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			{{Expand Malayalam\|date=April 2022}}
	{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2017}}		{{Use Indian English\|date=June 2017}}
	{{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2017}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=June 2017}}
	{{Infobox royalty		{{Infobox royalty
	\| name = Shakthan Thampuran		\| name = Shakthan Thampuran
	\| image = Shakthan Thamparan statue.jpg		\| title = [[Kingdom of Cochin\|King of Cochin]]
	\| caption = Shakthan Thampuran statue in [[Sakthan Thampuran Nagar]] in [[Thrissur]] city		\| image = Shakthan Thamparan statue.jpg
	\| succession = [[Maharaja of Cochin]]		\| caption = Shakthan Thampuran statue in [[Sakthan Thampuran Nagar]] in [[Thrissur]] city
	\| reign = 16 August 1790 – 26 September 1805		\| succession = [[Maharaja of Cochin]]
	\| coronation = 1791		\| reign = 16 August 1790 – 26 September 1805
	\| investiture =		\| coronation = 1791
	\| full name = Raja Rama Varma Kunhji Pillai Thampuran		\| investiture =
	\| native_lang1 = [[Malayalam]]		\| full name = Raja Rama Varma Kunhji Pillai Thampuran
			\| regnal name = Rama Varma IX
			\| native_lang1 = [[Malayalam]]
	\| native_lang1_name1 = രാജാ രാമ വര്‍മ്മ		\| native_lang1_name1 = രാജാ രാമ വര്‍മ്മ
	\| birth_date = 26 July 1751		\| birth_date = 26 July 1751
	\| birth_place = Vellarapally Palace, Puthiyedam, [[Kaladi]]		\| birth_place = Vellarapally Palace, Puthiyedam, [[Kaladi]]
	\| death_date = 26 September 1805 (aged 54)		\| death_date = 26 September 1805 (aged 54)
	\| death_place = Vadakkechira Palace [[Thrissur]]		\| death_place = Vadakkechira Palace [[Thrissur]]
	\| burial_date =		\| burial_date =
	\| burial_place = [[Thrissur]]		\| burial_place = [[Thrissur]]
	\| predecessor = [[Rama Varma VIII]]		\| predecessor = [[Rama Varma VIII]]
	\| suc-type =		\| suc-type =
	\| heir =		\| heir =
	\| successor = [[Rama Varma X]]		\| successor = [[Rama Varma X]]
	\| spouse = Chummukutty Nethyar Amma		\| spouse = Chummukutty Nethyar Amma
	\| issue =		\| issue =
	\| dynasty = [[Cochin royal family]]		\| dynasty = [[Cochin royal family]]
	\| father = Chennas Anujan Namboodiripad		\| father = Chennas Anujan Namboodiripad
	\| mother = Ambika Thampuran		\| mother = Ambika Thampuran
	\| religion = [[Hinduism]]		\| religion = [[Hinduism]]
	\| signature =		\| signature =
	}}		}}

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	[[File:ShakthanThampuranPalace.JPG\|thumb\|left\|250px\|A view of the entrance of [[Shakthan Thampuran Palace]] where he was cremated.]]		[[File:ShakthanThampuranPalace.JPG\|thumb\|left\|250px\|A view of the entrance of [[Shakthan Thampuran Palace]] where he was cremated.]]

