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	{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}		{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}
	~~{{Portal\|Environment/Selected biography}}~~

	{{Authority control}}		{{Authority control}}

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{{short description|Indian environmentalist}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2021}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2020}}
{{Infobox person|
| name = Saalumarada Thimmakka
|birth_date = {{Birth based on age as of date|105|2016|11|23}}<ref>{{cite news |title=109-110-year-old Karnataka environmentalist Saalumarada Thimmakka on BBC's list of top 100 women |url=https://www.thenewsminute.com/article/105-year-old-karnataka-environmentalist-saalumarada-thimmakka-bbcs-list-top-100-women-53319 |access-date=27 September 2020 |work=The News Minute |date=23 November 2016 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sharma |first1=Maya |title=107-Year-Old "Mother Of Trees" Spreads The Message Of Conservation |url=https://www.ndtv.com/karnataka-news/saalumarada-thimmakka-107-year-old-mother-of-trees-spreads-the-message-of-conservation-2063025 |access-date=27 September 2020 |work=NDTV.com |date=2 July 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=Sudevan |first1=Praveen |title=Meet Thimmakka, the 107-year-old Padma Shri awardee known for her environmental work |url=https://www.thehindu.com/sci-tech/energy-and-environment/each-tree-is-like-a-child-to-me-thimmakka/article26664322.ece |access-date=27 September 2020 |work=The Hindu |date=28 March 2019 |language=en-in}}</ref>
|birth_place = Gubbi Taluk [[Tumakuru district|Tumkur]],<br />[[Kingdom of Mysore]]<br />{{small|(in present-day [[Karnataka]], India)}}<ref name="About Thimmakka">{{cite web|title=About Thimmakka |url=http://thimmakkafoundation.org/about%20thimmakka.html |website=thimmakkafoundation.org|publisher=Thimmakka Foundation|access-date=14 November 2017}}</ref>
| death_date =
| image = Saalumarada Thimmakka, 2011 (cropped).jpg
| image_caption = Thimmakka in 2011
| mother =
| occupation = [[Environmentalist]]
| spouse = Bikaalu Chikkaiah
| children = 1
| awards = [[Padma Shri]] {{small|(2019)}}
}}

'''Saalumarada Thimmakka''', also known as '''Aala Marada Thimmakka''', is an Indian [[environmentalist]] from the [[States and territories of India|state]] of [[Karnataka]], noted for her work in planting and tending to 385 [[banyan]] trees along a four-kilometre stretch of highway between [[Hulikal]] and [[Kudur]]. She has also planted nearly 8000 other trees.<ref>{{Cite news|date=16 March 2019|last=PTI|url=https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/watch-when-mother-of-trees-saalumarada-thimmakka-blessed-president-ram-nath-kovind-2008623|title=Watch: When The "Mother Of Trees" Blessed President Ram Nath Kovind|work=NDTV.com|access-date=16 March 2019}}</ref> With the support of her husband, she found solace in [[planting trees]].

She received no formal education and worked as a casual labourer in a nearby quarry.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.goodnewsindia.com/Pages/content/inspirational/thimmakka.html|title=The 300 trees of Thimmakka and Chikkanna.|website=www.goodnewsindia.com|access-date=14 February 2020}}</ref><ref name="outlook">A biography of Thimmakka is provided by {{cite web|url=http://www.outlookindia.com/mad.asp?fname=making_a_difference.htm&subsubsec=Bangalore&synopsis=Environment&fodname=19990503&personname=Saalumarada+Thimmakka|title=Thimmakka's Green Crusade Transforms Heat-And-Dust Hulikal|author=B. R. Srikanth|work=Online Edition of The Outlook, dated 1999-05-03|publisher=© Outlook Publishing (India) Private Limited|access-date=23 May 2007|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080218133038/http://www.outlookindia.com/mad.asp?fname=making%5Fa%5Fdifference%2Ehtm&subsubsec=Bangalore&synopsis=Environment&fodname=19990503&personname=Saalumarada+Thimmakka|archive-date=18 February 2008}}</ref> Her work has been honoured with the National Citizen's Award of India. Her work was recognised by the Government of India and she was conferred with Padma Shri in 2019.

