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{{Short description|Indian politician}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2019}}
{{Use Indian English|date=April 2019}}
{{Infobox officeholder
| name = S. R. Bommai
| image = Somappa Rayappa Bommai 132.jpg
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1924|06|06}}
| birth_place = Karadagi, [[Shiggaon]] (in present-day [[Haveri district|Haveri]]), [[Kingdom of Mysore]], [[British India]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|2007|10|10|1924|06|06}}
| death_place = [[Bangalore]], [[Karnataka]], India
| office = [[Minister of Human Resource Development]]
| term_start = 5 June 1996
| term_end = 19 March 1998
| predecessor = [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]]
| successor = [[Murali Manohar Joshi]]
| primeminister = [[H. D. Deve Gowda]]<br/>[[I. K. Gujral]]
| office1 = 11th [[Chief Minister of Karnataka]]
| governor1 = [[Pendekanti Venkatasubbaiah]]
| term_start1 = 13 August 1988
| term_end1 = 21 April 1989
| predecessor1 = [[Ramakrishna Hegde]]
| successor1 = [[President's rule]]
| constituency_AM2 = Hubli Rural
| assembly2 = Karnataka Legislative
| term_start2 = 1978
| term_end2 = 1989
| predecessor2 = G. Rangaswamy Sandra
| successor2 = G. Rangaswamy Sandra
| party = [[Janata Party]]
| otherparty =
| spouse = Gangamma
| children = 4; including [[Basavaraj Bommai|Basavaraj]]
| occupation =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
| website =
| footnotes =
}}

'''Somappa Rayappa Bommai''' (6 June 1924 – 10 October 2007) was an Indian Politician who was the 11th [[Chief Minister]] of [[Karnataka]] . He was also the [[Ministry of Human Resource Development (India)|Human Resource Development Minister]] in the [[United Front (India)|United Front]] government from 1996 to 1998.<ref name="stat100">{{cite web|title = List of former Ministers in charge of Education/HRD|url = http://hrm.mhrd.gov.in/ministers|publisher = Government of India}}</ref>

==Biography==
S.R.Bommai was born on 6 June 1924 in a ''Sadar Lingayat'' family at Karadagi village of [[Shiggaon]] taluk of the then undivided [[Dharwad]] District. He took part in the [[Quit India movement]] of 1942. He also played an active role in the unification (''Ekikarana'' in [[Kannada]]) of [[Karnataka]] which had been divided into Mysore kingdom, Bombay Presidency, Hyderabad, and Madras Presidency, during the British rule.<ref name=stat1>{{cite news|title=Bommai receives Ekikarana Award|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/01/10/stories/2007011008050500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071001011111/http://www.hindu.com/2007/01/10/stories/2007011008050500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=1 October 2007|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=10 January 2007}}</ref>

A lawyer by profession, he was elected to the [[Karnataka legislature|Karnataka Legislative assembly]] many times from the Hubballi rural constituency and was also a member of the Karnataka Legislative council from 1972 to 1978.

He along with [[Ramakrishna Hegde]], [[J. H. Patel]] and [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] — was instrumental in the [[Janata Party]] forming a government in the State for the first time in the State in 1983.<ref name=stat10>{{cite web|title=Former CM S R Bommai - the Man, Life and Career|url=http://www.daijiworld.com/news/printer.asp?nid=38998|publisher=Daijiworld}}</ref> He was given the weighty portfolio of Industries in the Ramakrishna Hegde government. After Hegde quit on moral grounds, Mr. Bommai took charge as Chief Minister of the State on 13 August 1988 and his government was dismissed by the then Governor, P. Venkatasubbaiah, on 21 April 1989. The dismissal was on the grounds that his government had lost its majority following large-scale defections engineered by several Janata Party leaders of the day. Bommai had sought some time from the Governor to prove his majority on the floor of the Legislature and he was denied this. He challenged this order in the Supreme Court.<ref name=stat2>{{cite news|title=S.R. Bommai passes away|url=http://www.hindu.com/2007/10/11/stories/2007101155711200.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071011220918/http://hindu.com/2007/10/11/stories/2007101155711200.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=11 October 2007|newspaper=[[The Hindu]]|date=11 October 2007}}</ref>

