>Normal Name: Adding local short description: "Indian saint, composer of Carnatic music and philosopher", overriding Wikidata description "Saint, composer of Carnatic music and philosopher" (Shortdesc helper)

2021-06-22T21:38:30Z

Adding local short description: "Indian saint, composer of Carnatic music and philosopher", overriding Wikidata description "Saint, composer of Carnatic music and philosopher" (Shortdesc helper)

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{{Short description|Indian saint, composer of Carnatic music and philosopher}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=July 2020}}
{{Infobox saint
| name = Sadasiva Brahmendra
| image =
| imagesize =
| alt =Sadasivendra Saraswati
| caption =
| titles =
| birth_date = 17th-early 18th century
| birth_place = [[Madurai]], later moved to [[Thiruvisanallur]], [[Kumbakonam]]<ref name="carnatica">{{cite web|url=http://carnatica.net/composer/sadasivabrahmendra.htm|title=Sadasiva Brahmendra (18th Century)|accessdate=2 December 2010}}</ref>
|death_date=Apr-May 1756 (Vaishaka Sukla Dasami)
|death_place=[[Nerur (Tamil Nadu)]], near Karur, [[Tamil Nadu]]
| feast_day =
|major_shrine=Adishtanam at [[Nerur (Tamil Nadu)]], [[Manamadurai]]
| attributes =
| quote =
}}

'''Sadasiva Brahmendra''' was a [[saint]], [[composer]] of [[Carnatic music]] and [[Advaita]] philosopher who lived near [[Kumbakonam]], [[Tamil Nadu]], during the 18th century. Only a few of his compositions have survived, but they are recognised as great compositions of Carnatic music.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://hinduebooks.blogspot.com/2010/07/commentaries-of-sadasiva-brahmendra-on.html|title=Commentaries of Sadasiva Brahmendra on Brahmasutra & Yogasutra|date=2010-07-29|accessdate=2 December 2010}}</ref>

== Life ==
Sadasiva was born into a Telugu Brahmin couple Moksha Somasundara Avadhaani and Parvati.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://nerureswarartemple.tnhrce.in|title=Arulmigu Sri Sadasiva Brahmendra|author=|date=|website=nerureswarartemple.tnhrce.in}}</ref> His initial name was Sivaramakrishna. He was married at the age of 17. Sadasiva lived in [[Kumbakonam]], in [[Tamil Nadu]] in the 17th to 18th century. He went to learn vedas and other various subjects in Sanskrit in Thiruvisanallur. His contemporaries such as Sridhara Ayyavaal and Sri Bhagvan Nama Bodendral of Kanchi Kamakoti Peetam lived in the nearby areas at that time.{{fact|date=July 2020}}

Shiva ramakrishna left his home in search of Truth. He became the sishya of Sri Paramasivendra Saraswathi Swamigal. He started aathma vichara and received mahavaakya upadesas from his guru.After taking sanyasa, he is said to have wandered around, naked or semi-naked, and often in a [[trance]]-like state. He was reclusive and often meditated, and was described as being in a "supremely intoxicated state".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://saintsandgod.wordpress.com/2010/05/27/sri-sadashiva-brahmendra-the-avadhuta-%C2%A0/|title=Sri Sadashiva Brahmendra – the Avadhuta|date=27 May 2010|accessdate=2 December 2010}}</ref> He is said to have performed many miracles whilst alive, some of the most prominent are provided below. His jiva samadhi site is briefly mentioned in 'Autobiography of a Yogi', Chapter 41 by [[Paramahamsa Yogananda]].<ref>https://www.crystalclarity.com/autobiography-of-a-yogi-yogananda/chapter-41/</ref>

On the river banks of [[Cauvery]] in Mahadhanapuram, he was asked by some children to be taken to [[Madurai]], more than 100 miles away, for an annual festival. The saint asked them to close their eyes, and a few seconds later they reopened their eyes and found they were in Madurai.<ref name="Sri Sadasiva Brahmendral Biography">{{cite web|archive-date=2015-07-25|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150725110132/http://www.columbuslost.com/2013/09/sri-sadasiva-brahmendra-great-indian.html|url=http://www.columbuslost.com/2013/09/sri-sadasiva-brahmendra-great-indian.html|title=Sri Sadasiva Brahmendral Biography}}</ref> He also wrote the ''Atma Vidya Vilasa'', an [[advaitic]] work.<ref>https://www.shastras.com/vedanta-books-other/atma-vidya-vilasa/</ref>

There is an epilogue to this story. The next day, another youth, incredulous at hearing this story, asked Sadasiva to take him also to this festival. It is said that the youth immediately found himself in the distant city. When it was time to return, Sadasiva was nowhere to be found. The youth had to make his way back on foot.<ref name="crystalclarity.com">{{cite web|archive-date=2012-06-23|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120623224547/http://www.crystalclarity.com/yogananda/chap41.php|url=http://www.crystalclarity.com/yogananda/chap41.html|title=Autobiography of a Yogi by Parahamsa Yogananda|accessdate=20 June 2011}}</ref>

