JewelWoodcock19 at 03:45, 8 March 2026

2026-03-08T03:45:01Z

imported>Rajmishrsa at 03:28, 10 August 2021

2021-08-10T03:28:40Z

New page

{{About|the district|its eponymous headquarters|Saharsa}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2021}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Saharsa district
| settlement_type = [[List of districts of Bihar|District of Bihar]]
| total_type = Total
| native_name =
| image_skyline = A Distributary of Kosi River near Saharsa Town.jpg
| image_caption = Distributary of the [[Kosi River|Kosi]] near [[Saharsa]]
| image_map = Bihar district location map Saharsa.svg
| map_caption = Location of Saharsa district in Bihar
| coordinates =
| coor_pinpoint = Saharsa
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and union territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[Bihar]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[Administrative divisions of Bihar|Division]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Kosi division|Kosi]]
| established_title = Established
| established_date =
| seat_type = Headquarters
| seat = [[Saharsa]]
| parts_type = [[Tehsils of India|Tehsils]]
| parts_style = para
| p1 =
| area_total_km2 = 1702
| area_footnotes =
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_total = 1,900,661
| population_footnotes =
| population_urban =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[Literacy in India|Literacy]]
| demographics1_info1 = 54.57 per cent
| demographics1_title2 = Sex ratio
| demographics1_info2 = 906
| leader_title =
| leader_name =
| leader_title1 = [[Lok Sabha|Lok Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name1 = [[Saharsa (Lok Sabha constituency)|Saharsa]]
| leader_title2 = [[Vidhan Sabha|Vidhan Sabha constituencies]]
| leader_name2 = [[Sonbarsha, Saharsa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Sonbarsha]], [[Saharsa (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Saharsa]], [[Simri Bakhtiarpur (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Simri Bakhtiarpur]], [[Mahishi (Vidhan Sabha constituency)|Mahishi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +05:30
| registration_plate =
| blank_name_sec1 = [[Roads in India|Major highways]]
| blank_info_sec1 = [[National Highway 107 (India)|NH 107]]
| blank_name_sec2 =
| blank_info_sec2 =
| website = {{URL|https://saharsa.nic.in/}}
}}

'''Saharsa''' is one of the thirty-eight [[districts of Bihar]], India. [[Saharsa]] city is the administrative headquarters of this district. Saharsa district is a part of the [[Kosi Division]] and it became a district on 1 April 1954 and has subsequently become smaller with other districts being carved from it, most notably [[Madhepura district|Madhepura]] in 1981.

Saharsa is located in the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]], one of the earliest centers of Brahminical civilization in India.<ref>{{cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=rPWPT6Fr9QEC&q=saharsa+mithila&pg=PA12|title=Rural Tension in India|pages=12|isbn=9788171414161|last1=Mishra|first1=Anil Kant|year=1998}}</ref> Saharsa is considered as the heart of whole Mithila region. it is the place which gave birth to Many Legends. legends like [[Maṇḍana Miśra|Mandana Misra]], [[Laxminath Gosain (Babajee)|Laxminath Gosain]], Ubhai Bharti, etc. The region of Bangaon and Mahisi is considered one of the most civil servants producing area of the Nation. Mandan Mishra<ref name="youtube.com">https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qLdUesiPSb0</ref> whose conversation with the [[Adi Shankara|Shankaracharya]] was considered one of the most intellectual conversations in the world was done in Mahismati village,<ref name="youtube.com"/> nowadays Mahisi village of saharsa district.<ref name="youtube.com"/> During the journey of " Dharm vijay" Yatra of Sankaracharya, he visited Mahisi village of Saharsa district of Bihar which was then called Mahishmati Village and the point is, after winning in all discussions in all over the nation, He lost the Sastrartha there. So, it is said that it is the most educationally fertile land in the state.

The beauty of the Geographical privileges, historical and Cultural heritages proposes itself as the capital of [[Mithila (proposed Indian state)|Proposed Mithila State]].<ref>[[Mithila (region)]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=March 2019}}Most of the people in saharsa district speaks Maithili ( 85%) along with Angika ( 7%) and Hindi ( 8%). People of all communities residing here or belonging from here follow [[Mithila culture|maithil culture]]. Around 52% population of the saharsa district is [[Maithil Brahmin]] consisting mainly of surnames [[Jha (surname)|Jha]], [[Thakur (title)|Thakur]] and Misar ([[Mishra]])

==History==
Saharsa is part of the [[Mithila (region)|Mithila region]].<ref>{{Cite book | url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A0i94Z5C8HMC&pg=PA27 |title = Anthropology of Ancient Hindu Kingdoms: A Study in Civilizational Perspective|isbn = 9788175330344|last1 = Jha|first1 = Makhan|year = 1997}}</ref> Mithila first gained prominence after being settled by [[Indo-Aryan peoples]] who established the [[Mithila Kingdom]] (also called Kingdom of the Videhas).<ref>[[Michael Witzel]] (1989), ''Tracing the Vedic dialects in Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes'' ed. Caillat, Paris, pages 13, 17 116–124, 141–143</ref>
During the late Vedic period (c. 1100–500 BCE), Videha became one of the major political and cultural centers of South Asia, along with Kuru and Pañcāla. The kings of the Videha Kingdom were called [[Janaka]]s.<ref>{{cite book |author=Witzel, M. |author-link=Michael Witzel |year=1989 |chapter=Tracing the Vedic dialects |title=Dialectes dans les litteratures Indo-Aryennes |location=Paris |editor1-last=Caillat |editor1-first=C. |pages=141–143 |publisher=Fondation Hugot}}</ref>
The Videha Kingdom was later incorporated into the [[Vajji]] confederacy, which had its capital in the city of [[Vaishali (ancient city)|Vaishali]], which is also in Mithila.<ref>{{cite book |author=Hemchandra, R. |year=1972 |title=Political History of Ancient India |location=Calcutta |publisher=University of Calcutta}}</ref>

