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removed Category:Gothic Revival church buildings; added Category:Gothic Revival church buildings in India using HotCat

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{{short description|Church in Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India}}
{{Infobox church
| name = Sacred Heart Catholic Church
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| image = Catholic Church of the Sacred Heart, Mathura.png
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| caption = Sacred Heart Catholic Church at the time of its construction<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP.160">{{cite book |last1=Growse |first1=Frederic Salmon |title=Mathurá: A district memoir|date=1883 |publisher=North-western provinces and Oudh government Press |location=Allahabad |pages=160–162 |url=https://archive.org/details/mathurdistrict00growrich/page/n203/mode/2up}}</ref>
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| coordinates = {{Coord|27|29|03.7|N|77|41|40.3|E|display=inline,title}}
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| location = [[Mathura]]
| country = India
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| denomination = [[Catholic Church|Roman Catholic]]
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| founded date = 1874
| founder = [[Frederic Growse]]
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The '''Sacred Heart Catholic Church''' is an architecturally notable church in [[Mathura]], Uttar Pradesh, India. The design combines [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic principles]], Indian craftsmanship, and a Russian dome.

It was built in the 1870s by [[Frederic Growse]], a British civil servant and convert to Catholicism, on the site of a shed which had previously been used as a Catholic chapel. Growse paid a third of the cost, with donations also being received from the bankers Seth Lachhman Das and Seth Lakhmi Chand, and others. The [[Persian carpet]] covering the steps of the [[altar]] was given by [[John W. Tyler]], and the [[stations of the cross]] came from the [[10th Royal Hussars]]. Examples of local art are seen in the carvings on its doorways, [[Tracery|window traceries]] and the kiosks by the dome. Growse intended it for a mixed congregation of Europeans and Indians.

==Origins==
The first stone was laid on 18 January 1874, on the site of a shed which had been used as a Catholic chapel dedicated to [[St Francis of Assisi|St Francis Apostle of the Poor]].<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP.160"/> Mathura already had an [[Anglican church]], built in the [[Italianate architecture|Italianate style]], for the use of British troops stationed there.<ref name="Metcalf1984">{{cite journal |last1=Metcalf |first1=Thomas R. |title=Architecture and the Representation of Empire: India, 1860–1910 |journal=Representations |date=1984 |issue=6 |page=59 |doi=10.2307/2928537 |jstor=2928537 |url=https://www.jstor.org/stable/2928537?read-now=1&refreqid=excelsior%3A3c9edefb814049bdefd17d1e5713870f&seq=23#page_scan_tab_contents |issn=0734-6018|url-access=subscription}}</ref> Frederic Growse, [[Indian Civil Service|an officer]] posted to Mathura in the 1870s who had converted to [[Catholicism]],<ref name=OUI1893/> was an enthusiast for Indian arts and crafts, and set out to plan a Catholic church in that style.<ref name="Metcalf1984"/><ref name="Metcalfe1989">{{cite book |last1=Metcalfe |first1=Thomas R. |title=An Imperial Vision: Indian architecture and Britain's Raj|date=1989 |publisher=University of California Press |location=Berkeley |isbn=0-520-06235-3 |pages=55–56 |url=https://archive.org/details/AnImperialVision/page/n17/mode/2up?q=growse}}</ref><ref name=JRAS1893>[https://www.jstor.org/stable/25197161 "Notes of the Quarter (April, May, June, 1893) III Obituary Notices"], ''[[Journal of the Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland]]'', July 1893, pp. 650–652.</ref>

==Design and construction==
[[File:Interior of the Catholic Church.png|thumb|Interior view.<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP417">[https://archive.org/details/mathurdistrict00growrich/page/418/mode/2up Growse, 1883, pp. 417–418.]</ref>]]
The church's grounds and general proportions were planned according to [[Gothic Revival architecture|Gothic principles]], while the rest of the church is "purely oriental in design".<ref name="Metcalf1984"/> Examples of local art are seen in the carvings on its doorways, the [[Tracery|window traceries]] and the kiosks by the dome.<ref name="Metcalf1984"/> Growse initially proposed to design the dome based on the [[Hindu temple architecture|spire of the Hindu temple]] Madan Mohan, at [[Brindaban]], but fearing opposition, changed his plan and designed it in the [[Russian church architecture|Russian style]] instead.<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP.160"/><ref name="Metcalf1984"/> After the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857]], attempts to introduce [[Indo-Saracenic architecture]] was seen by the [[British Raj|British in India]] as controversial.<ref name="Metcalf1984"/><ref name="Growse1883MathuraP15"/>

Growse regarded the church as unfinished, due to his forced removal from his post at Mathura to serve in another district.<ref name="Metcalfe1989"/>

==Contributors==
Frederic Growse paid one third of the cost of the church,<ref name=OUI1893>[https://books.google.com/books?id=AGAaAQAAIAAJ&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA223 "Obituary"], ''[[The Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review and Oriental and Colonial Record]]'', New Series, Vol. VI, Nos. 11 & 12 (1893). pp. 223–225.</ref> and donations were also received from the bankers [[Seth Lachhman Das]] and [[Seth Lakhmi Chand]],<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP15">[https://archive.org/details/mathurdistrict00growrich/page/n33/mode/2up Growse, 1883, pp. 15–16.]</ref> Captain Boyce Combe, the Lord Bishop of Agra, Seth Gobind Das, and others.<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP417"/> The crucifix was donated by [[Marquess of Lothian|Lord Ralph Kerr]], the [[Persian carpet]] covering the steps of the [[altar]] was given by John W. Tyler, the stations of the cross came from the 10th Royal Hussars, and the crystal chandelier for the choir from John Ellis of Agra.<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP417"/> Lala Badri Prasad donated a marble chair, Lala Ratan Lal gave the font, and Seth Raghunath Das donated a further marble chair and chandelier.<ref name="Growse1883MathuraP417"/>

==Reception==
Growse was proud of the church, saying that visitors would "immediately understand that it was a Catholic Church, built in an eastern country for the use of a mixed congregation of Europeans and orientals" that mixed "oriental and western ideas".<ref name=met101>Metcalfe, 1989, p. 101.</ref> He reproduced favourable press comments in the reprint of his book ''Mathurá: A district memoir''.<ref name=met101/>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==

* {{commons category inline|Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Mathura)}}

[[Category:Gothic Revival church buildings in India]]
[[Category:Roman Catholic churches in Uttar Pradesh]]
[[Category:Mathura]]
[[Category:Churches completed in the 1870s]]

Sacred Heart Catholic Church (Mathura) - Revision history

imported>Spokoyni: removed Category:Gothic Revival church buildings; added Category:Gothic Revival church buildings in India using HotCat