VincentOFarrell: enhanced structure per sources

2025-11-11T00:54:44Z

enhanced structure per sources

← Older revision		Revision as of 06:24, 11 November 2025
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	== Early life ==		== Early life ==

	Surendranath Arya was born Ethiraj to Dhanakoti Raju Naidu in a [[Telugu language\|Telugu]]-speaking family of the city of [[Madras]]. On completion of his initial education, he got involved in extremist political activities and moved to [[Bengal]] in 1897 where he lived ~~till~~ 1906 and formed contacts with Bengali revolutionaries. On his return, he adopted the name "Surendranath" after the Bengali revolutionary [[Surendranath Banerjee]] and styled himself "Arya" or "native of India".		Surendranath Arya was born Ethiraj to Dhanakoti Raju Naidu in a [[Telugu language\|Telugu]]-speaking family of the city of [[Madras]]. On completion of his initial education, he got involved in extremist political activities and moved to [[Bengal]] in 1897 where he lived until 1906 and formed contacts with Bengali revolutionaries. On his return, he adopted the name "Surendranath" after the Bengali revolutionary [[Surendranath Banerjee]] and styled himself "Arya" or "native of India".

	== Arrest ==		== Arrest ==

	Once in Madras, he established a close bond with the Tamil revolutionary [[Subramanya Bharathi]] and was one of the founders of the Chennai Jana Sangam. He was arrested in 18 August 1908 on charges of sedition and sentenced to transportation for 11 years.		Once in Madras, he established a close bond with the Tamil revolutionary [[Subramanya Bharathi]] and was one of the founders of the Chennai Jana Sangam. He was arrested on 18 August 1908 on charges of sedition and sentenced to transportation for 11 years.

	According to the prosecution, Ethiraj is believed to have said on 3 May 1908:		According to the prosecution, Ethiraj is believed to have said on 3 May 1908:

	{{~~quote~~\|In India, there were 33 crores of men and if they only spit and throw sand on the foreigners they would be drowned in the spittle}}		{{blockquote\|In India, there were 33 crores of men and if they only spit and throw sand on the foreigners they would be drowned in the spittle}}

	== Imprisonment ==		== Imprisonment ==

	Surendranath Arya was released from prison in 1914 after six years of rigorous imprisonment in [[Bellary]].<ref name="madrasmusings">{{cite journal\|title=Laying traps for freedom-fighters in Pondicherry\|first=K. R. A.\|last=Narasaiah\|url=http://www.madrasmusings.com/laying-traps-for-freedom-fighters-in-pondicherry.html\|volume=21\|issue=22\|date=1–15 March 2012}}</ref> During his imprisonment, his health had broken down and he had ~~contacted~~ [[leprosy]].<ref name="sivagnanamp120">{{cite book \| title=History of Freedom Movement in Tamil Nadu: Vidutalai poril Tamilakam\| last=Sivagnanam\| first=M. P.\| year=1988\| page=120\| author-link=M. P. Sivagnanam\| publisher=Tamil University\|id=~~{{ISBN\|~~8170901146~~}}, {{ISBN~~\|~~9788170901143}}~~}}</ref> He was treated by Danish Christian missionaries and in gratitude towards them, Arya converted to Christianity.<ref name="padmanabhan">{{Cite web\|title=Some Telugu friends of Bharathi\|first=R. A.\|last=Padmanabhan\|url=http://yabaluri.org/TRIVENI/CDWEB/sometelugufriendsofbharatijan82.htm\|year=1982}}</ref>		Surendranath Arya was released from prison in 1914 after six years of rigorous imprisonment in [[Bellary]].<ref name="madrasmusings">{{cite journal\|title=Laying traps for freedom-fighters in Pondicherry\|first=K. R. A.\|last=Narasaiah\|url=http://www.madrasmusings.com/laying-traps-for-freedom-fighters-in-pondicherry.html\|volume=21\|issue=22\|date=1–15 March 2012}}{{Dead link\|date=July 2025 \|bot=InternetArchiveBot \|fix-attempted=yes }}</ref> During his imprisonment, his health had broken down and he had contracted [[leprosy]].<ref name="sivagnanamp120">{{cite book \| title=History of Freedom Movement in Tamil Nadu: Vidutalai poril Tamilakam\| last=Sivagnanam\| first=M. P.\| year=1988\| page=120\| author-link=M. P. Sivagnanam\| publisher=Tamil University\| isbn=8170901146\|id=}}</ref> He was treated by Danish Christian missionaries and in gratitude towards them, Arya converted to Christianity.<ref name="padmanabhan">{{Cite web\|title=Some Telugu friends of Bharathi\|first=R. A.\|last=Padmanabhan\|url=http://yabaluri.org/TRIVENI/CDWEB/sometelugufriendsofbharatijan82.htm\|year=1982}}</ref>