Earlier, the Saharsa district was part of the [[Munger district|Munger]] and [[Bhagalpur district|Bhagalpur]] districts. On 1 April 1954 it was made a district of its own. It was also made headquarters of [[Kosi division]] on 2 October 1972, comprising Saharsa, [[Purnia district|Purnia]] and [[Katihar district]], with its headquarters at Saharsa. Similarly a new Civil Sub-Division Birpur was created on 1 December 1972, consisting of 24 development blocks, including Raghopur, Chhatapur, Basantpur and Nirmali, which were previously under Supaul subdivision of the district. Two new districts, [[Madhepura district|Madhepura]] and [[Supaul district|Supaul]], were formed from Saharsa district on 30 April 1981 and 1991. Saharsa district now consists of two subdivisions, Saharsa Sadar and Simri Bakhtiarpur. The district consists of 10 development blocks and anchals each. From the archaeological evidences, it is proved that it was the major city during [[Gupta Empire|Guptas Period]].

== Geography ==
Saharsa district occupies an area of {{convert|1687|km2|sqmi}},<ref name='Reference Annual'>{{cite book | last1 = Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) | title = India 2010: A Reference Annual | chapter = States and Union Territories: Bihar: Government | edition = 54th | publisher = Additional Director General, Publications Division, [[Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India)]], [[Government of India]] | year = 2010 | location = New Delhi, India | pages = 1118–1119 | isbn = 978-81-230-1617-7}}</ref>

Saharsa district is surrounded on the west by the river [[Koshi River|Kosi]], an abundance of fish and makhana. Saharsa is famous for its varieties of mangoes and litchis.

Saharsa district comprises the following Sub-Divisions: Saharasa Sadar and Simri Bakhtiyarpur.

==Economy==
It is the major producer of best quality of [[Maize|Corn]] and [[Euryale ferox|Makhana]] in India. From Saharsa corn and Makhana are exported abroad country such as [[United States|America]], [[Australia]], [[France]], [[Japan]], [[England]]. Every year 2 lakhs tonnes of corn are exported to different country and similarly Makhana also. The following crops are grown in the region; [[Euryale ferox|Makhana]] (''Euryale ferox'' Salisb), [[rice]], [[mango]]es, [[litchi]], [[bamboo]], [[Mustard oil|mustard]], [[Maize|corn]], [[wheat]] and [[sugarcane]]. [[Teak|Sagwan]] or teak (''Tectona grandis'') trees are now grown on a large scale.

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title=Religions in Saharsa District
|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hindus]]|orange|85.72}}
{{bar percent|[[Muslims]]|green|14.03}}
{{bar percent|Not Stated|black|0.16}}
{{bar percent|Christian|blue|0.07}}
{{bar percent|Sikh|olive|0.01}}
{{bar percent|Jain|brown|0.01}}
{{bar percent|Others|grey|0.00}}
}}
According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Saharsa district has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 1,900,661,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/district.php | title = District Census 2011 | access-date =30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> This gives it a ranking of 247th in India (out of a total of [[Districts of India|640]]).<ref name=districtcensus/> The district has a population density of {{convert| 1125 |PD/sqkm|PD/sqmi}} .<ref name=districtcensus/> Its [[Family planning in India|population growth rate]] over the decade 2001–2011 was 25.79%.<ref name=districtcensus/> Saharsa has a [[sex ratio]] of 906 [[Women in India|females]] for every 1000 males,<ref name=districtcensus/> and a [[Literacy in India|literacy rate]] of 54.57%. Scheduled Castes make up 15.7% of the population.<ref name=districtcensus/>

At the time of the [[2011 Census of India]], 68.87% of the population in the district spoke [[Maithili language|Maithili]], 21.15% [[Hindi]] and 9.62% [[Urdu]] as their first language.<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/C-16.html 2011 Census of India, Population By Mother Tongue]</ref>

{{historical populations|11=1901|12=3,97,566|13=1911|14=4,09,867|15=1921|16=3,95,756|17=1931|18=4,18,762|19=1941|20=4,22,038|21=1951|22=4,89,307|23=1961|24=5,82,156|25=1971|26=7,21,202|27=1981|28=9,02,008|29=1991|30=11,32,413|31=2001|32=15,08,182|33=2011|34=19,00,661|percentages=pagr|footnote=source:<ref>[http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/PCA/A2_Data_Table.html Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901]</ref>|align=middle}}

==See also==

*[[List of villages of Saharsa]]

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

== External links ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20110430232046/http://www.allaboutbihar.com/districts/saharsa/index.php Saharsa Information Portal]
* [http://saharsa.bih.nic.in/ Official website of Saharsa]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090531073513/http://saharsa.in/ http://saharsa.in]
* [http://www.topix.com/in/saharsa Saharsa news]

{{Geographic location
|Centre = Saharsa district
|North = [[Madhubani district]]
|Northeast = [[Supaul district]]
|East = [[Madhepura district]]
|Southeast =
|South = [[Khagaria district]]
|Southwest =
|West = [[Darbhanga district]]
|Northwest =
}}

{{Districts of Bihar}}
{{Kosi Division}}
{{Kosi Division topics}}

{{coord|25|53|N|86|36|E|source:itwiki_type:adm3rd|display=title}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Saharsa District}}
[[Category:Saharsa district| ]]
[[Category:Districts of Bihar]]

Saharsa district - Revision history

JewelWoodcock19 at 03:45, 8 March 2026

imported>Rajmishrsa at 03:28, 10 August 2021