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{{Short description|British merchant steamship}}
{{Use British English|date=January 2024}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2024}}
{{Infobox ship
|section1={{Infobox ship/image
|image=
|image_caption=
}}

|section2={{Infobox ship/career
|hide_header=
|country= United Kingdom
|flag= {{shipboxflag|United Kingdom|civil}}
|name= ''Warora''
|namesake= [[Warora]]
|owner= [[British India Steam Navigation Company|British India SN Co]]
|operator=
|registry= [[Glasgow]]
|route=
|ordered=
|builder= [[Alexander Stephen and Sons|A Stephen & Sons]], [[Linthouse]]
|original_cost=
|yard_number= 296
|laid_down=
|launched= 18 August 1887
|completed=
|maiden_voyage=
|refit=
|identification= *UK [[official number]] 95004
*[[code letters]] KNLG
*{{ICS|Kilo}}{{ICS|November}}{{ICS|Lima}}{{ICS|Golf}}
|fate= scrapped 1911
|notes=
}}

|section3={{Infobox ship/characteristics
|hide_header=
|header_caption=
|type= [[cargo ship]]
|tonnage= {{GRT|3920}}, {{NRT|2554}}
|length= {{cvt|350.0|ft|abbr=on}}
|beam= {{cvt|47.2|ft|abbr=on}}
|height=
|draught= {{convert|1|ft|0|in|1|abbr=on}}
|depth= {{cvt|20.3|ft|abbr=on}}
|decks= 2
|power= 311 [[Horsepower#Nominal horsepower|NHP]]
|propulsion= *1 × [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|triple-expansion engine]]
*1 × [[Propeller|screw]]
|sail_plan= 2-masted [[schooner]]
|speed= {{convert|11|kn|km/h}}
|capacity= 34 × 1st class passengers
|troops=
|crew=
|complement=
|notes= [[sister ship]]: {{SS|Wardha||2}}
}}
}}

'''SS ''Warora''''' was a [[Merchant ship|merchant]] [[steamship]] that was built in Scotland in the 1880s and scrapped in [[British Raj|India]] in 1911. She was one of a pair of [[sister ship]]s that were designed for a [[Liverpool]] shipping company to carry cotton, but completed for the [[British India Steam Navigation Company]] (BI) to carry sugar. In 1899 she carried troops and [[Horses in warfare|cavalry horses]] for the [[Second Boer War]]. She was a [[Troopship|troop ship]] again in the [[Boxer Rebellion]].

She was the first of three BI ships to be named after the city of [[Warora]] in the [[Central Provinces]]. The second was a steamship that was launched in 1917 and scrapped in 1939.{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=132}} The third was a [[motor ship]] that was launched in 1948 and scrapped in 1972.{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=165}}

==Building==
In 1884 [[Alexander Stephen and Sons]] of [[Linthouse]], [[Glasgow]], laid down a pair of cargo ships for Hume, Smith and Company of [[Port of Liverpool|Liverpool]]. Their [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] was relatively broad in proportion to their length, as they were designed to carry baled cotton from [[Port of New Orleans|New Orleans]] to Liverpool. While they were being built, Hume, Smith went into liquidation, leaving yard numbers 295 and 296 incomplete.{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=70}}

The two incomplete hulls lay in Stephen's shipyard until 1887, when BI had them completed. 295 was launched on 7 July as {{SS|Wardha||2}}, followed by 296 on 18 August as ''Warora''.{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=70}}

''Warora''{{'}}s registered length was {{cvt|350.0|ft|abbr=on}}, her [[Beam (nautical)|beam]] was {{cvt|47.2|ft|abbr=on}} and her depth was {{cvt|20.3|ft|abbr=on}}. Her [[tonnage]]s were {{GRT|3920}} and {{NRT|2554}}.{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register'' 1888|loc=WAR}} She had berths for 34 first class passengers.<ref name=NMH-1891-0506>{{cite news |title=The B.I.S.N. Warora. |newspaper=[[The Newcastle Herald|The Newcastle Morning Herald and Miners Advocate]] |date=6 May 1891 |page=4 |place=Newcastle |via=[[Trove]] |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/136066374}}</ref>

She had a single screw, driven by a three-cylinder [[Marine steam engine#Triple or multiple expansion|triple-expansion engine]] that was rated at 311 [[Horsepower#Nominal horsepower|NHP]]{{sfn|''Lloyd's Register'' 1911|loc=WAR}} and gave her a speed of {{convert|11|kn|km/h}}. Her [[steering engine]] and her winches on deck were steam-powered. She was equipped with electric light throughout.<ref name=NMH-1891-0506/> She had two masts,{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=70}} and was rigged as a [[schooner]].<ref name=NMH-1891-0506/>

==Career==
BI [[Ship registration|registered]] ''Warora'' at [[Glasgow]]. Her [[United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland|United Kingdom]] [[official number]] was 95004 and her [[code letters]] were KNLG.{{sfn|''Mercantile Navy List'' 1888|p=199}} BI at first used both ''Wardha'' and ''Warora'' to import sugar from [[British Mauritius|Mauritius]] to [[British Raj|India]].{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=70}}

