S. R. Rana - Revision history

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	'''Sardarsinhji Ravaji Rana''' (1870–1957), often abbreviated '''S. R. Rana''', was an Indian political activist, founding member of the [[Paris Indian Society]] and the vice-president of the [[Indian Home Rule Society]].<ref name=Sareen38>{{Harvnb\|Sareen\|1979\|p=38}}</ref><ref name=Phatak518>{{Harvnb\|~~Pathak~~\|1958\|p=518}}.</ref>		'''Sardarsinhji Ravaji Rana''' (1870–1957), often abbreviated '''S. R. Rana''', was an Indian political activist, founding member of the [[Paris Indian Society]] and the vice-president of the [[Indian Home Rule Society]].<ref name=Sareen38>{{Harvnb\|Sareen\|1979\|p=38}}</ref><ref name=Phatak518>{{Harvnb\|Phatak\|1958\|p=518}}.</ref>

	==Biography==		==Biography==
	Sardarsinhji Rana was born on 10 April 1870 ([[Chaitra]] Sud 9 according to [[Hindu calendar]]) in Kanthariya village in [[Kathiawar]] to a Rajput family of Ravaji II and Fulajiba.<ref name=BU/><ref name=Chopra145>{{Harvnb\|Chopra\|1988\|p=145}}.</ref> He studied at Dhuli School and later joined [[Alfred High School (Rajkot)\|Alfred High School, Rajkot]] where he was classmate of [[Mahatma Gandhi\|Mohandas Gandhi]]. After completing his [[matriculation]] in 1891, he studied at [[Elphinstone College]], graduating with a baccalaureate from [[Bombay University]] in 1898.<ref name=Phatak518/><ref name=Chopra145/> He also studied in [[Fergusson College]], [[Pune]] where he came in contact with [[Lokmanya Tilak]] and [[Surendranath Banerjee]]. He was influenced to join [[Indian Home Rule movement\|home rule movement]] as he volunteered at [[Indian National Congress]] Conference in Pune in 1895. After completing his studies, he went to [[London]] to study [[Barrister]] degree. There he came contact with [[Shyamji Krishna Varma]] and [[Bhikhaji Cama]]. He was instrumental in establishment of [[India House]] in London. He married Sonba from Bhingada village during his early life and had two sons, Ranjitsinh and Natwarsinh.<ref name=Chitralekha>{{cite magazine \|last=Trivedi \|first=Ketan \|date=October 2016 \|title=સ્વાતંત્ર્ય સંગ્રામના આ સરદારને ઓળખો છો?\|trans-title=Do You Know This Sardar of Independence Movement? \|language=gu \|magazine=Chitralekha }}</ref><ref name=BU>{{cite thesis \|last=Gohil \|first=Dharmendrasinh Vaghubha \|date= 18 May 2015\|title= Contribution of Sardarsinh Rana in Freedom struggle of India 1870 to 1947\|chapter=1-7 \|publisher=Department of History, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji [[Bhavnagar University]]\|language=gu\|pages=4–324\|hdl=10603/41755 }}</ref>		Sardarsinhji Rana was born on 10 April 1870 ([[Chaitra]] Sud 9 according to [[Hindu calendar]]) in Kanthariya village in [[Kathiawar]] to a Rajput family of Ravaji II and Fulajiba.<ref name=BU/><ref name=Chopra145>{{Harvnb\|Chopra\|Chopra\|1988\|p=145}}.</ref> He studied at Dhuli School and later joined [[Alfred High School (Rajkot)\|Alfred High School, Rajkot]] where he was classmate of [[Mahatma Gandhi\|Mohandas Gandhi]]. After completing his [[matriculation]] in 1891, he studied at [[Elphinstone College]], graduating with a baccalaureate from [[Bombay University]] in 1898.<ref name=Phatak518/><ref name=Chopra145/> He also studied in [[Fergusson College]], [[Pune]] where he came in contact with [[Lokmanya Tilak]] and [[Surendranath Banerjee]]. He was influenced to join [[Indian Home Rule movement\|home rule movement]] as he volunteered at [[Indian National Congress]] Conference in Pune in 1895. After completing his studies, he went to [[London]] to study [[Barrister]] degree. There he came contact with [[Shyamji Krishna Varma]] and [[Bhikhaji Cama]]. He was instrumental in establishment of [[India House]] in London. He married Sonba from Bhingada village during his early life and had two sons, Ranjitsinh and Natwarsinh.<ref name=Chitralekha>{{cite magazine \|last=Trivedi \|first=Ketan \|date=October 2016 \|title=સ્વાતંત્ર્ય સંગ્રામના આ સરદારને ઓળખો છો?\|trans-title=Do You Know This Sardar of Independence Movement? \|language=gu \|magazine=Chitralekha }}</ref><ref name=BU>{{cite thesis \|last=Gohil \|first=Dharmendrasinh Vaghubha \|date= 18 May 2015\|title= Contribution of Sardarsinh Rana in Freedom struggle of India 1870 to 1947\|chapter=1-7 \|publisher=Department of History, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji [[Bhavnagar University]]\|language=gu\|pages=4–324\|hdl=10603/41755 }}</ref>

