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{{Short description|Pakistani admiral, diplomat (1935–2022)}}
{{Use Pakistani English|date=July 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2022}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| honorific-prefix =
| name = Saeed Mohammad Khan
| native_name = 
| native_name_lang = 
| honorific-suffix =
| image =
| image_size =
| smallimage = 
| alt =
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| order =
| office = [[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Naval Staff]]
| term_start = 9 November 1991
| term_end = 9 November 1994
| alongside = 
| monarch =
| president =
| governor_general =
| primeminister =
| taoiseach =
| chancellor =
| governor =
| vicepresident =
| viceprimeminister =
| deputy =
| lieutenant =
| succeeding = 
| constituency =
| majority =
| predecessor = Adm. [[Yastur-ul-Haq Malik]]
| successor = Adm. [[Mansurul Haq]]
| prior_term =
| order2 = 
| office2 = Chairman of [[Pakistan National Shipping Corporation|National Shipping Corporation]]
| term_start2 = 8 November 1988
| term_end2 = 12 March 1990
| office3 = [[List of diplomatic missions of Pakistan|Pakistan Ambassador to the Netherlands]]
| primeminister3 = [[Benazir Bhutto]]
| term_start3 = 1994
| term_end3 = 1998
| pronunciation =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1935|10|01}}<ref name="Excerpts-I">{{cite web |title=Excerpts-I|year = 1994|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ZIrAAAAYAAJ&dq=saeed&pg=PA208|publisher=Excerpts-I|accessdate=25 January 2022}}</ref>
| birth_place = [[Bhopal]], [[Bhopal State]], [[British Indian Empire|British India]] (Present-day Bhopal, India)
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2022|12|04|1935|10|01}}
| death_place = [[Islamabad]], Pakistan
| citizenship =
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| party =
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| height = 
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| known_for = 
| nickname = ''Beast of the Sea''
| allegiance = {{PAK}}
| branch = [[File:Naval Jack of Pakistan.svg|20px]] [[Pakistan Navy]]
| serviceyears = 1954–1994
| rank = [[File:Admiral Pakistan Navy Insignia.JPG|20px]] [[Admiral]]
| unit = [[Pakistan Navy#Branches|Naval Operations Branch]]
| commands = Vice-Chief of Naval Staff [[Pakistan Navy#Naval Commands in Field and Commanders|Commander Pakistan Fleet]] [[Flag Officer Sea Training (Pakistan)|Flag Officer Sea Training]]
| battles = [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965]] [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]
| mawards = [[File:Order of Excellence Nishan-e-Imtiaz.png|29px]] [[Nishan-e-Imtiaz]] [[File:Star of Good Conduct Sitara-e-Basalat.png|20px]] [[Sitara-e-Basalat]]
}}

[[Admiral]] '''Saeed Mohammad Khan''' [[Nishan-e-Imtiaz|NI(M)]] [[Sitara-e-Basalat|SBt]] (1 October 1935 – 4 December 2022), was a [[Pakistan Navy]] officer who served as the [[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Naval Staff (CNS)]] of the Pakistan Navy from 9 November 1991 until retiring from his military service on 9 November 1994.<ref name="Pakistaniconnections.com">{{cite web|title=پاک بحریہ کے سربراہ۔ ایڈمرل سعید محمد خان|url=http://www.pakistanconnections.com/history/detail/1991-11-09/2207|website=www.pakistanconnections.com/|publisher=Pakistaniconnections.com|accessdate=25 January 2017|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20160324154915/http://www.pakistanconnections.com/history/detail/1991-11-09/2207|archivedate=24 March 2022}}</ref> After his retirement, he briefly served as the [[List of diplomatic missions of Pakistan|Pakistan Ambassador to the Netherlands]], having been appointed by [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] [[Benazir Bhutto]] in the 1990s.<ref name="I.B.Tauris, Khan">{{cite book|last1=Khan|first1=Shaharyar M.|title=The Begums of Bhopal: A History of the Princely State of Bhopal|date=28 July 2000|publisher=I.B.Tauris|isbn=9781860645280|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jq-g5YF1QzEC&dq=saeed+mohammed+khan+admiral&pg=PA233|accessdate=25 January 2017|language=en}}</ref>

