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	~~{{Portal\|India}}~~

	== References ==		== References ==

>Kursam. Praveen: /* Awards and honors */

2021-10-21T17:31:36Z

Awards and honors

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{{Short description|Indian Civil Servant}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=December 2018}}
{{Use Indian English|date=December 2018}}
{{Infobox person
| name = S. R. Sankaran
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1934|10|22}}
| birth_place = [[Thanjavur]], [[Tamil Nadu]], India
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2010|10|07|1934|10|22}}
| death_place = [[Hyderabad]], [[Andhra Pradesh]] (Now it's Telangana), India
| restingplace = Panjagutta crematorium, Hyderabad
| occupation = Civil servant
| yearsactive = 1956–2010
| known for = [[Indian Administrative Service]]<br/>[[Indian labour law#Vulnerable groups|1976 Abolition of Bonded Labour Act]]
| awards = [[Padma Bhushan]]
}}
'''S. R. Sankaran''' (1934–2010) was an Indian civil servant, social worker and the Chief Secretary of the State of [[Tripura]], known for his contributions for the enforcement of [[Indian labour law#Vulnerable groups|Abolition of Bonded Labour Act of 1976]] which abolished [[bonded labor]] in India.<ref name="“People's IAS officer” S.R. Sankaran no more">{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-national/tp-andhrapradesh/peoples-ias-officer-sr-sankaran-no-more/article818981.ece | title="People's IAS officer" S.R. Sankaran no more | publisher=The Hindu | date=8 October 2010 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> One among the seven civil servants held hostage by the [[People's War Group]] in 1987, he was the chief negotiator of the state government in the negotiations of 2004 to end [[naxalite]] violence in [[Andhra Pradesh]].<ref name="Road less travelled">{{cite journal | url=http://www.frontline.in/static/html/fl2723/stories/20101119272309200.htm | title=Road less travelled | author=P. S. Krishnan | journal=Frontline | year=November 2010 | volume=27 | issue=23}}</ref> He was a mentor to the ''Safai Karmachari Andolan'', a social initiative propagated by [[Bezwada Wilson]] to eradicate [[manual scavenging]] in India.<ref name="S R Sankaran: Champion of the safai karmacharis">{{cite web | url=http://infochangeindia.org/livelihoods/sidelines/s-r-sankaran-champion-of-the-safai-karmacharis.html | title=S R Sankaran: Champion of the safai karmacharis | publisher=Infochange | date=December 2010 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the [[Padma Bhushan]], in 2005, for his contributions to society,<ref name="Padma Awards">{{cite web | url=http://mha.nic.in/sites/upload_files/mha/files/LST-PDAWD-2013.pdf | title=Padma Awards | publisher=Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India | date=2016 | accessdate=3 January 2016}}</ref> but he declined the honor.<ref name="In a first, statue for an IAS officer in AP">{{cite web | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/In-a-first-statue-for-an-IAS-officer-in-AP/articleshow/7722807.cms | title=In a first, statue for an IAS officer in AP | publisher=Times of India | date=17 March 2011 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> His social welfare activities earned him the moniker, '''People's IAS officer'''.<ref name="Book on SR Sankaran released">{{cite web | url=http://www.newindianexpress.com/states/andhra_pradesh/Book-on-SR-Sankaran-released/2013/10/23/article1850559.ece | title=Book on SR Sankaran released | publisher=Indian Express | date=23 October 2013 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref>