	Thampuran married twice. His first wife was a [[Nair]] lady from the reputed ~~''Vadakke Kuruppath''~~ family of [[Thrissur]] whom he married when he was 30 years old. He is said to have had a daughter with this first wife. However, this ''Nethyar Amma'' (title of the consort of the Cochin ''Rajah'') died soon after birth. Thereafter the Thampuran remained unmarried for a few decades, marrying again at the age of 52. The second wife of Thampuran was Chummukutty ''Nethyar Amma'' of the ''Karimpatta'' family and was a musician and dancer. She was 17 at the time of her marriage with the Thampuran. Thampuran died after 4 years of the marriage. At the time, widowed ''Nethyar Ammas'' did not receive monetary support from the state, so Chummukutty, at the age of 21, returned to her ancestral home.<ref name=":0" />		Thampuran married twice. His first wife was a [[Nair]] lady from the reputed “Thekke Kuruppath” family of [[Thrissur]] whom he married when he was 30 years old. He is said to have had a daughter with this first wife. However, this ''Nethyar Amma'' (title of the consort of the Cochin ''Rajah'') died soon after birth. Thereafter the Thampuran remained unmarried for a few decades, marrying again at the age of 52. The second wife of Thampuran was Chummukutty ''Nethyar Amma'' of the ''Karimpatta'' family and was a musician and dancer. She was 17 at the time of her marriage with the Thampuran. Thampuran died after 4 years of the marriage. At the time, widowed ''Nethyar Ammas'' did not receive monetary support from the state, so Chummukutty, at the age of 21, returned to her ancestral home.<ref name=":0" />

	===Death===		===Death===

imported>Trvarma2 at 23:20, 22 August 2021

2021-08-22T23:20:08Z

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=June 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
{{Infobox royalty
| name = Shakthan Thampuran
| image = Shakthan Thamparan statue.jpg
| caption = Shakthan Thampuran statue in [[Sakthan Thampuran Nagar]] in [[Thrissur]] city
| succession = [[Maharaja of Cochin]]
| reign = 16 August 1790 – 26 September 1805
| coronation = 1791
| investiture =
| full name = Raja Rama Varma Kunhji Pillai Thampuran
| native_lang1 = [[Malayalam]]
| native_lang1_name1 = രാജാ രാമ വര്‍മ്മ
| birth_date = 26 July 1751
| birth_place = Vellarapally Palace, Puthiyedam, [[Kaladi]]
| death_date = 26 September 1805 (aged 54)
| death_place = Vadakkechira Palace [[Thrissur]]
| burial_date =
| burial_place = [[Thrissur]]
| predecessor = [[Rama Varma VIII]]
| suc-type =
| heir =
| successor = [[Rama Varma X]]
| spouse = Chummukutty Nethyar Amma
| issue =
| dynasty = [[Cochin royal family]]
| father = Chennas Anujan Namboodiripad
| mother = Ambika Thampuran
| religion = [[Hinduism]]
| signature =
}}

'''Rama Varma Kunhjippilla Thampuran''' (1751–1805), or '''Rama Varma IX''', popularly known as '''Sakthan Thampuran''' (''Sakthan'' meaning powerful), was the ruler of the [[Kingdom of Cochin]]. The current southern Indian city of Kochi was part of the erstwhile princely state of [[Kochi]]. He resided at Vadakkechira Palace in [[Thrissur]]. The city of [[Thrissur]] is referred to as the ''Cultural Capital of [[Kerala]]'' owing to its many traditional festivals and historic temples. Sakthan Thampuran is considered the architect of the city of [[Thrissur]]. The festival [[Thrissur Pooram]] was started by him.

==Biography==

===Early life===
Born on 26 August 1751 AD at ''Vellarapally Palace'' to Anujan Namboodiripad of the ''Chennamangalam Mana'' and Ambika Thampuratti of the [[Cochin Royal Family]].<ref>{{cite web
|url = http://www.vicharakendram.org/Journels/Pragathy108-April-June2009.pdf#page=45&zoom=auto,0,614
|title = SAKTHAN THAMPURAN AND THE EMERGENCE OF COCHIN AS A COMMERCIAL CENTRE
|publisher = Saritha Viswanathan
|access-date = 2013-07-11
|url-status = dead
|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20150203093925/http://www.vicharakendram.org/Journels/Pragathy108-April-June2009.pdf#page=45&zoom=auto,0,614
|archive-date = 3 February 2015
|df = dmy-all
}}</ref> His mother died when he was only three years old. The prince was brought up by his maternal aunt, famously known as ''Chittamma'' (meaning mother's younger sister) Thampuran. His early education took place under the tutelage of scholars such as Kallenkara Pisharody. Sakthan Thampuran was considered as the most powerful of the Kochi [[Maharaja]]s as his name indicates.
<ref name=":0">{{cite web
|url=http://www.kerala.com/kerala_Celebrities/kerala_celebrity_Sakthan_Thampuran.php
|title=Kerala Celebrities
|publisher=Kerala.com
|access-date=2013-03-11}}</ref>
<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.geni.com/people/HH-Maharaja-Rama-Varma-Shakthan-Thampuran/6000000010864783307
|title=HH Maharaja Rama Varma Shakthan Thampuran, Cochin
|publisher=Geni
|access-date=2013-03-11}}</ref>