==Biography==
===Naval career===
Saeed Mohammad Khan was born on 1 October 1935 in [[Bhopal]], [[British Indian Empire|British India]].<ref name="I.B.Tauris, Khan"/><ref>{{cite book|title=The Army Quarterly and Defence Journal|year=1994|publisher=West of England Press|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ZIrAAAAYAAJ&q=saeed+|accessdate=25 January 2017|language=en}}</ref> His family [[Indians in Pakistan|emigrated]] to [[Pakistan]] following the [[Partition of India|partition]] of India in 1947, and settled in [[Karachi]], Pakistan.<ref name="I.B.Tauris, Khan"/>

In 1954, he was [[Commissioned officer|commissioned]] as [[Midshipman]] in the Operations Branch of the [[Pakistan Navy]] and was sent to the United Kingdom to be trained at {{HMS|Dryad|shore establishment|6}} as a navigation specialist.<ref name="AuthorHouse, Anwar">{{cite book|last1=Anwar|first1=Muhammad|title=Stolen Stripes and Broken Medals: Autobiography of a Senior Naval Officer|date=2008|publisher=AuthorHouse|location=London, UK|isbn=9781425900205|pages=286|language=en}}</ref> Upon his return in 1958, he was promoted as [[sub-lieutenant]] in the Navy and served aboard [[HMS Offa (G29)|PNS ''Tariq'']] in [[Naval artillery|gunnery]].{{rp|145}}<ref name="AuthorHouse, Anwar"/> In the 1960s, he was the [[commanding officer]] of PNS ''Tariq'' and participated in the [[Indo-Pakistani War of 1965|second war]] with India in 1965 and then in the [[Indo-Pakistani war of 1971|third war]] with India in 1971 as an [[Naval artillery|artillery]] specialist and earned a nickname "Beast of the Sea" by his superiors.{{rp|149}}<ref name="AuthorHouse, Anwar"/>

===Staff appointments and Chief of naval staff===
His career in the Navy progressed well and was the [[Flag Officer Sea Training (Pakistan)|Flag Officer Sea Training]] of [[Pakistan Navy]] from 1980–84 as [[rear-admiral]].{{rp|155}}<ref name="AuthorHouse, Anwar" /> In 1984, [[Vice-Admiral]] Khan was appointed Commander of [[Pakistan Navy#Naval Commands in Field and Commanders|Pakistan Fleet]] (COMPAK) and eventually appointed [[Vice Chief of Naval Staff (India)|Vice Chief of Naval Staff]] (VCNS) under Admiral [[Yastur-ul-Haq Malik]], the [[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Naval Staff]].{{rp|416}}<ref>{{cite book|title=Jane's Fighting Ships|year=1989|publisher=Franklin Watts|isbn=9780710608864|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y9UmAQAAMAAJ&q=saeed+|accessdate=25 January 2017|language=en}}</ref> As VCNS, Vice-Admiral Khan was responsible for the naval warfare exercise and command structure of the Navy.<ref name="Pakistaniconnections.com" /> After the [[Death and state funeral of Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|death and state funeral]] of President [[Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq|Zia-ul-Haq]], Vice-Admiral Khan supported then-[[Chief of Army Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Army Staff]] General [[Mirza Aslam Beg]]'s decision for holding the [[1988 Pakistani general election|general elections]] that saw the [[Exclusive mandate|electoral victory]] of [[Benazir Bhutto]] and the [[Pakistan Peoples Party]] to form the [[Bainazir Bhuttoo Government|government]].{{rp|235}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Bhattacharya|first1=Brigadier Samir|title=NOTHING BUT!|year=2014|publisher=Partridge Publishing|isbn=9781482817324|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7GrAAgAAQBAJ&dq=saeed+mohammed+khan+admiral&pg=PA235|accessdate=25 January 2017|language=en}}</ref>

Vice-Admiral Khan was later appointed chairman of [[Pakistan National Shipping Corporation]] (PNSC) which he led from 11 November 1988 until 13 December 1990.<ref name="Pakistan National Shipping Corporation">{{cite web|title=Chairmen History|url=http://www.pnsc.com.pk/chairman-history.html|website=www.pnsc.com.pk|publisher=Pakistan National Shipping Corporation}}</ref>