== Biography ==
Sankaran was born on 22 October 1934 in [[Thanjavur]],<ref name="People's IAS officer SR Sankaran">{{cite web | url=https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hE6IAre7jaQ | title="People's IAS officer" SR Sankaran | publisher=V6 News | work=[[YouTube]] video | date=22 October 2013 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu in a [[Brahmin Tamil|Tamil Brahmin]] family.<ref name="KishoreSantosh">{{cite book|author1=Reddy, Nanda Kishore|author2=Ajmera, Santosh|title=Ethics, Integrity and Aptitude|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YLlyCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA215|isbn=978-93-5134-236-6|pages=215–}}</ref> He graduated in Commerce with honours from [[American College, Madurai]], coming first in the examination, and joined there as a lecturer<ref name="A Tribute to Mr. S. R. Sankaran">{{cite web | url=http://americancoll.blogspot.ae/2010/10/tribute-to-mr-s-r-sankaran-former.html | title=A Tribute to Mr. S. R. Sankaran | publisher=American College | date=31 October 2010 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> when he was inducted into [[Indian Administrative Service]] in 1956.<ref name="Obituary - S.R. Sankaran">{{cite web | url=http://www.lbsnaa.gov.in/app/webroot/upload/products/4d92c372-d6c4-4bc1-9443-032fca38cf4b.pdf | title=Obituary - S.R. Sankaran | publisher=Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration | date=November 2010 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> One of his earlier postings was as the Sub-collector of [[Nandyal]] in [[Kurnool district]] in 1959. Later, he served as the District Collector of [[Adilabad district|Adilabad]], [[Khammam district|Khammam]] and [[Nellore district|Nellore]] before moving to the Union Government as a special assistant to [[Mohan Kumaramangalam]], the then Minister for Steel and Mines. While at this post, he assisted Kumaramangalam to push through the [[Coal mining in India#Nationalisation of coal mines|nationalization of coal mines]] during 1971–73. He returned to the state as the Principal Secretary for Social Welfare with the Government of Andhra Pradesh, a post he held for two different periods. During his first tenure as the Principal Secretary, he established ''Integrated Tribal Development Agencies'' for single-line administration of tribal areas and introduced ''Special Component Plan'' and ''Tribal Sub Plans'' to ensure adequate provision of budgetary resources to be earmarked for the financially weaker sections of the society.<ref name="Obituary - S.R. Sankaran" /> Under these schemes, he addressed the issues such as religious conversions, atrocities against women and education for dalits; he set up dedicated schools and hostels for dalit people which eventually developed into the Andhra Pradesh Social Welfare Residential Schools and after bifurcation of Telangana State those schools are called as [[Telangana Social Welfare Residential Schools]] in Telangana State. He also toured the villages to inspire the villagers to break free from bondage and contributed to the enforcement of the [[Indian labour law#Vulnerable groups|1976 Abolition of Bonded Labour Act]].<ref name="Legend ">{{cite web | url=http://www.afghanlivelihoods.com/index.php/services/aln-virtual-library/category/475-Livelihoods | title=Legend | publisher=Livelihoods Today and Tomorrow | date=December 2013 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> It is reported that Sankaran's efforts were disapproved by the ruling Chief Minister<ref name="A people’s IAS officer to the core">{{cite web | url=http://www.thehansindia.com/posts/index/Andhra-Pradesh/2015-10-07/A-peoples-IAS-officer-to-the-core/179593 | title=A people’s IAS officer to the core | publisher=Hans India | date=7 October 2015 | accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> and he was asked to proceed on leave when [[Nripen Chakraborty]], who was the chief minister of [[Tripura]] during that time, invited him to join Tripura state administration as the Chief Secretary, a post he held for six years.<ref name="Obituary - S.R. Sankaran" />

After his stint in Tripura, he moved to the Union Government, superannuating from service while holding the post of a Secretary at the [[Ministry of Rural Development (India)|Ministry of Rural Development]].<ref name="KannabiranSingh2008">{{cite book|author1=Kalpana Kannabiran|author2=Ranbir Singh|title=Challenging The Rules(s) of Law: Colonialism, Criminology and Human Rights in India|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=EaMGo6zqzNYC&pg=PA480|date=11 November 2008|publisher=SAGE Publications|isbn=978-0-7619-3665-7|pages=480–}}</ref> During this period, he worked for the rehabilitation of the victims of [[Karamchedu massacre]] of 1985 when 6 [[dalit]]s were killed in clashes with the upper caste communities.<ref name="Story of S R Sankaran: People's IAS Officer">{{cite web | url=http://www.civilsdaily.com/blog/story-of-s-r-sankaran-peoples-ias-officer/ | title=Story of S R Sankaran: People's IAS Officer | publisher=Civils Daily | date=12 February 2016 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> Later, he was held captive by the [[People's War Group]] in 1987, after they abducted him and six of his colleagues while they were touring [[East Godavari District]]<ref name="An IAS angel who understood Maoist movement">{{cite web | url=http://www.sunday-guardian.com/analysis/an-ias-angel-who-understood-maoist-movement | title=An IAS angel who understood Maoist movement | publisher=The Sunday Guardian | work=web article | date=2016 | accessdate=5 June 2016 | author=V. Balachandran}}</ref> but was set free later, along with the others.<ref name="A people’s IAS officer to the core" /> On his retirement from service, he returned to Andhra Pradesh when the [[Naxalite–Maoist insurgency]] was gaining momentum and he organized a social forum under the name ''Concerned Citizens Committee'' in 1997 which protested against the fake encounter killings of the insurgents as well as the militancy of the insurgents. He was appointed as the Commissioner of the ''Panel on food security'' in 2003 by the [[Supreme Court of India]] where he served for two years.<ref name="Remembering the legendary S. R. Sankaran">{{cite web | url=http://viveks.info/remembering-legendary-s-r-sankaran/ | title=Remembering the legendary S. R. Sankaran | publisher=Vivek's Info | date=7 October 2010 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> On his return to Andhra Pradesh, the state government appointed him as the chief negotiator for negotiations with the militants in 2004.<ref name="Govt appoints S R Sankaran to mediate with naxals">{{cite web | url=http://www.business-standard.com/article/economy-policy/govt-appoints-s-r-sankaran-to-mediate-with-naxals-104063001024_1.html | title=Govt appoints S R Sankaran to mediate with naxals | publisher=Business Standard | date=30 June 2004 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> He mediated two rounds of talks between the government and the militants but the talks were not fruitful as the government insisted on total disarmament;<ref name="Obituary - S.R. Sankaran" /> however, this was the first instance the Maoists agreed to talks with the government.<ref name="Peace maker SR Sankaran passes away">{{cite web | url=http://www.rediff.com/news/report/bureacrat-sr-sankaran-passes-away/20101008.htm | title=Peace maker SR Sankaran passes away | publisher=ReDiff News | date=8 October 2010 | accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref> After the failure of talks with Naxal groups, he was involved with the activities of ''Safai Karmachari Andolan'', founded by [[Bezwada Wilson]], and served as a mentor to the organization. Under his guidance, the initiative worked to free a majority of the manual laborers in the State handling human excreta till their number dwindled from 1.3 million to 300,000.<ref name="S R Sankaran: Champion of the safai karmacharis" />