	In 1899, Rana left for Paris after taking his examination of [[Barrister]]. He served as a translator to Jivanchand Uttamchand, a jeweller from [[Khambhat\|Cambay]] who was in Paris for World Trade Show.<ref name=BU/> He became an expert and began a jewellery business trading in pearls. He resided at 56, [[Rue La Fayette]] street in Paris. It was at this time that Rana came to associate with Indian nationalist politicians, including [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] who is known to have visited Paris and stayed with the Rana.<ref name=Rai288>{{Harvnb\|Bakshi\|1990\|p=288}}.</ref><ref name=Radhan714>{{Harvnb\|Radhan2002\|p=714}}.</ref> In 1905, Rana became one of the founding-members of the [[Indian Home Rule Society]], of which he was the vice president. Together with Munchershah Burjorji Godrej and [[Bhikaji Cama]], he founded the [[Paris Indian Society]] that same year as an extension of the Indian Home Rule Society on the European continent.<ref>{{citation\|editor-last=Gupta\|editor-first=K.\|editor2-last=Gupta\|editor2-first=Amita\|title=Concise Encyclopaedia of India\|volume=3\|year=2006\|page=1015\|location=New Delhi\|publisher=Atlantic\|isbn=81-269-0639-1\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9dNOT9iYxcMC}}.</ref> As [[Shyamji Krishna Varma]] did also, Rana announced three scholarships for Indian students, each worth Rs 2,000<ref name=Brown67>{{Harvnb\|Brown\|1975\|p=67}}.</ref> in memory of [[Rana Pratap Singh\|Maharana Pratap]], [[Chhatrapati Shivaji]] and [[Akbar]] in December, 1905 issue of ''[[The Indian Sociologist]]''.<ref name=Chitralekha/> He had announced several other scholarships and travel fellowships.<ref name=BU/>		In 1899, Rana left for Paris after taking his examination of [[Barrister]]. He served as a translator to Jivanchand Uttamchand, a jeweller from [[Khambhat\|Cambay]] who was in Paris for World Trade Show.<ref name=BU/> He became an expert and began a jewellery business trading in pearls. He resided at 56, [[Rue La Fayette]] street in Paris. It was at this time that Rana came to associate with Indian nationalist politicians, including [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] who is known to have visited Paris and stayed with the Rana.<ref name=Rai288>{{Harvnb\|Bakshi\|1990\|p=288}}.</ref><ref name=Radhan714>{{Harvnb\|Radhan2002\|p=714}}.</ref> In 1905, Rana became one of the founding-members of the [[Indian Home Rule Society]], of which he was the vice president. Together with Munchershah Burjorji Godrej and [[Bhikaji Cama]], he founded the [[Paris Indian Society]] that same year as an extension of the Indian Home Rule Society on the European continent.<ref>{{citation\|editor-last=Gupta\|editor-first=K.\|editor2-last=Gupta\|editor2-first=Amita\|title=Concise Encyclopaedia of India\|volume=3\|year=2006\|page=1015\|location=New Delhi\|publisher=Atlantic\|isbn=81-269-0639-1\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9dNOT9iYxcMC}}.</ref> As [[Shyamji Krishna Varma]] did also, Rana announced three scholarships for Indian students, each worth Rs 2,000<ref name=Brown67>{{Harvnb\|Brown\|1975\|p=67}}.</ref> in memory of [[Rana Pratap Singh\|Maharana Pratap]], [[Chhatrapati Shivaji]] and [[Akbar]] in December, 1905 issue of ''[[The Indian Sociologist]]''.<ref name=Chitralekha/> He had announced several other scholarships and travel fellowships.<ref name=BU/>