A U.S. environmental organisation based in [[Los Angeles]] and [[Oakland]], [[California]] called ''Thimmakka's Resources for Environmental Education'' is named after her.<ref name="org">{{cite web|url=http://www.thimmakka.org/aboutus/us_r.html|title=About Thimmakka|work=Online Webpage of Thimmakka.org|publisher=Thimmakka's Resources for Environmental Education|access-date=23 May 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061231185555/http://thimmakka.org/aboutus/us_r.html  |archive-date = 31 December 2006}}</ref> [[Central University of Karnataka]] has announced an honorary doctorate for Thimmakka in the year 2020.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://kannada.asianetnews.com/amp/state/saalumarada-thimmakka-among-5-selected-by-cuk-honorary-doctorate-rbj-qh0ipa#aoh=16010887594495&referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com&amp_tf=From%20%251%24s|title=ಕೇಂದ್ರೀಯ ವಿಶ್ವವಿದ್ಯಾಲಯದಿಂದ ಸಾಲುಮರದ ತಿಮ್ಮಕ್ಕ ಸೇರಿ ಐವರಿಗೆ ಗೌರವ ಡಾಕ್ಟರೇಟ್|language=kn|trans-title=Central University announces Honorary Doctorate for Thimmakka and others |work=Suvarna news |date=21 September 2020|access-date=26 September 2020}}</ref>

==Early life==
Thimmakka was born in Gubbi Taluk, Tumukuru District in Karnataka. She was married at the age of 12 to Chikkaiah, a native of Hulikal village in the [[Magadi]] [[taluk]] of [[Ramanagara district|Ramanagara]] district in [[Karnataka]]. She received no formal education and worked as a casual labourer in a nearby quarry. The couple could not have children. It is said that Thimmakka started to plant banyan trees in lieu of children.<ref name="child">Thimmakka started to plant banyan trees to overcome the grief of being childless: {{cite web|url=http://www.ibnlive.com/news/woman-plants-trees-village-thrives/35476-3.html|author=Priyanjana Dutta|title=Woman plants trees, village thrives |work=Online webpage of Ibnlive.com|access-date=23 May 2007}}</ref> The name word ''Saalumarada'' (''row of trees'' in the [[Kannada language]]) is how she was referred to because of her work.

[[File:Trees planted by Salumarada Thimmakka mapped on OSM.png|thumb|Trees planted by Salumarada Thimmakka along SH94 from Hulikal to Kuduru village]]

==Achievement==
Ficus (banyan) trees were aplenty near Thimmakka's village. Thimakka and her husband started grafting saplings from these trees. Ten saplings were grafted in the first year and they were planted along a distance of 5 km near the neighbouring village of Kudur. 15 saplings were planted in the second year and 20 in the third year.<ref name="plant">Planting of tree by Thimmakka and the Chikkaiah is mentioned by {{cite web|url=http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20020715&filename=gra&sec_id=11&sid=1|author=Malini Shankat|title=A mother's love|work=Online webpage of DownToEarth.org|publisher=©2004 Society for Environmental Communications|access-date=23 May 2007 |archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20070928003240/http://www.downtoearth.org.in/full6.asp?foldername=20020715&filename=gra&sec_id=11&sid=1  |archive-date = 28 September 2007}}</ref> She used her meager resources for planting these trees.<ref name="child" /> The couple used to carry four pails of water for a distance of four kilometres to water the saplings. They were also protected from grazing cattle by fencing them with thorny shrubs.

The saplings were planted mostly during [[monsoon]] season so that sufficient rainwater would be available for them to grow. By the onset of the next monsoons, the saplings had invariably taken root.<ref name="plant" /> In total, 384 trees were planted, and their asset value has been assessed at around 1.5 million [[Indian rupee|rupees]].<ref name=" outlook" /> The management of these trees have now been taken over by the [[Government of Karnataka]].
<ref name="child" />

The 385 banyan trees planted and nurtured by her came under threat of being chopped down for the widening of Bagepalli-Halaguru road in 2019. Thimmakka requested the Chief Minister HD Kumaraswamy and Deputy Chief Minister G Parameshwara to reconsider the project. As a result, the government decided to look for alternatives to save the 70 years old trees.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.shethepeople.tv/news/107-year-old-thimakka-karnataka-cm-not-axe-trees|title=How 107-Year-Old Thimakka Convinced Karnataka CM To Not Axe Trees|last=Das|first=Ria|date=4 June 2019|website=SheThePeople TV|language=en-US|access-date=5 June 2019}}</ref>