Whilst relaxing near a heap of grains, he began meditating. The farmer who owned the land mistook Sadasiva for a thief, and confronted him. The farmer raised his stick to hit the saint, but became a [[statue]]. He remained in this state until the morning, when Sadasiva finished meditating and smiled at the farmer. The farmer was restored to his normal state, and asked the saint for forgiveness.<ref name="Sri Sadasiva Brahmendral Biography"/>

At another time, while meditating on the banks of the [[Cauvery]] river, he was carried away by a sudden flood. Weeks later, when some villagers were digging near a mound of earth, their shovels struck his body. He woke up and walked away.<ref name="crystalclarity.com"/>

==Temple service==

He is said to have met the Raja Thondaiman of Pudukottai and initiated him into the Dakshinamurthy Mantra. He is said to have written the mantra on sand. This sand was picked up by the king and it is in the worship of the royal family till now in the Dakshinamoorthy temple inside the Pudukottai palace in [[Pudukottai]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://ananthablahblah.wordpress.com/tag/pudukottai/|title=pudukottai - ananthablahblah|author=|date=|website=ananthablahblah.wordpress.com}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://newindianexpress.com/magazine/article1306352.ece|title=Pudukkottai goes Mysore way|author=|date=|website=newindianexpress.com}}</ref>

He was responsible for installing the deity [[Punnainallur Mariamman]] near [[Thanjavur]] and guided the installation at [[Devadanapatti]] Kamakshi temple. He was also involved in the [[thanthonimalai]] Kalyana Venkatesa Perumal temple at Karur.<ref name="Sri Sadasiva Brahmendral Biography"/> He also installed the [[Hanuman]] Murthi in the Prasanna Venkateswara temple at Nalu Kal Mandapam in [[Thanjavur]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://vayusutha.in/vs4/temple30.html|title=Sri Anajaneya Swami Temple, Nalu Kal Mandapam, Thanjavur, T Nadu - VAYUSUTHA: son of Wind God Vayu - Hanuman - Anjaneya - Maruti -|first=gk|last=kaushik|date=|website=vayusutha.in}}</ref> He instructed king of Tanjore to start the [[Saraswathi Mahal Library]] which runs till date.

He also installed Lord Ganesh and a powerful Ganesh Yantra at the Thirunageshwaram [[Rahu Stalam]] temple at Kumbakonam. An inscription in the temple bears testimony to this fact. The shrine can still be seen at the entrance to the temple.

He has five [[Samadhi (shrine)|samadhis]] :
* [[Nerur (Tamil Nadu)]]
* [[Manamadurai]]
* [[Puri]]
* [[Varanasi|Kashi]]
* [[Karachi]]

Every year in Nerur and Manamadurai, music festivals are conducted in his honor. In Manamadurai his samadhi is located at the Somanathar temple<ref>http://columbuscarnatic.org/2011/10/sadasiva-brahmendra/</ref>

Sri [[Sri Sacchidananda Shivabhinava Nrusimha Bharati]], pontiff of the Sringeri Saradha Peetham had visited Nerur and composed two slokas in praise of Sri Sadasiva Bramhendra - Sadasivendra Stava and Sadasivendra Pancharatna<ref>http://www.sringeri.net/2012/07/17/stotra/guru/sri-sadashivendra-stava.htm</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sringeri.net/2012/07/16/stotra/guru/sri-sadashivendra-pancharatna-stotram.htm|title=Sri Sadashivendra Stava|author=|date=16 July 2012|website=sringeri.net}}</ref>

==Books==
He is the author of several works. The following works have been printed/published.

# Brahmasūtra-vṛtti or brahma-tattva-prakāśikā - A commentary on Brahma Sutras
# Yoga-sudhākara which is a commentary on the Yoga Sūtras of Patañjali.
# Siddhānta-kalpa-valli
# Advaita-rasa-mañjari
$ Kaivalya Amrita Bindu based on teachings of upanishads
# ātmānusandhānam
# ātma vidyā vilāsa
# Shiva mānasa pūjā
# Dakshinamurtty Dhyanam
# Swapnoditam
# Navamanimala
# Navavarnaratnamala
# Swanubhuti prakashika
# Mano niyamana
# Paramahamsa charya
# Shiva yoga Dipika
# Bodharya Prakarana
# Suta Samhita Sangraha
# Manisha Panchaka Vyakhyana (Tatparya Dipika)

The following works are ascribed to Sri Brahmendral but no printed version is available.