imported>Parikshit Zala Barwala at 15:13, 11 July 2021

2021-07-11T15:13:21Z

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=July 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=July 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| honorific_prefix =
| name = Sardarsinhji Rana
| honorific_suffix =
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
| image = S. R. Rana with his German wife.jpg
| image_size =
| alt =
| caption = S. R. Rana with his German wife
| birth_name =
| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1870|4|10}}
| birth_place = Kanthariya village, Limbdi State, [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date|df=yes|1957|5|25}}
| death_place = [[Veraval]], [[Bombay State]] (now [[Gujarat]]), India
| resting_place =
| resting_place_coordinates = 
| monuments =
| education = [[Barrister]]
| alma_mater = {{plainlist|
*[[Alfred High School (Rajkot)|Alfred High School, Rajkot]]
*[[Elphinstone College]], [[University of Bombay]]
*[[Fergusson College]], [[Pune]]
}}
| occupation = Indian Revolutionary, lawyer, journalist, writer, jeweller
| employer =
| organization = [[The Indian Home Rule Society]], [[India House]], [[Paris Indian Society]]
| known_for = [[Indian independence movement|Indian Independence Movement]]
| notable_works =
| style =
| religion =
| spouse = Sonba<br />{{married|Recy|1904|1931|end=died}}
| partner =
| children = [[Rajendrasinh Rana]](Grandchild)
| parents = Ravaji II, Fulajiba
| awards =
| siblings =
| website = {{url|http://sardarsinhrana.com}}
| footnotes =
| box_width =
}}
'''Sardarsinhji Ravaji Rana''' (1870–1957), often abbreviated '''S. R. Rana''', was an Indian political activist, founding member of the [[Paris Indian Society]] and the vice-president of the [[Indian Home Rule Society]].<ref name=Sareen38>{{Harvnb|Sareen|1979|p=38}}</ref><ref name=Phatak518>{{Harvnb|Pathak|1958|p=518}}.</ref>

==Biography==
Sardarsinhji Rana was born on 10 April 1870 ([[Chaitra]] Sud 9 according to [[Hindu calendar]]) in Kanthariya village in [[Kathiawar]] to a Rajput family of Ravaji II and Fulajiba.<ref name=BU/><ref name=Chopra145>{{Harvnb|Chopra|1988|p=145}}.</ref> He studied at Dhuli School and later joined [[Alfred High School (Rajkot)|Alfred High School, Rajkot]] where he was classmate of [[Mahatma Gandhi|Mohandas Gandhi]]. After completing his [[matriculation]] in 1891, he studied at [[Elphinstone College]], graduating with a baccalaureate from [[Bombay University]] in 1898.<ref name=Phatak518/><ref name=Chopra145/> He also studied in [[Fergusson College]], [[Pune]] where he came in contact with [[Lokmanya Tilak]] and [[Surendranath Banerjee]]. He was influenced to join [[Indian Home Rule movement|home rule movement]] as he volunteered at [[Indian National Congress]] Conference in Pune in 1895. After completing his studies, he went to [[London]] to study [[Barrister]] degree. There he came contact with [[Shyamji Krishna Varma]] and [[Bhikhaji Cama]]. He was instrumental in establishment of [[India House]] in London. He married Sonba from Bhingada village during his early life and had two sons, Ranjitsinh and Natwarsinh.<ref name=Chitralekha>{{cite magazine |last=Trivedi |first=Ketan |date=October 2016 |title=સ્વાતંત્ર્ય સંગ્રામના આ સરદારને ઓળખો છો?|trans-title=Do You Know This Sardar of Independence Movement? |language=gu |magazine=Chitralekha }}</ref><ref name=BU>{{cite thesis |last=Gohil |first=Dharmendrasinh Vaghubha |date= 18 May 2015|title= Contribution of Sardarsinh Rana in Freedom struggle of India 1870 to 1947|chapter=1-7 |publisher=Department of History, Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji [[Bhavnagar University]]|language=gu|pages=4–324|hdl=10603/41755 }}</ref>

