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{{short description|Group of Eastern Indo-Aryan languages}}
{{Distinguish|text=the [[Sudanic language]]}}
{{Infobox language family
| name = Sadanic
| region = [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]
| ethnicity = [[Sadan peoples]]
| familycolor = Indo-European
| glotto = sada1243
| glottoname = Sadanic
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo-Iranian]]
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo-Aryan]]
| fam4 = [[Eastern Indo-Aryan languages|Eastern]]
| fam5 = [[Bihari languages|Bihari]]
| child1 = [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]]/Panchpargania
| child2 = [[Nagpuri language|Nagpuri]]
| child3 =
}}

The '''Sadanic languages''' are [[Bihari languages]] in the [[Indo-Aryan languages]]. The languages are mostly spoken in the [[Jharkhand]] state of India.<ref name="Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics">{{Cite journal|last1=Paudyal|first1=Netra P.|last2=Peterson|first2=John|date=2020-09-01|title=How one language became four: the impact of different contact-scenarios between "Sadani" and the tribal languages of Jharkhand|journal=Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics|language=en|volume=7|issue=2|pages=275–306|doi=10.1515/jsall-2021-2028|issn=2196-078X|doi-access=free}}</ref>

According to the [[2011 Census of India]], the Sadanic languages had 5.7 million native speakers:  5.1 million [[Nagpuri language|Nagpuri]] (including 4.3 million [[Sadri language|Sadri]]), 0.3 million [[Kurmali language|Kurmali Thar]], and 0.2 million [[Panchpargania language|Panch Pargania]].<ref>{{cite report|title=LANGUAGE (PAPER 1 OF 2018)-CENSUS OF INDIA 2011 |publisher=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India |url=https://censusindia.gov.in/nada/index.php/catalog/42458/download/46089/C-16_25062018.pdf}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The [[Nagpuri language]] is known as Sadani as the native language of the [[Sadan people]], the Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group of Chotanagpur. Sadani also referred to closely related Indo-Aryan languages of Jharkhand such as Nagpuri, [[Panchpargania]], [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]] and [[Khortha language|Khortha]]. The origin of the word Sadan is somewhat obscure.<ref name="Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics"/><ref name="auto">{{cite web|url=https://www.academia.edu/7294382|title=Sadani / Sadri|publisher=academia.edu|author=Savita Kiran, John Peterson|access-date=5 October 2022}}</ref>

==History==
The Indo Aryan languages of Jharkhand such as [[Nagpuri language|Nagpuri]], [[Panchpargania]], [[Kurmali language|Kurmali]], and [[Khortha language|Khortha]] are known as Sadani languages. Earlier linguists had classified these languages as dialects of [[Bhojpuri language|Bhojpuri]] and [[Magahi language|Magahi]], but recent research suggests that these languages developed from a single ancestor language and are closer to each other than to other Bihari languages. Their differences are due to their geographical distribution and contact with different tribal [[Munda languages]].<ref name="Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics"/>

According to scholars, the Sadri/Nagpuri language was in contact with the [[Mundari language]]. Due to widespread use as a [[lingua franca]], it lost [[ergativity]] as Munda languages have no ergativity. It gained attributive possession between alienable and inalienable in third person possessor. It lacks loan words from Dravidian and Austroasiatic languages but contributed countless loan words in its contact languages. According to Abbi (1997), Indo-Aryan languages influenced Dravidian and Austroasiatic languages. The converse marker of [[Kharia language|Kharia]] (-ke, -kon) and [[Kurukh language|Kurukh]] (-ki) is due to influence from Indo-Aryan language.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=PSFBDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA316|title=The Languages and Linguistics of South Asia: A Comprehensive Guide|publisher=Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG|author=Hans Henrich Hock, Elena Bashir|page=316|year=2016|isbn=978-3110423303}}</ref>

Panchparganiya does not have large numbers of loan words. It retain its morphological ergativity and did not develop an alienable or inalienable distinction in attributive possession.<ref name="Journal of South Asian Languages and Linguistics"/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}
==Further reading==
*{{Cite book |editor-last=Sengupta |editor-first=Nirmal |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=iYoeAAAAMAAJ |title=Fourth World Dynamics, Jharkhand |date=1982 |publisher=Authors Guild Publications |language=en |archive-url=https://archive.org/details/fourth-world-dynamics-jharkhand-1-ed_compress |archive-date=8 November 2022}}

[[Category:Languages of India]]
[[Category:Eastern Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:Bihari languages]]
[[Category:Languages listed as Hindi dialects in latest census]]

Sadanic languages - Revision history

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