S. P. Adithanar - Revision history

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	\| birth_place = [[Kayamozhi]], Tamil Nadu, India		\| birth_place = [[Kayamozhi]], Tamil Nadu, India
	\| death_date = {{death date and age\|1981\|5\|24\|1905\|9\|27}}		\| death_date = {{death date and age\|1981\|5\|24\|1905\|9\|27}}
	\| party = [[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]]<br />[[Naam Tamilar Katchi]]<br />[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]		\| party = [[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]](1952)<br />[[Naam Tamilar Katchi]](1958)<br />[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]](1967)
	\| spouse = Govindammal		\| spouse = Govindammal
	\| relations = [[K. P. Kandasamy]] (son-in-law)<br />[[K. P. K. Kumaran]] (grandson)<br /> [[Shiv Nadar]] (Nephew)		\| relations = [[K. P. Kandasamy]] (son-in-law)<br />[[K. P. K. Kumaran]] (grandson)<br /> [[Shiv Nadar]] (Nephew)
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	}}		}}

	'''Si. Balasubramania Athithan ''' (also known as '''Si. Ba. Adithanar ''') 27 September 1905 – 24 May 1981), popularly called as "'''Adithanar'''", was an ~~[[India]]n~~ lawyer, politician, minister and founder of the [[Tamil language\|Tamil]] daily newspaper ''[[Dina Thanthi]]''. He was the founder of the We Tamils ({{lang-ta\|நாம் தமிழர்}}) party. He served as a member of the [[Madras Legislative Council]] for two terms and as a member of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] for four terms. He was the [[List of Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislature\|Speaker of the Assembly]] during 1967–68 and Tamil Nadu's minister for Cooperation in the [[M. Karunanidhi]] cabinets of 1969 and 1971. In his memory, two Tamil literary awards were created and are awarded annually by his son, [[Sivanthi Adithanar]] ( former Director of the ''Dina Thanthi'' group).		'''Si. Balasubramania Athithan ''' (also known as '''Si. Ba. Adithanar''') 27 September 1905 – 24 May 1981), popularly called as "'''Adithanar'''", was an Indian lawyer, politician, minister and founder of the [[Tamil language\|Tamil]] daily newspaper ''[[Dina Thanthi]]''. He was the founder of the We Tamils ({{lang-ta\|நாம் தமிழர்}}) party. He served as a member of the [[Madras Legislative Council]] for two terms and as a member of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] for four terms. He was the [[List of Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislature\|Speaker of the Assembly]] during 1967–68 and Tamil Nadu's minister for Cooperation in the [[M. Karunanidhi]] cabinets of 1969 and 1971. In his memory, two Tamil literary awards were created and are awarded annually by his son, [[Sivanthi Adithanar]] ( former Director of the ''Dina Thanthi'' group).

	==Early life==		==Early life==
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	===Later political life===		===Later political life===
	The DMK split in 1972, with [[M. G. Ramachandran]] forming the [[Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (ADMK). Adithan supported the ADMK.<ref name="Robin Jeffrey"/> He contested and lost the [[1977 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\|1977 election]]<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf 1977 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref> as an ADMK supported independent from [[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)\|Sathankulam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title= AIADMK hopes to benefit from local grievances \|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2003/02/24/stories/2003022405330400.htm\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=24 February 2003}}</ref> He also lost the [[1980 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\|1980 election]] from Srivaikuntam.<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf 1980 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>		The DMK split in 1972, with [[M. G. Ramachandran]] forming the [[Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (ADMK). Adithan supported the ADMK.<ref name="Robin Jeffrey"/> He contested and lost the [[1977 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\|1977 election]]<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf 1977 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref> as an ADMK supported independent from [[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)\|Sathankulam]].<ref>{{cite news\|title= AIADMK hopes to benefit from local grievances \|url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2003/02/24/stories/2003022405330400.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20030403041206/http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2003/02/24/stories/2003022405330400.htm\|url-status=usurped\|archive-date=3 April 2003\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=24 February 2003}}</ref> He also lost the [[1980 Tamil Nadu state assembly election\|1980 election]] from Srivaikuntam.<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf 1980 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>

	===Electoral performance in Assembly elections===		===Electoral performance in Assembly elections===
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	[[Category:Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]		[[Category:Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
	[[Category:St Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli alumni]]		[[Category:St Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli alumni]]
			[[Category:Members of the 2nd Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
			[[Category:Members of the 4th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
			[[Category:Members of the 5th Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]