===Marriage===
[[File:ShakthanThampuranPalace.JPG|thumb|left|250px|A view of the entrance of [[Shakthan Thampuran Palace]] where he was cremated.]]

Thampuran married twice. His first wife was a [[Nair]] lady from the reputed ''Vadakke Kuruppath'' family of [[Thrissur]] whom he married when he was 30 years old. He is said to have had a daughter with this first wife. However, this ''Nethyar Amma'' (title of the consort of the Cochin ''Rajah'') died soon after birth. Thereafter the Thampuran remained unmarried for a few decades, marrying again at the age of 52. The second wife of Thampuran was Chummukutty ''Nethyar Amma'' of the ''Karimpatta'' family and was a musician and dancer. She was 17 at the time of her marriage with the Thampuran. Thampuran died after 4 years of the marriage. At the time, widowed ''Nethyar Ammas'' did not receive monetary support from the state, so Chummukutty, at the age of 21, returned to her ancestral home.<ref name=":0" />

===Death===
[[File:Tomb of Ramavarma Sakthan Thamburan.jpg|thumb|Tomb commemorating Ramavarma Sakthan Thamburan, king Kochi. Monument in palace Toppumkaadu (Vadakkechira Palace compound)]]
After his 55th birthday, Sakthan Thampuran fell ill and died on 26 September 1805, at [[Thrissur]] City. He was cremated at Vadakkechira Palace, now renamed [[Shakthan Thampuran Palace]], [[Thrissur]]. There is a monument to him within the palace grounds. His palace in [[Thrissur]] City is preserved as a state monument. He is considered to be responsible for the development of [[Thrissur]] City and also making it the ''Cultural Capital of Kerala''.
<ref name=":0" />

==Administration==
In 1762, ten [[tehsils]] (''Kovilakathum vathukkals'') and two ''Edavagas'' (semi [[tehsils]]) were formed in the [[Kochi]] Kingdom. But the previous feudal chieftains maintained their stronghold. After Thampuran ascended the throne of [[Kingdom of Cochin]] , he took over the land from the feudal chieftains and consolidated the royal power. At that time, the [[Vadakkunnathan Temple]] and [[Peruvanam Mahadeva Temple]] were controlled by the [[Namboodiri]] community, called ''Yogiatiripppads''. The ''Yogiatiripppads'' was elected from different temples in the [[Thrissur District]]. Thampuran wrested the control of the temples and abolished the system of Yogiatiripppads. Thampuran's strict approach with criminals earned his name, ''Sakthan''. During the [[British Raj]], [[United Kingdom|British]] authorities had good relations with Thampuran. He was also a personal friend of ''Dharma Raja'' of [[Travancore]].

==Legacy==

===City of Thrissur===
[[File:Thrissur Trichur Round-1.jpg|thumb|left|250px|A bird's view of [[Swaraj Round]] which was built by Sakthan Thampuran]]
The modern day town of [[Thrissur]] owes its origin to Sakthan Thampuran. The reason for his love of the town was because his two wives were both born here. They belonged to the ''Kuruppath'' and ''Karimpatta'' families of Thrissur.<ref>{{cite book
|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=HMoP4lsmGXoC&pg=PA31
|title=The Chaldean Syrian Church Of The East
|year=1983
|publisher=Mar Aprem
|access-date=2013-03-11}}</ref> Sakthan Thampuran transferred his capital from [[Thrippunithura]] to Thrissur to found the city. He cleared the {{convert|60|acre|adj=on}} teak forests around the [[Vadakkunnathan Temple]] and developed the [[Thekkinkadu Maidan]], which is now at the heart of the city. After clearing the forest, he built a circular concrete road now known as [[Swaraj Round]].