# Kesaravalli
# Bhagavata sara
# Saparya paryaya stavah
# Atmanatma viveka prakashika
# Gita ratnamala - A Commentary on Bhagavat Gita
# Mimamsasastraguccha-Purvamimamsa-dhikaranasamksepa

==Songs==

He also wrote several Carnatic compositions to spread the advaita [[philosophy]] among common people. These songs are renowned for depth in content as well as brevity of expression. His compositions are quite popular and can be heard frequently in [[Carnatic music]] concerts though they are not always rendered in the same raga since the same song has sometimes been set to music by various artists. Some of these are

# Ananda Purna Bodhoham Sachchidananda - [[Shankarabharanam]]
# Ananda Purna Bodhoham Satatam - [[Madhyamavati]]
# Bhajare Gopalam - [[Hindolam]]
# Bhajare Raghuviram - [[Kalyani (raga)|Kalyani]]
# Bhajare Yadunatham - Peelu
# Brahmaivaham - Nadanamakriya
# Bruhi Mukundethi - [[Gowla]], Navaroju, Kurinji, Senchurutti
# Chetah Sreeramam - Dwijavanthi / Surati <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=R7sElV5VkfE|title=Carnatic Music Lesson: Chitravina Ravikiran teaches Chetashree ramam- Surutti|first=|last=Acharyanet|date=10 February 2015|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref>
# Chinta Nasti Kila - Navroj
# Gayathi Vanamali - Gavathi, Yamuna Kalyani
# Khelathi Brahmande - Sindhubhairavi
# Khelathi Mama Hrudaye - [[Atana]]
# Kridathi Vanamali - Sindhubhairavi
# Krishna Paahi - Madhyamavati
# Manasa Sanchara Re -Sama
# Nahi Re Nahi Re - Gavathi
# Pibare Rama Rasam - Ahir Bhairav or Yamunakalyani<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MyskyOn_xNI|title=Carnatic Music Lesson: Chitravina Ravikiran teaches Pibare ramarasam- Yamunakalyani|first=|last=Acharyanet|date=10 February 2015|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref>
# Poorna Bodhoham - Kalyani
# Prativaram Varam - [[Hanumatodi|Todi]]
# Sarvam Bramha Mayam - Mishra Sivaranjani
# Smaravaram - Jog or Sindhubhairavi <ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dvPdtAMkcvI|title=Carnatic Music Lesson: Chitravina Ravikiran teaches Smaravaram varam - Sindubhairavi|first=|last=Acharyanet|date=11 February 2015|publisher=|via=YouTube}}</ref>
# Sthiratha Nahi Nahire - [[Amruthavarshini]]
# Tatvat Jeevitham - [[Keeravani]]
# Tunga Tarange Gange - [[Hamsadhwani]]

<ref name="carnatica" /><ref>{{cite web|url=http://satyasense.blogspot.com/2010/02/sadasiva-brahmendra-compositions.html|title=Satya's Blog: Sadasiva Brahmendra Compositions|first=|last=Satya|date=24 February 2010|website=satyasense.blogspot.com}}</ref>

==In the movies==

Character of Sadasiva Bramhendra is portrayed in the Tamil movie Mahashakti Mariamman

==In popular culture==

[http://mahaperiyavapuranam.org/category/purvaashramam/sst/ Sivan Sar] has written a detailed life history of Sri Brahmendral in his book "Yenipadigalil Manthargal",

Tamil writer [[Balakumaran]] has written a novel Thozhan based on the life of Sri Sadasiva Brahmendra.

==See also==
*[[Sadasiva Brahmendra Swami Temple]]

== References ==
{{reflist}}

==sources==

==Printed Sources==
Sadasiva Brahman, the Silent Sage, Cuttān̲anta Pāratiyār , 1967 - <ref>https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Sadasiva_Brahman_the_Silent_Sage/zVkqAAAAYAAJ</ref>

==External links==
* [http://www.srikailashaashramam.org/index.html Sri Kailasha Ashramam ] {{in lang|en}}
* [http://www.kamakoti.org/kamakoti/articles/Preceptors%20of%20Advaita%20-%2049.html SADASIVA BRAHMENDRA SARASVATI by N. RAGHUNATHAN M.A., B.L.] {{in lang|en}}
* [http://www.spiritualbangalore.com/santa-shreshta-sadasiva-bramhendra-and-his-miracles/ Santa Shreshta Sadasiva Bramhendra and his miracles ] {{in lang|en}}

==Further reading==
Brahmatatvaprakasika nama Brahmasutravrttih - http://www.dkagencies.com/doc/from/1023/to/1123/bkId/DK8263321716226271789703045171/details.html

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Brahmendra, Sadasiva}}
[[Category:Carnatic composers]]
[[Category:18th-century Hindu religious leaders]]
[[Category:People from Thanjavur district]]
[[Category:Scholars from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:1755 deaths]]
[[Category:Advaita Vedanta]]
[[Category:Advaitin philosophers]]
[[Category:Indian Hindu monks]]

Sadasiva Brahmendra - Revision history

>Normal Name: Adding local short description: "Indian saint, composer of Carnatic music and philosopher", overriding Wikidata description "Saint, composer of Carnatic music and philosopher" (Shortdesc helper)