[[S. R. Bommai v. Union of India]] was a landmark judgment of the [[Supreme Court of India]], where the Court discussed at length, the provisions of [[Article 356]] of the [[Constitution of India]] and related issues. The apex court spelt out restrictions on the Centre's power to dismiss a state government under Article 356.<ref name=stat8>{{cite web|title=S.R. Bommai vs Union Of India on 11 March, 1994|url=http://indiankanoon.org/doc/141126788/|publisher=Indian Kanoon}}</ref> This case had huge impact on Centre-State Relations. Instances of imposition of [[President's rule]] have reduced after this judgement.<ref name=stat9>{{cite web|title=Protecting secularism and federal fair play|url=http://www.frontlineonnet.com/fl1422/14220170.htm|publisher=Frontline}}</ref>

Bommai was National president of the [[Janata Dal]] from 1990 to 1996. He was elected to the [[Rajya Sabha]], two times in 1992 and 1998.<ref name=stat3>{{cite web|title=Bommai, Oscar and Naidu will make it to RS from Karnataka|url=http://inhome.rediff.com/news/1998/mar/17rsk.htm|publisher=Rediff on the net}}</ref> In 1996, he became the Union minister for Human resource development in the United Front government and served with both the prime ministers [[H. D. Deve Gowda]] and [[I. K. Gujral]]. In 1999, after the [[Janata Dal]] split, he sided with the JD(U) faction and later formed the [[All India Progressive Janata Dal]] in 2002, as a platform for merger of different factions of Janata Dal.<ref name=stat5>{{cite news|title=Janata Dal leader Bommai floats new party|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-12-11/bangalore/27326879_1_new-party-s-r-bommai-new-outfit|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203060623/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-12-11/bangalore/27326879_1_new-party-s-r-bommai-new-outfit|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 December 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 December 2002}}</ref><ref name=stat6>{{cite news|title=JD factions float All-India Janata Dal|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-12-11/bangalore/27293850_1_bommai-new-outfit-jd-factions|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203062852/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2002-12-11/bangalore/27293850_1_bommai-new-outfit-jd-factions|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 December 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 December 2002}}</ref> However, after large scale defections, the weakened party was finally merged with JD(U).<ref name=stat7>{{cite news|title=AIPJD agrees to merge with JDU|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-03-12/bangalore/28323449_1_aipjd-india-progressive-janata-dal-assembly-seats|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203062620/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2004-03-12/bangalore/28323449_1_aipjd-india-progressive-janata-dal-assembly-seats|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 December 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=12 March 2004}}</ref>

He died on 10 October 2007, aged 84.<ref name=stat4>{{cite news|title=S R Bommai passes away|url=http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-10-11/bangalore/27968920_1_s-r-bommai-janata-parivar-union-minister|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131203063038/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2007-10-11/bangalore/27968920_1_s-r-bommai-janata-parivar-union-minister|url-status=dead|archive-date=3 December 2013|newspaper=[[The Times of India]]|date=11 October 2007}}</ref> His one son, M.S.Bommai is an industrialist in Bangalore, and the other [[Basavaraj Bommai]] inherited his political legacy and went on to become a minister in the [[Bharatiya Janata Party]] government in 2008.

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{S-start}}
{{Succession box|
before= [[Ramakrishna Hegde]]|
title=[[Chief Ministers of Karnataka|Chief Minister of Karnataka]]|
years=13 August 1988 – 21 April 1989|
after=President's rule
}}
{{S-end}}
{{S-start}}
{{Succession box|
before= [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]] (as Prime minister)|
title=[[Ministry of Human Resource Development (India)|Human Resource Development Minister]]|
years=5 June 1996 – 19 March 1998|
after=[[Murli Manohar Joshi]]
}}
{{S-end}}

{{KarnatakaChiefMinisters}}
{{Karnataka Cabinets}}
{{Energy Ministries and Departments of India}}
{{Rajya Sabha Members from Orissa}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bommai, S. R.}}
[[Category:1924 births]]
[[Category:2007 deaths]]
[[Category:People from Haveri district]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka]]
[[Category:Rajya Sabha members from Odisha]]
[[Category:Leaders of the Opposition in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:Chief ministers from Janata Party]]
[[Category:Education Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Coal Ministers of India]]
[[Category:Members of the Cabinet of India]]
[[Category:Janata Party politicians]]
[[Category:Janata Dal (United) politicians]]
[[Category:Janata Dal politicians]]
[[Category:Chief Ministers of Karnataka]]

S. R. Bommai - Revision history

2409:4071:D85:1476:0:0:A28A:408 at 04:35, 7 December 2021

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