Sankaran, who contributed a chapter, ''Administration and the Poor'', to the 2002 publication, ''Dalits and the State'' by Ghanshyam Shah,<ref name="Shah2002">{{cite book|author=Ghanshyam Shah|title=Dalits and the State|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=J1gnfSo29mAC&pg=PA343|date=1 January 2002|publisher=Concept Publishing Company|isbn=978-81-7022-922-3|pages=343–}}</ref> died on 7 October 2010,at the age of 75 in Hyderabad, succumbing to a cardiac arrest.<ref name="“People's IAS officer” S.R. Sankaran no more" /> His mortal remains were confined to flames at Punjagutta crematorium the next day,<ref name="Road less travelled" /> his niece lighting the funeral pyre, in the presence of thousands of people.<ref name="A legacy of goodness">{{cite web | url=http://www.thehindu.com/todays-paper/tp-features/tp-sundaymagazine/a-legacy-of-goodness/article860594.ece | title=A legacy of goodness | publisher=The Hindu | date=31 October 2010 | accessdate=6 June 2016}}</ref>

== Awards and honors ==
The Government of India awarded Sankaran the civilian honor of the [[Padma Bhushan]] in 2005,<ref name="Padma Awards" /> which was later refused by him.<ref name="Book on SR Sankaran released" /> In 2011, a year after his death, the Government of Andhra Pradesh installed his statue in front of the office of the Department of Social Welfare, the first instance a civil servant was honored by the government with a statue.<ref name="In a first, statue for an IAS officer in AP" /> On his birthday (22 October) in 2013, [[C. H. Hanumantha Rao]], a former member of the [[National Advisory Council]], released the first of the two-volume publication, ''Marginalisation, Development and Resistance: Essays in Tribute to SR Sankaran'',<ref name="Marginalisation, Development and Resistance: Vol. 1 - The Crisis of Development">{{cite book | url=https://www.amazon.com/Marginalisation-Development-Resistance-Vol-Crisis/dp/9350022850 | title=Marginalisation, Development and Resistance: Vol. 1 - The Crisis of Development | publisher=Aakar Books | author=G Haragopal, K B Saxena | year=2014 | pages=308 | isbn=978-9350022856}}</ref> which detailed his contributions for the welfare of the marginalized communities.<ref name="Book on SR Sankaran released"/> When [[Malavath Purna]], a [[tribal]] teenager, summitted [[Mount Everest]] in May 2014, thus becoming the youngest female to summit the highest peak in the world, she carried a photograph of Sankaran and [[B. R. Ambedkar]], in honour of the services rendered by them towards the cause of [[Dalits]].<ref name="Teen from Andhra Pradesh is Youngest Woman to Conquer Mount Everest">{{cite web | url=http://www.ndtv.com/india-news/teen-from-andhra-pradesh-is-youngest-woman-to-conquer-mount-everest-563779 | title=Teen from Andhra Pradesh is Youngest Woman to Conquer Mount Everest | publisher=ND TV | date=25 May 2014 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref><ref name="Ambedkarite Excellence: Yougest Girl to climb up Mount Everest">{{cite web | url=https://atrocitynews.wordpress.com/2014/05/25/ambedkarite-excellence-yougest-girl-to-climb-up-mount-everest/ | title=Ambedkarite Excellence: Yougest Girl to climb up Mount Everest | publisher=Atrocity News | date=25 May 2014 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> [[Vikrama Simhapuri University]] has instituted an annual award, ''S. R. Sankaran Gold Medal'' for the best outgoing student in the Department of Social Welfare, in his honor<ref name="Gold Medal instituted in Master of Social Work">{{cite web | url=http://www.simhapuriuniv.ac.in/PDF/newsletter/shruthi_newsletter_4.pdf | title=Gold Medal instituted in Master of Social Work | publisher=ikrama Simhapuri University | work=Newsletter | date=2011 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref> and the [[National Institute of Rural Development]], Hyderabad has a chair-professorship on rural labour, ''S. R. Sankaran Chair'', named after him.<ref name="Chair Professor on “Rural Labour” in honour of Late Shri S.R.Sankaran">{{cite web | url=http://www.nird.org.in/NIRD_Docs/job050813.pdf | title=Chair Professor on "Rural Labour" in honour of Late Shri S.R.Sankaran | publisher=National Institute of Rural Development | date=2013 | access-date=6 June 2016 | url-status=dead | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160119091945/http://www.nird.org.in/NIRD_Docs/job050813.pdf | archive-date=19 January 2016 | df= }}</ref>

