/s.<ref name=large/><ref name=Budget/> Out the total live storage of about 227 MCM, 126 MCM is for irrigation and the balance 101 MCM is earmarked for domestic and industrial water use. As a result, 220 MLD of water is available for industrial and domestic use in South Goa, in addition to 160 MLD originally provided in the approved project.<ref name=Budget/>

===Submergence===
[[File:Island in the Salaulim reservoir , Goa.jpg|left|thumb|Island in the reservoir submergence area of Salaulim Dam]]
The reservoir submergence involved 20 villages which were partially or fully submerged. 3000 people were displaced and resettled. Mining areas were also submerged for which compensation was provided.<ref name="Sinha2003"/> Apart from submergence of villages, the {{Convert|2.5|m}} tall figure of Mother Goddess (dated to 5th century BC), a 16 tonne image, which was to come under the submergence village of [[Curdi]] in Sanguem taluka was relocated at [[Verna, Goa|Verna]].<ref name="Bradnock2002">{{cite book|author1=Robert Bradnock|author2=Roma Bradnock|title=Footprint Goa Handbook: The Travel Guide|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=pWAnvOJD1qwC&pg=PA171|accessdate=4 February 2011|date=May 2002|publisher=Footprint Travel Guides|isbn=978-1-903471-22-7|pages=171–}}</ref> Another temple, archaeologically dated to the 10th–11th century of the [[Kadambas of Goa|Kadamaba period]], at Kurdi, Angod, which was falling under the submergence area of Salauli Reservoir, was also relocated to a site {{Convert|17|km}} away. The relocation was done by dismantling of the original temple and then reassembling it at the new location after methodically numbering each stone, over a period of 11 years.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.exoticgoa.co.in/mahadeva-temple-Kurdi-angod-goa.php|title=The Mahadev Temple, Kurdi – Goa|accessdate=8 February 2011|publisher=Exoticgoa|archive-date=29 January 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110129084954/http://www.exoticgoa.co.in/mahadeva-temple-Kurdi-angod-goa.php|url-status=dead}}</ref>

===Seismicity===
Following an [[earthquake]] in the project area (which lasted for 5 seconds and had no effect on the safety of the dam), a proposal has been mooted to install a [[seismograph]] near Salaulim dam (location {{Convert|5|km}} from the Sanguem town) to monitor any [[tectonic]] activity in the area.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-01-10/goa/28354082_1_selaulim-dam-seismic-activity-tectonic-activity|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104190623/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2011-01-10/goa/28354082_1_selaulim-dam-seismic-activity-tectonic-activity|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 November 2012|title=Monitoring seismic activity at Salaulim dam a must|accessdate=6 February 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|date=10 January 2011}}</ref>

===Irrigation system===
The irrigation system of the project was planned to irrigate lands in Sanguem, Quepum and Salceto talukas (to grow sugar cane to meet the needs of Goa's first sugar mill).<ref name="Sinha2003"/> The canal, which takes off from the dam is on the left bank, known as the "Left Bank Main Canal" which is {{Convert|25.73|km}} long, and is designed to carry a discharge of {{Convert|13.6|m3}}/s. It has a network of distributary canals and minor canals to provide irrigation to an ultimate potential of {{Convert|14326|ha}}. As originally planned, the main canal had distributary canals D1, D2-D3 (combined off taking from the main canal at chainage {{Convert|17.05|km}}), minor canals M1, M2 and M3, which are all completed. However, the length of two of the distributary canals (D2 and D3) has been curtailed thus reducing the irrigation command by {{Convert|4680|ha}}. The water thus saved is proposed to be used for increasing the water supply for domestic and industrial users by about 220 MLD. The total irrigation potential created is {{Convert|14106|ha}}(ultimate potential) of which the CCA is {{Convert|9537|ha}}. As a part of the command area development, 28 Water Users Associations (WUAs) have been instituted and out of these, 15 WUAs have been given control over the water distribution networks.<ref name=Budget/>

===Other benefits===
In the vicinity of the Salaulim dam area, proposals were mooted to set up a health centre with a modern hospital with 300 beds, along with a nature park and a botanical garden.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.rediff.com/money/2001/jun/30goa.htm.|title=Goa's ambitious master plan moots new tourism concepts|accessdate=5 February 2011|work=Rediff.com|date= 30 June 2001}}</ref> The Botanical Garden was planned by the Goa Forest Department, patterned on the [[Brindavan Gardens]] in [[Mysore]], involving landscaping and ornamental plantation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://goadpse.gov.in/publications/dpse-goa-economic-survey2003-04.pdf|title= Economic Survey 2003–2004|page=110|accessdate=5 February 2011|publisher=Government of Goa}}</ref>

Fish is an important factor in the life of [[Goa]]ns and in this context the reservoir area of Salaulim and Anjunem Irrigation projects have also provided livelihood opportunities for the fishing community.<ref name="GaonkarPatil2008">{{cite book|author1=Rekha R. Gaonkar|author2=Patil|title=Fishery Management|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Hzrfb8I9jqkC&pg=PA2|accessdate=9 February 2011|date=1 January 2008|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-313-0320-7|pages=2–}}</ref> Fish seed farming was started in the fresh water lake of Salaulim for fish production.<ref>{{Cite book|url=http://www.google.co.in/search?client=firefox-a&rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official&channel=s&hl=en&q=Salaulim%20Reservoir%20fishing&um=1&ie=UTF-8&tbo=u&tbs=bks:1&source=og&sa=N&tab=wp|title=Explanatory Memorandum on the Budget: Volume 2 |author=Goa, Daman and Diu (India)|accessdate=9 February 2011|publisher=The University of California1980|quote=Fish seed farm at Salaulim: This scheme is taken up with a view to utilise the fresh water lake at Salaulim in respect of fish production.}}</ref>

==Pollution==
Mining operations are still done in three mines, which are located within 1 km from the reservoir periphery.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goanews.com/news_disp.php?pageno=2&catid=158&newsid=1158|title=Over half of mines near water bodies: Govt |accessdate=9 February 2011|publisher=Goanews}}</ref> A panel of experts has advised the authorities concerned to take adequate steps to prevent pollution of lake waters by mining effluents, as the reservoir is a source of drinking water supply.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-31/goa/28293743_1_selaulim-dam-mining-companies-sanguem|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104190711/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2010-07-31/goa/28293743_1_selaulim-dam-mining-companies-sanguem|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 November 2012|title=Monitor Selaulim dam regularly|accessdate=9 February 2011|work=[[The Times of India]]|date= 31 July 2010}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*[http://oheraldo.in/news/Main%20Picture%20News/Water-overflowing-the-spillway-at-Selaulim-Dam-in-Sanguem/39229.html Water overflowing the spillway at Salaulim Dam in Sanguem.]{{Dead link|date=August 2025 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
*[http://www.parrikar.com/blog/2009/08/19/monsoon-glory-5/ The 'duckbill spillway' at Selaulim dam, Goa] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110715045429/http://www.parrikar.com/blog/2009/08/19/monsoon-glory-5/ |date=2011-07-15 }}
*[https://catchychronicles.com/salaulim-dam-goa/ Salaulim Dam and its beautiful Garden in Goa]

{{Hydrography of Goa}}

[[Category:Dams in Goa]]
[[Category:Masonry dams]]
[[Category:Dams completed in 2000]]
[[Category:Buildings and structures in South Goa district]]
[[Category:2000 establishments in Goa]]

Salaulim Dam - Revision history

ClintCarswell72: new details