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	==Early life==		==Early life==
	Adithanar was born on 27 September 1905 at [[Kayamozhi]] in [[Tiruchendur]] Taluk of [[Tuticorin]] district to Sivanthi Adithanar and Kanagam Ammayar as the heir of the Adityans, the highest aristocratic family among the [[Nadan (Nadar subcaste)\|Nelamaikkarars]].<ref>{{cite book \| title=The of Tamil Nadu\| author=Robert Hardgrave\| pages=149\| publisher=University of California Press}}</ref> His father, Sivanthi Adithanar , was a lawyer. Adithan' sister, Vamasundari Devi, was mother of Indian business man [[Shiv Nadar]].<ref>{{cite book \| title=India's New Capitalists: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation\| author=Harish Damodharan\| date=16 September 2008\| pages=191\| publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\| isbn=978-0-230-20507-9}}</ref> He completed his schooling at [[Srivaikuntam]] and joined [[St. Joseph's College, Trichy]]. After obtaining a [[Master of Arts\|M. A]], he went to [[Middle Temple]], London to study law. He became a [[Barristers in England and Wales\|barrister]] in 1933 and practised in Singapore (during 1933–42) and later in his home town Srivaikuntam. He married Govindammal in 1933.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Memorials coming up for Adithanar, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Aiyangar \|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205082101/http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=5 December 2007\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=28 September 2005}}</ref><ref name="malar">{{cite news\|title=Tamilar Thanthai Si Pa Adithanar \|url=http://www.maalaimalar.com/2009/04/10104103/Historical.html \|work=Maalai Malar \|date=10 April 2009 \|language=ta \|url-status=bot: unknown \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429102556/http://www.maalaimalar.com/2009/04/10104103/Historical.html \|archive-date=29 April 2009 }}</ref><ref name="kaliyaperumal2">{{Cite book\| last =Kaliyaperumal\| first =M\| title =The office of the speaker in Tamilnadu : A study\| publisher =Madras University\| year = 1992\| pages =Appendices\| url =http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/5/MAU-1992-055-Appendices.pdf}}</ref>		Adithanar was born on 27 September 1905 at [[Kayamozhi]] in [[Tiruchendur]] Taluk of [[Tuticorin]] district to Sivanthi Adithanar and Kanagam Ammayar as the heir of the Adityans, the highest aristocratic family among the [[Nadan (Nadar subcaste)\|Nelamaikkarars]].<ref>{{cite book \| title=The of Tamil Nadu\| author=Robert Hardgrave\| pages=149\| publisher=University of California Press}}</ref> His father, Sivanthi Adithanar , was a lawyer. Adithan' sister, Vamasundari Devi, was mother of Indian business man [[Shiv Nadar]].<ref>{{cite book \| title=India's New Capitalists: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation\| author=Harish Damodharan\| date=16 September 2008\| pages=191\| publisher=Palgrave Macmillan\| isbn=978-0-230-20507-9}}</ref> He completed his schooling at [[Srivaikuntam]] and joined [[St. Joseph's College, Trichy]]. After obtaining a [[Master of Arts\|M. A]], he went to [[Middle Temple]], London to study law. He became a [[Barristers in England and Wales\|barrister]] in 1933 and practised in Singapore (during 1933–42) and later in his home town Srivaikuntam. He married Govindammal in 1933.<ref>{{cite news\|title=Memorials coming up for Adithanar, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Aiyangar \|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm\|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205082101/http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm\|url-status=dead\|archive-date=5 December 2007\|work=[[The Hindu]]\|date=28 September 2005}}</ref><ref name="malar">{{cite news\|title=Tamilar Thanthai Si Pa Adithanar \|url=http://www.maalaimalar.com/2009/04/10104103/Historical.html \|work=Maalai Malar \|date=10 April 2009 \|language=ta \|url-status=bot: unknown \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429102556/http://www.maalaimalar.com/2009/04/10104103/Historical.html \|archive-date=29 April 2009 }}</ref><ref name="kaliyaperumal2">{{Cite book\| last =Kaliyaperumal\| first =M\| title =The office of the speaker in Tamilnadu : A study\| publisher =Madras University\| year = 1992\| pages =Appendices\| url =http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/5/MAU-1992-055-Appendices.pdf}}</ref>