== Trivia ==
* It was reported that Sankaran, on his appointment as the Chief Secretary of the [[Tripura]], arrived [[Agartala]] with a small suitcase as his only piece of luggage and, instead of waiting for his official receivers, hailed a [[rickshaw]] to proceed to the Circuit House which housed his would-be office.<ref name="Simplicity Extraordinaire">{{cite journal | url=http://www.mainstreamweekly.net/article2410.html | title=Simplicity Extraordinaire | author=D. Bandyopadhyay | journal=Mainstream | year=October 2010 | volume=XLVIII | issue=44}}</ref>
* He was a bachelor, reportedly by choice.<ref name="“People's IAS officer” S.R. Sankaran no more" />
* He was a vegetarian and known to have donated a considerable part of his earnings to the financially compromised people.<ref name="S R Sankaran: Champion of the safai karmacharis" />
* He participated in the campaign against [[Aadhaar]] biometric system, alongside [[V. R. Krishna Iyer]], citing that the system should be implemented after ascertaining its usefulness and the methodology is fully explained to public.<ref name="Why late Justice Krishna Iyer opposed biometric aadhaar">{{cite web | url=http://www.toxicswatch.org/2014/12/why-late-justice-krishna-iyer-opposed.html | title=Why late Justice Krishna Iyer opposed biometric aadhaar | publisher=Toxics Watch | date=10 December 2014 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref>
* Sankaran was once selected as the head of the [[Lal Bahadur Shastri National Academy of Administration]], [[Mussourie]] which trained [[Indian Administrative Service|Indian Administrative Service officers]] but the selection was subsequently cancelled, reportedly fearing he would propagate his ideals at the institution.<ref name="A Troublemaker Passes">{{cite web | url=http://www.telegraphindia.com/1101119/jsp/opinion/story_13183316.jsp | title=A Troublemaker Passes | newspaper=The Telegraph | date=19 November 2010 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}</ref>
* As the Chief Secretary of Tripura, he once forced the retreat of [[Indian Armed Forces]] when they entered the State without approval from the State Government.<ref name="Legend " />

== See also ==
{{Div col|colwidth=30em}}
* [[Telangana Social Welfare Residential Schools]]
* [[Bezwada Wilson]]
* [[Nripen Chakraborty]]
* [[Karamchedu massacre]]
{{div col end}}
{{Portal|India}}

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
* {{cite web | url=http://www.thebetterindia.com/20789/civil-servants-we-are-extremely-proud-of/ | title=10 Amazingly Dedicated Indian Civil Servants You Will Be Proud To Know | publisher=Better India | work=Web article | date=21 March 2015 | accessdate=5 June 2016}}

== Further reading ==
* {{cite book | url=http://www.worldcat.org/title/marginalization-development-and-resistance-essays-in-tribute-to-sr-sankaran/oclc/898011643 | title=Marginalization, development and resistance : essays in tribute to S.R. Sankaran | publisher=Aakar Books | author=K B Saxena; G Haragopal | year=2014 | OCLC=898011643}}
* {{cite journal | jstor=20787495| title=S R Sankaran: In Memoriam | author=E. A. S. Sarma | journal=Economic and Political Weekly | year=October 2010 | volume=45 | issue=43}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Sankaran, S. R.}}
[[Category:1934 births]]
[[Category:2010 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Thanjavur district]]
[[Category:Indian Administrative Service officers]]
[[Category:Indian civil servants]]
[[Category:Social workers]]
[[Category:Tripura politicians]]
[[Category:Social workers from Tamil Nadu]]

S. R. Sankaran - Revision history

CleanupBot II: Removed empty portal template using script

>Kursam. Praveen: /* Awards and honors */