In 1899, Rana left for Paris after taking his examination of [[Barrister]]. He served as a translator to Jivanchand Uttamchand, a jeweller from [[Khambhat|Cambay]] who was in Paris for World Trade Show.<ref name=BU/> He became an expert and began a jewellery business trading in pearls. He resided at 56, [[Rue La Fayette]] street in Paris. It was at this time that Rana came to associate with Indian nationalist politicians, including [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] who is known to have visited Paris and stayed with the Rana.<ref name=Rai288>{{Harvnb|Bakshi|1990|p=288}}.</ref><ref name=Radhan714>{{Harvnb|Radhan2002|p=714}}.</ref> In 1905, Rana became one of the founding-members of the [[Indian Home Rule Society]], of which he was the vice president. Together with Munchershah Burjorji Godrej and [[Bhikaji Cama]], he founded the [[Paris Indian Society]] that same year as an extension of the Indian Home Rule Society on the European continent.<ref>{{citation|editor-last=Gupta|editor-first=K.|editor2-last=Gupta|editor2-first=Amita|title=Concise Encyclopaedia of India|volume=3|year=2006|page=1015|location=New Delhi|publisher=Atlantic|isbn=81-269-0639-1|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9dNOT9iYxcMC}}.</ref> As [[Shyamji Krishna Varma]] did also, Rana announced three scholarships for Indian students, each worth Rs 2,000<ref name=Brown67>{{Harvnb|Brown|1975|p=67}}.</ref> in memory of [[Rana Pratap Singh|Maharana Pratap]], [[Chhatrapati Shivaji]] and [[Akbar]] in December, 1905 issue of ''[[The Indian Sociologist]]''.<ref name=Chitralekha/> He had announced several other scholarships and travel fellowships.<ref name=BU/>

He helped [[Indian independence movement]] in several ways. [[Madan Lal Dhingra]] had used his pistol to assassinate [[Curzon Wyllie]] in 1909. He had helped [[Vinayak Damodar Savarkar]] to publish his banned book, ''[[The Indian War of Independence (book)|The Indian War of Independence]]''. He had also helped him in his Marseille asylum case in [[Permanent Court of Arbitration]], [[The Hague]] in 1910. [[Lala Lajpat Rai]] had written ''Unhappy India'' during his stay in his house for five years. He had helped [[Senapati Bapat]] to travel to study making of bombs in [[Moscow]]. He had helped [[Subhash Chandra Bose]] to address audience on German radio. He had also helped in establishment of [[Banaras Hindu University]].<ref name=Chitralekha/>

Together with Cama he came to develop close links with the French and [[Russian Socialist Movement|Russian Socialist movements]]<ref name=Gupta54>{{Harvnb|Gupta|1972|p=54}}.</ref> and with her attended the [[International Socialist Congress, Stuttgart 1907|second Socialist Congress at Stuttgart]] on 18 August 1907 where the "[[Flag of India|Flag of Indian Independence]]" was presented by Cama. From then on, he was a regular contributor to ''[[Bande Mataram (Paris publication)|Bande Mataram]]'' (published by Cama from Paris) and ''[[Talvar|The Talvar]]'' (from Berlin), which were then smuggled into India.<ref name="Sen128">{{harvnb|Sen|1997|p=128}}.</ref>