	Arya went to the [[United States]] to study divination where he earned Masters of Arts degree from Grove City College in 1917. After he returned to Madras as a missionary of the Danish Mission Church.<ref name="padmanabhan" /> On returning to India, Arya married a Swedish American woman whose name "Voegeli" he added to his own.<ref name="padmanabhan" /> Arya was one of the few who attended Bharathy's cremation in 1921 where he delivered an [[eulogy]] in Telugu.<ref name="padmanabhan" />		Arya went to the [[United States]] to study divination where he earned a Masters of Arts degree from Grove City College in 1917. After he returned to Madras as a missionary of the Danish Mission Church.<ref name="padmanabhan" /> On returning to India, Arya married a Swedish American woman whose name "Voegeli" he added to his own.<ref name="padmanabhan" /> Arya was one of the few who attended Bharathy's cremation in 1921 where he delivered a [[eulogy]] in Telugu.<ref name="padmanabhan" />

	== Later life ==		== Later life ==

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Imprisonment

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{{Use Indian English|date=June 2016}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2016}}
'''Sinhakulathipati Papanarya Yatiraj Surendranath Voegeli-Arya''' was an Indian independence activist from the [[Madras Presidency]].

== Early life ==

Surendranath Arya was born Ethiraj to Dhanakoti Raju Naidu in a [[Telugu language|Telugu]]-speaking family of the city of [[Madras]]. On completion of his initial education, he got involved in extremist political activities and moved to [[Bengal]] in 1897 where he lived till 1906 and formed contacts with Bengali revolutionaries. On his return, he adopted the name "Surendranath" after the Bengali revolutionary [[Surendranath Banerjee]] and styled himself "Arya" or "native of India".

== Arrest ==

Once in Madras, he established a close bond with the Tamil revolutionary [[Subramanya Bharathi]] and was one of the founders of the Chennai Jana Sangam. He was arrested in 18 August 1908 on charges of sedition and sentenced to transportation for 11 years.

According to the prosecution, Ethiraj is believed to have said on 3 May 1908:

{{quote|In India, there were 33 crores of men and if they only spit and throw sand on the foreigners they would be drowned in the spittle}}

== Imprisonment ==

Surendranath Arya was released from prison in 1914 after six years of rigorous imprisonment in [[Bellary]].<ref name="madrasmusings">{{cite journal|title=Laying traps for freedom-fighters in Pondicherry|first=K. R. A.|last=Narasaiah|url=http://www.madrasmusings.com/laying-traps-for-freedom-fighters-in-pondicherry.html|volume=21|issue=22|date=1–15 March 2012}}</ref> During his imprisonment, his health had broken down and he had contacted [[leprosy]].<ref name="sivagnanamp120">{{cite book | title=History of Freedom Movement in Tamil Nadu: Vidutalai poril Tamilakam| last=Sivagnanam| first=M. P.| year=1988| page=120| author-link=M. P. Sivagnanam| publisher=Tamil University|id={{ISBN|8170901146}}, {{ISBN|9788170901143}}}}</ref> He was treated by Danish Christian missionaries and in gratitude towards them, Arya converted to Christianity.<ref name="padmanabhan">{{Cite web|title=Some Telugu friends of Bharathi|first=R. A.|last=Padmanabhan|url=http://yabaluri.org/TRIVENI/CDWEB/sometelugufriendsofbharatijan82.htm|year=1982}}</ref>

Arya went to the [[United States]] to study divination where he earned Masters of Arts degree from Grove City College in 1917. After he returned to Madras as a missionary of the Danish Mission Church.<ref name="padmanabhan" /> On returning to India, Arya married a Swedish American woman whose name "Voegeli" he added to his own.<ref name="padmanabhan" /> Arya was one of the few who attended Bharathy's cremation in 1921 where he delivered an [[eulogy]] in Telugu.<ref name="padmanabhan" />

== Later life ==

Arya divorced his Swedish American wife and reconverted to Hinduism in the late 1920s.<ref name="padmanabhan" /> He became a member of the [[Brahmo Samaj]] and supported the [[Self Respect Movement]].<ref name="padmanabhan" /> During this time, he became a close friend of [[Periyar E. V. Ramasami]].<ref name="padmanabhan" />

== In popular culture ==

[[Nizhalgal Ravi]] played the part of Surendranath Arya in the 2000 Tamil film ''[[Bharathi (2000 film)|Bharathi]]''.

== Notes ==

{{reflist|2}}

== References ==

* {{cite book|title=Sedition in India|url=http://paperspast.natlib.govt.nz/cgi-bin/paperspast?a=d&d=TS19080819.2.8|work=Star|date=19 August 1908}}
* {{cite book|title=Growth of public opinion in the Madras Presidency (1858-1909)|pages=53|publisher=University of Madras|author=D. Sadasivan|year=1974}}

[[Category:Indian independence activists from Tamil Nadu]]

S. P. Y. Surendranath Arya - Revision history

VincentOFarrell: enhanced structure per sources

72.23.224.153: /* Imprisonment */