===Thrissur Pooram===
The [[Thrissur Pooram]] or "Mother of all Poorams", as it was known, was the brainchild of Sakthan Thampuran. At the time, [[Arattupuzha Pooram]] was the largest temple festival in [[Kerala]]. Temples in and around the city of Thrissur were regular participants. Once, they were denied entry to [[Arattupuzha Pooram]] because they were late. All the late participant temples went to Sakthan Thampuran, then [[Maharaja of Cochin]], and complained about the issue. Thampuran invited all the temples to bring their deities to Thrissur and pay obeisance to Lord [[Shiva]], the deity of the [[Vadakkunnathan Temple]]. Thampuran classified the participants into two groups, the Western and the Eastern. The Western group consisted of the ''Thiruvambady'', ''Kanimangalam'', ''Laloor'', ''Ayyanthole'', and ''Nethilakkavu'' temples while the ''Paramekkavu'', ''Karamukku'', ''Chembukavu'', ''Choorakottukavu'' and ''Panamukkamppilly'' temples came under the eastern group.<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://thrissurpooramfestival.com/thrissur_pooram.html
|title=Thrissur Pooram - Prologue
|publisher=Thrissurpooramfestival
|access-date=2013-04-02}}</ref>

===Shakthan Thampuran Palace===
{{main|Shakthan Thampuran Palace}}
Named after Shakthan Thampuran, the palace is spread over {{convert|6|acre}} of Thrissur and was earlier known as ''Vadakkechira Kovilakam''. It is one of the most historic cultural and architecturally relevant palace of the erstwhile Maharaja of [[Cochin]], which has now been converted into a heritage museum. The palace is now a blend of traditional [[Kerala]] and [[Netherlands|Dutch]] architectural styles following its 1795 reconstruction.

[[File:ThrissurPooram-Kuda.jpg|thumb|right|200px|Battle of the colourfull umbrellas (''Kudamattam'') during the [[Thrissur Pooram]]]]

==See also==
*[[Timeline of Thrissur]]
*[[Thrissur Pooram]]
*[[Thrissur]]
*[[Kerala]]
*[[Perumpadapu Swaroopam]]
*[[Kingdom of Cochin]]

==References==
;Sources
* ''[[Aithihyamala]]'' by [[Kottarathil Sankunni]]
* [[Cochin State Manual]]

;Notes
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{Cite web |url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/Sakthan-Thampurans-anonymous-appearance-triggers-controversy/articleshow/19158428.cms |title=Sakthan Thampuran's 'anonymous' appearance triggers controversy - Times of India |website=The Times of India |access-date=2019-04-05}}
* {{Cite book |url=http://keralabookstore.com/book/sakthan-thampuran/6565/ |title=Sakthan Thampuran |last=Sreekumari Ramachandran |publisher=Poorna Publications |year=2016 |isbn=9788130016580 |language=ml}}

{{Commons category|Sakthan Thampuran}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-reg}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Rama Varma VIII]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Kingdom of Cochin|Maharaja of Cochin]]|years=1790–1805}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Rama Varma X]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Thrissur topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Thampuran}}
[[Category:1751 births]]
[[Category:1805 deaths]]
[[Category:Rulers of Cochin]]
[[Category:Thrissur Pooram]]
[[Category:18th-century Indian monarchs]]
[[Category:19th-century Indian monarchs]]

Sakthan Thampuran - Revision history

UpdateBot: robot: Update article (please report if you notice any mistake or error in this edit)

imported>Trvarma2 at 23:20, 22 August 2021