The years immediately prior to [[World War I]] were however the turning point for Rana's personal and political life. In Paris, he is known to have lived with a German woman known as Recy who – although she was not married to him – came to be known as Mrs. Rana.<ref name=Phatak518/> They married in 1904 when his first wife told to do so.<ref name=Chitralekha/> His both sons moved to Paris to stay with him. Along with his dying son Ranjitsinh and his German wife, he was expelled by the [[Government of France|French Government]] to [[Martinique]] in 1911. The activities of the Paris Indian Society were curtailed under pressure from the French [[Sûreté]], and finally suspended in 1914. His son Ranjitsinh died in 1914.<ref name=BU/> His wife was also refused permission to enter France for a cancer operation.<ref name=Popplewell221>{{Harvnb|Popplewell|1995|p=221}}.</ref> He returned to France in 1920. His German wife died of cancer in 1931. He had visited India in 1947 to perform bone immersion rites of his son Ranjitsinh at [[Haridwar]]. He returned on 23 April 1948.<ref name=BU/> He wrapped up his business and moved back to India in 1955 when he had failing health. Later he had a [[stroke]] also. He died on 25 May 1957 at the Circuit House of [[Veraval]] (now in [[Gujarat]]).<ref name=Chitralekha/>

==Legacy and recognition==
He was awarded the [[Legion of Honour|Chevalier]] by the French Government in 1951. His portraits are placed in the [[Gujarat Legislative Assembly]] and his place of death in Veraval.<ref name=Chitralekha/>

His great grandson [[Rajendrasinh Ghanshyamsinh Rana|Rajendrasinh Rana]] served as the [[Member of Parliament (India)|Member of Parliament]] from 1996 to 2014 representing [[Bhavnagar (Lok Sabha constituency)|Bhavnagar]].<ref name=Chitralekha/><ref name=BU/>

==References==
{{Reflist|3}}

==Bibliography==
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Kanani
| given1 = Amin
| year = 1990
| title = Lajpat Rai. Swaraj and Social Change.
| publisher = Deep and Deep Publications
}}.
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Chopra
| given1 = Pran Nath
| surname2= Chopra
| given2= Prabha
| year = 1988
| title = Indian Freedom Fighters Abroad: Secret British Intelligence Report
| publisher = Criterion Publications.
}}.
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Gupta
| given1 = Manmath Nath
| year = 1972
| title = History of the Indian revolutionary movement.
| publisher = Somaiya Publications
}}.
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Phatak
| given1 = N. R
| year = 1958
| title = Source Material for a History of the Freedom Movement in India.
| publisher = Govt Central Press
}}.
*{{Citation
| surname1 = Popplewell
| given1 = Richard J
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| location = London
| publisher = Routledge
| isbn = 0-7146-4580-X
}}.
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Radhan
| given1 = O.P
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| publisher = Anmol
| isbn= 81-7488-865-9
}}.
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Sareen
| given1 = Tilak Raj
| year = 1979
| title = Indian Revolutionary Movement Abroad, 1905-1921.
| location = New Delhi
| publisher = Sterling
}}.
* {{Citation
| surname1 = Sen
| given1 = S.N.
| year = 1997
| title = History of the Freedom Movement in India (1857-1947)
| location = New Delhi
| publisher = South Asia Books
| isbn= 81-224-1049-9
}}.

{{India House}}
{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Rana, S. R.}}
[[Category:1870 births]]
[[Category:1957 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian independence activists from Gujarat]]
[[Category:India House]]
[[Category:Revolutionary movement for Indian independence]]
[[Category:Indian revolutionaries]]
[[Category:Gujarati people]]
[[Category:Indian emigrants to France]]
[[Category:People from Surendranagar district]]
[[Category:University of Mumbai alumni]]
[[Category:Fergusson College alumni]]
[[Category:Elphinstone College alumni]]