In 1891 ''Warora'' made her first voyage to Australia.<ref name=NMH-1891-0506/> She left [[Port of Kolkata|Calcutta]] on 1 May, with a cargo that included rice, jute, and castor oil. She called at [[Port of Penang|Penang]] and [[Port of Singapore|Singapore]],<ref name=Argus-1891-0606>{{cite news |title=The S.S. Warora. |newspaper=[[The Argus (Melbourne)|The Argus]] |date=6 June 1891 |page=9 |place=Adelaide |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/8643557}}</ref> and on 28 May she reached [[Port Adelaide]], carrying 23 passengers bound for [[Port of Melbourne|Melbourne]] and [[Port Jackson|Sydney]].<ref>{{cite news |title=Latest Shipping. |newspaper=[[The News (Adelaide)|The Evening Journal]] |date=28 May 1891 |page=2 |place=Adelaide |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/198409642}}</ref> She reached Melbourne on 5 June, and Sydney on 16 June.<ref name=Argus-1891-0606/><ref>{{cite news |title=The Warora. |newspaper=[[The Sydney Morning Herald]] |date=17 June 1891 |page=6 |place=Sydney |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/13828530}}</ref> ''Warora'' then loaded 2,060 tons of coal at [[Darling Harbour]] in Sydney, and left on 4 July for Calcutta.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Warora—The Darling Harbour Cranes |newspaper=The Sydney Morning Herald |date=6 July 1891 |page=4 |place=Sydney |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/28271253}}</ref>

''Warora'' continued to trade between India and Australia. On 28 May 1892, a [[smallpox]] patient from the ship was [[quarantine]]d on [[Torrens Island]], Adelaide.<ref>{{cite news |title=Killed by an electric shock. |newspaper=The Evening Journal |date=30 May 1892 |page=3 |place=Adelaide |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/208515478}}</ref> He died soon afterward, and was buried on the island.<ref>{{cite news |title=Death of a clergyman on Torrens Island. |newspaper=The Evening Journal |date=31 May 1892 |page=2 |place=Adelaide |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/204480016}}</ref> A year later, on 29 May 1893, 11 of her passengers were quarantined on Torrens Island, also for smallpox.<ref>{{cite news |title=The Quarantine Station. |newspaper=The Evening Journal |date=29 May 1893 |page=2 |place=Adelaide |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/197868859}}</ref>

All BI ships were designed to be converted into [[Troopship|troop ships]], by putting troop accommodation in the [[Hold (compartment)|holds]].{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=12}} In the Second Boer War the UK Government [[Chartering (shipping)|chartered]] at least 37 BI ships for war service.{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=20}} On 23 September 1899 in Bombay (now [[Mumbai Harbour|Mumbai]]) she embarked part of the [[19th Royal Hussars]]. On 9 October she reached [[Port of Durban|Durban]].<ref>{{cite web |url= https://www.angloboerwar.com/books/92-maurice-history-of-the-war-in-south-africa/1932-maurice-history-vol-1-appendix-1-reinforcements-sanctioned-on-the-8th-september-1899 |title=Maurice: History – Vol 1: Appendix 1 - Reinforcements Sanctioned On The 8th September, 1899. |work=Books |publisher=AngloBoerWar.com |access-date=20 January 2024}}</ref> On 7 July 1900 she embarked troops at Calcutta to take to the [[Taku Forts]] in [[Qing dynasty|China]] during the [[Boxer Rebellion]].{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=70}}

On 1 August 1904, one of ''Warora''{{'}}s passengers was reported missing. The ship reached [[Port of Brisbane|Brisbane]] that day, and reported that the passenger, an [[accountant]] of the [[Queensland National Bank]] from [[Townsville]], had not slept in his bunk the previous night, and was nowhere aboard.<ref>{{cite news |title=Disappearance of a passenger |newspaper=[[The Advertiser (Adelaide)|The Advertiser]] |date=1 August 1904 |page=5 |place=Adelaide |via=Trove |url= https://trove.nla.gov.au/newspaper/article/4992842}}</ref>

''Warora'' was [[Ship breaking|broken up]] in Bombay in June 1911.{{sfn|Haws|1987|p=70}}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last=Haws |first=Duncan |year=1987 |title=British India S.N. Co |series=Merchant Fleets |volume=11 |place=Burwash |publisher=Travel Creatours Ltd Publications |isbn=0-946378-07-X}}
*{{cite book |year=1911 |title=Lloyd's Register of British and Foreign Shipping |volume=I.–Steamers |place=London |publisher=[[Lloyd's Register]] of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/HECROS1912ST/page/n1075/mode/1up |via=[[Internet Archive]] |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register'' 1911}} }}
*{{cite book |year=1888 |title=Mercantile Navy List |place=London |url= https://www.crewlist.org.uk/data/viewimages?name=Warola&year=1888&submit=Enter |via=Crew List Index Project |ref={{harvid|''Mercantile Navy List'' 1888}} }}
*{{cite book |year=1888 |title=Universal Register |place=London |publisher=Lloyd's Register of Shipping |url= https://archive.org/details/HESROSU1888/page/n992/mode/1up |via=Internet Archive |ref={{harvid|''Lloyd's Register'' 1888}} }}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Warora, SS}}

[[Category:1887 ships]]
[[Category:Merchant ships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Ships of the British India Steam Navigation Company]]
[[Category:Ships built on the River Clyde]]
[[Category:Steamships of the United Kingdom]]
[[Category:Troop ships of the United Kingdom]]

SS Warora - Revision history

Xtromirit: Creating new details