==Awards==
For her achievement, Thimmakka has been conferred with the following awards and citations:
[[File:Padma Shri Saalumarada Thimakka.jpg|thumb|The President, Shri Ram Nath Kovind presenting the Padma Shri Award to Saalumarada Thimakka, at an Investiture Ceremony, at Rashtrapati Bhavan, in New Delhi on 16 March 2019]]

* [[Padma Shri]] award - 2019
* Nadoja Award By Hampi University- 2010
* National Citizen's award - 1995<ref name=plant/>
* [[Indira Priyadarshini Vrikshamitra Awards]] - 1997<ref name=plant/>
* Veerachakra Prashasthi Award - 1997
* Honour Certificate from the Women and Child Welfare Department, [[Government of Karnataka]]
* Certificate of Appreciation from the Indian Institute of Wood Science and Technology, [[Bangalore]].
* Karnataka Kalpavalli Award - 2000
* Godfrey Phillips Bravery Award - 2006.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hindu.com/2006/03/26/stories/2006032619010200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070809022317/http://www.hindu.com/2006/03/26/stories/2006032619010200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=9 August 2007|title=Unsung heroes' hour of glory|access-date=23 May 2007|location=Chennai, India|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=26 March 2006}}</ref>
* Vishalakshi Award by [[Art of Living Foundation|Art of Living]] Organisation
* Vishwathma Award by [http://www.hoovinahole.org Hoovinahole] Foundation -2015
* One of [[100 Women (BBC)|BBC's 100 Women]] in 2016<ref>[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-38012048 2016], BBC, Retrieved 26 November 2016</ref>
* Honoured with She's Divine Award by I and You Being Together Foundation 2017
* Parisara Rathana award
* Green champion award
* Vrikshamatha award

==Current activity==
[[File:Saalu Marada Thimakka.jpg|thumb|Thimmakka with members of Campus Friend of India on [[World Environment Day]], 2015]]

Thimmakka's husband died in 1991.<ref name="bio">{{cite web|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/12/01/stories/2003120101760100.htm|archive-url=https://archive.today/20050421135538/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/mp/2003/12/01/stories/2003120101760100.htm|url-status=usurped|archive-date=21 April 2005|title=Mother of 400|author=Deepa Ganesh|work=Online webpage of The Hindu, dated 2003-12-01|publisher=2003, The Hindu|access-date=23 May 2007}}</ref> Today, Thimmakka is invited to many [[afforestation]] programs in India.<ref name="outlook"/> She has also been involved in other social activity like constructing a tank to store rainwater for the annual fair held in her village. She also has a dream of constructing a hospital in her village in remembrance of her husband and a trust has been set up for this purpose.<ref name="outlook"/> In 1999, a documentary titled ''Thimmakka Mathu 284 Makkalu'' was made on her work and it featured in the 2000 [[International Film Festival of India]].<ref name="dh2000">{{cite web |last1=Srinivasa |first1=Srikanth |title=Thimmakka... goes to IFFI |url=http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/jan16/iffi.htm |publisher=Deccan Herald |access-date=27 September 2020 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20000608004824/http://www.deccanherald.com/deccanherald/jan16/iffi.htm |archive-date=8 June 2000 |date=16 January 2000}}</ref> She underwent a hip surgery in December 2020 and was announced to be successful.<ref>{{Cite web|date=10 December 2020|title=109-year-old activist Saalumarada Thimmaka undergoes hip surgery|url=https://www.deccanherald.com/city/life-in-bengaluru/109-year-old-activist-saalumarada-thimmaka-undergoes-hip-surgery-925565.html|access-date=11 December 2020|website=Deccan Herald|language=en}}</ref>

==BBC recognition==
In 2016, Saalumarada Thimmakka was listed by British Broadcasting Corporation as [[BBC 100 Women|one of the most influential and inspirational women of the world]].<ref>{{cite news |title=105-Year-Old Woman From Karnataka Who Planted More Than 8000 Trees Is In BBC's Most Influential Women List |url=https://thelogicalindian.com/story-feed/get-inspired/saalumarada-thimmakka/ |access-date=14 February 2020 |work=thelogicalindian.com |date=24 November 2016 |language=en}}</ref>