Vice-Admiral Khan was promoted to [[four-star rank|four-star]] rank on 11 August 1991 by [[Prime Minister of Pakistan|Prime Minister]] Benazir Bhutto.{{rp|199}}<ref name="NYU Press, Cheema">{{cite book|last1=Cheema|first1=Pervaiz Iqbal|title=The Armed Forces of Pakistan|date=2002|publisher=NYU Press|isbn=9780814716335|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cw_gduyRv5oC&dq=yastur-ul-haq+malik+admiral&pg=PA199|accessdate=25 January 2017|language=en}}</ref> However, he was elevated as the Chief of Naval Staff when [[Yastur-ul-Haq Malik|Admiral Malik]] left the command to him on 8 November 1991.{{rp|199}}<ref name="NYU Press, Cheema"/> It was during his stint as naval chief when the [[Pressler amendment]] came in effect that ultimately led to the [[Sanctions (law)|military embargo]] on Pakistan and Navy lost eight of his surface ships that were to be returned to the United States in the 1990s.{{rp|476}}<ref name="PN Book Club Publication, Shah">{{cite book|last1=Shah|first1=Mian Zahir|title=Bubbles of Water: Or, Anecdotes of the Pakistan Navy|date=2001|publisher=PN Book Club Publication|location=Karachi, Pakistan|isbn=9789698318031|pages=487|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=goDfAAAAMAAJ&q=saeed+M+Khan+commander+pakistan|accessdate=25 January 2017|language=en}}</ref>

However, he successfully negotiated with [[Royal Navy]]'s [[First Sea Lord]] [[Julian Oswald]] who helped him close a deal with the [[British Government|British government]] to sell the fleet of [[Type 21 frigate]]s to Pakistan.{{rp|476}}<ref name="PN Book Club Publication, Shah"/> This eventually resulted in commissioning the {{Sclass|Tariq|destroyer|1}}s in the 1990s.{{rp|476}}<ref name="PN Book Club Publication, Shah"/> In an interview with [[Nawa-i-Waqt|''Times Now'']] an [[Urdu language|Urdu-language]] political correspondent, he ultimately warned of [[Indian Navy]]'s expansion into the [[blue-water navy]] in order to establish the "[[Greater India]]."<ref>{{cite web|title=Intelligence Digest|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9UnvAAAAMAAJ&q=admiral+saeed+M+Khan+blue+water+india|publisher=Intelligence International Limited|accessdate=25 January 2017|language=en|date=1 January 1994}}</ref>

In 1994, Admiral Khan is said to have recommended against acquiring the designs and development of the [[Agosta 90B-class submarine|''Agosta 90Bravo'']]-class submarines in coordination with France over the British [[Upholder/Victoria-class submarine|''Upholder''-class submarine]].<ref name="News International, 2011">{{cite news |title=PPP govt, not Navy, purchased French subs, in a deal|url=https://www.thenews.com.pk/archive/print/617254-ppp-govt,-not-navy,-purchased-french-subs,-in-a-deal|accessdate=25 January 2017|work=News International|issue=5 |date=11 October 2011|language=en}}</ref> His recommendations were bypassed by the government and the ''Agosta 90B''-class submarines were acquired and built in successive long years.<ref name="News International, 2011"/>

===Ambassadorship and retirement===
On 9 November 1994, Admiral Khan handed over the command to Admiral [[Mansurul Haq]] who was tenuring as the chairman of PNSC who was appointed by the Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto.{{rp|330}}<ref>{{cite book|last1=Rizvi|first1=Hasan Askari|title=The Military & Politics in Pakistan, 1947-1997|year=2000|publisher=Sang-e-Meel Publications|isbn=9789693511482|language=en}}</ref> After retirement from his military service, Admiral Saeed Khan was appointed the Pakistan Ambassador to the Netherlands where he tenured for four years before returning to Pakistan.<ref name="Pakistaniconnections.com" />

Khan died on 4 December 2022, at the age of 87.<ref>{{cite news |title=Ex-Pakistan Navy chief Saeed Khan passes away |url=https://www.bolnews.com/pakistan/2022/12/ex-pakistan-navy-chief-saeed-khan-passes-away/ |access-date=4 December 2022 |publisher=BOL News |date=4 December 2022}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Yastur-ul-Haq Malik]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief of Naval Staff (Pakistan)|Chief of Naval Staff]]|years=1991 – 1994}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Mansurul Haq]]}}
{{end}}

{{Pakistan Navy Staff Chief}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Khan, Saeed Mohammad}}
[[Category:1935 births]]
[[Category:2022 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Bhopal]]
[[Category:Muhajir people]]
[[Category:Pakistan Military Academy alumni]]
[[Category:Pakistani military personnel of the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971]]
[[Category:Chiefs of Naval Staff (Pakistan)]]
[[Category:Pakistan Navy admirals]]
[[Category:Ambassadors of Pakistan to the Netherlands]]

Saeed Mohammad Khan - Revision history

Bot at 23:24, 6 December 2022

Bot at 23:24, 6 December 2022