==Alleged misuse of name==
Delhi settled comedian, Vasu Ritu Primlani has been accused by Thimmakka of misusing her name. Ms. Thimmakka had filed a private complaint before the Ramanagara Judicial Magistrate First Class (JFMC) court on 9 May against a non-resident Indian, Ritu Primlani, for running the organisation named after her for at least 14 years without her consent or knowledge.<ref>{{cite news|title=NRI accused of misusing Thimmakka's name|url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-karnataka/nri-accused-of-misusing-thimmakkas-name/article6006991.ece|access-date=10 July 2014|agency=The Hindu}}</ref>

In 2014, the High Court of Karnataka adjudicated in Ms Primlani's favour, stating that 'if all the charges against Ms Primlani were true, they still won't amount to a crime', and that this prosecution. See State of Karnataka Vs. Ritu Primlani. Ms Thimmakka had, in fact, met Ms Primlani in 2003, when Ms Primlani had made the effort to visit her, and Ms Thimmakka had stated she was 'delighted' that Ms Primlani had named an organisation after her to honour her.

Primlani had started the non-profit organisation more than a decade prior to the allegations.<ref>{{cite web|title=Ashoka Innovators For The Public: Ritu Primlani|url=https://www.ashoka.org/fellow/ritu-primlani|website=ASHOKA INNOVATORS FOR THE PUBLIC}}</ref> Thimmakka's adopted son, Umesh has claimed that the organisation misuses her name to collect donations. Ms Primlani had visited Thimmakka back in 2003 where photos were taken of her gifting Thimmakka with a saree. Now she is said to have allegedly taken Thimmakka's fingerprints, while she says Thimmakka okayed the non-profit back than in front of a judge.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bangaloremirror.indiatimes.com/bangalore/others/comedian-Vasu-Primlani-environmentalist-Thimmakka-Ramanagara-Police-Saalumarada-Thimmakka-JFMC-Raghavendra-Auradkar-CBI-Marilyn-H-Mackel/articleshow/37970218.cms|title=Police in mufti at show scares comedian|website=Bangalore Mirror|access-date=14 February 2020}}</ref>

Following the complaint, a policeman arrived at Alliance Francaise and Jagriti in Bangalore, venues where Ms Primlani was performing her shows, to take her into custody. Ms Primlani claims that she was taken into custody by a male policeman, after dark, which is against the law. She says that a dozen policemen had arrived at the venue though they did not disrupt her show. She claims to be harassed by Thimmakka's lawyers with written threats, which is an indication of extortion.

Though Thimmakka herself was mostly available for comment, she mentioned her meagre pension of Rs. 400 and has been quoted "What if there is a misuse and my name is tarnished?". Thimmakka has been of ill health lately and the treatment has taken a toll on her financial situation.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.deccanherald.com/content/388643/039saalumarada039-thimmakka-ill-financial-mess.html|title='Saalumarada' Thimmakka ill, in financial mess|access-date=14 February 2020}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Specific details about the mission ==
{{Commons category|Saalumarada Thimmakka}}
* [http://www.goodnewsindia.com/Pages/content/inspirational/thimmakka.html Thimmakka and Chikkanna were mocked - now their 300 trees serve and smile back]
* [http://qph.is.quoracdn.net/main-qimg-eb880f42ac674c3c4c32cdae8b956264 image of Saalumarada Thimmakka on qph.is.quoracdn.net]
* [http://thimmakkafoundation.org/ Saalumarada Thimmakka International Foundation.org]

{{Padma Shri Award Recipients in Social Work}}
{{Portal|Environment/Selected biography}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Thimmakka}}
[[Category:Indian environmentalists]]
[[Category:People from Bangalore]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:1910s births]]
[[Category:People from Belagavi district]]
[[Category:Indian women environmentalists]]
[[Category:Women from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Activists from Karnataka]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:20th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:People from Ramanagara district]]
[[Category:BBC 100 Women]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Padma Shri in social work]]

Saalumarada Thimmakka - Revision history

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103.197.112.33 at 06:47, 2 January 2022