	==Publishing career==		==Publishing career==
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	===Naam Tamilar party===		===Naam Tamilar party===
	In 1958, Adithan founded the "We Tamils" ([[Naam Tamilar Katchi#First Founding\|நாம் தமிழர் கட்சி]]) party with the platform of forming a sovereign Tamil state. The party's stand was more radical than the [[Dravida Nadu]] demand of [[Periyar E. V. Ramasamy]]'s [[Dravidar Kazhagam]]. It wanted the creation of a homogeneous [[Greater Tamil Nadu]] incorporating Tamil speaking areas of India and [[Sri Lanka]]. The party's headquarters was named as Tamiḻaṉ Illam (lit. The Home of the Tamilian). In 1960, the party organised statewide protests for the secession of Madras and the establishment of a sovereign Tamil Nadu. The protests were marked by the burning of maps of India (with Tamil Nadu left out). Adithanar was arrested for organising them. The party along with [[M. P. Sivagnanam]]'s [[Tamil Arasu Kazhagam]] was also involved in the movement to change the name of the state from [[Madras State]] to [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite book \|first=Sumathy\|last=Ramaswamy\|year=1997\|title= Passions of the tongue: language devotion in Tamil India, 1891–1970\|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]\|~~ISBN~~=978-0-520-20805-6\|oclc=36084635\|url=http://www.escholarship.org/editions/view?docId=ft5199n9v7&chunk.id=d0e7307&toc.id=ch4&toc.depth=1&brand=ucpress;query=%22we%20tamils%22&anchor.id=bn4.34#X \|pages=Chapter.6}}</ref> Adithan lost the [[1962 Madras State legislative assembly election\|1962 election]] from Tiruchendur<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf 1962 Madras State Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref> and was elected to the Legislative Council in 1964.<ref name="kaliyaperumal2"/> The WT contested the [[1967 Madras State legislative assembly election\|1967 election]] as an ally of the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK) under the DMK's "Rising Sun" symbol. It elected four members to the Assembly, including Adithan, who won from [[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)\|Srivaikuntam]]. The party merged with the DMK in 1967.<ref name="malar"/><ref name="barnett">{{cite book \| first=Marguerite\| last=Ross Barnett\| year= 1975\| title= Electoral politics in the Indian states: party systems and cleavages\| publisher=Manohar Book Service\| pages=86\| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbkeAAAAMAAJ}}</ref><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf 1967 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>		In 1958, Adithan founded the "We Tamils" ([[Naam Tamilar Katchi#First Founding\|நாம் தமிழர் கட்சி]]) party with the platform of forming a sovereign Tamil state. The party's stand was more radical than the [[Dravida Nadu]] demand of [[Periyar E. V. Ramasamy]]'s [[Dravidar Kazhagam]]. It wanted the creation of a homogeneous [[Greater Tamil Nadu]] incorporating Tamil speaking areas of India and [[Sri Lanka]]. The party's headquarters was named as Tamiḻaṉ Illam (lit. The Home of the Tamilian). In 1960, the party organised statewide protests for the secession of Madras and the establishment of a sovereign Tamil Nadu. The protests were marked by the burning of maps of India (with Tamil Nadu left out). Adithanar was arrested for organising them. The party along with [[M. P. Sivagnanam]]'s [[Tamil Arasu Kazhagam]] was also involved in the movement to change the name of the state from [[Madras State]] to [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite book \|first=Sumathy\|last=Ramaswamy\|year=1997\|title= Passions of the tongue: language devotion in Tamil India, 1891–1970\|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]\|isbn=978-0-520-20805-6\|oclc=36084635\|url=http://www.escholarship.org/editions/view?docId=ft5199n9v7&chunk.id=d0e7307&toc.id=ch4&toc.depth=1&brand=ucpress;query=%22we%20tamils%22&anchor.id=bn4.34#X \|pages=Chapter.6}}</ref> Adithan lost the [[1962 Madras State legislative assembly election\|1962 election]] from Tiruchendur<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf 1962 Madras State Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref> and was elected to the Legislative Council in 1964.<ref name="kaliyaperumal2"/> The WT contested the [[1967 Madras State legislative assembly election\|1967 election]] as an ally of the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK) under the DMK's "Rising Sun" symbol. It elected four members to the Assembly, including Adithan, who won from [[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)\|Srivaikuntam]]. The party merged with the DMK in 1967.<ref name="malar"/><ref name="barnett">{{cite book \| first=Marguerite\| last=Ross Barnett\| year= 1975\| title= Electoral politics in the Indian states: party systems and cleavages\| publisher=Manohar Book Service\| pages=86\| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbkeAAAAMAAJ}}</ref><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf 1967 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>

	===As Speaker of the Legislative Assembly===		===As Speaker of the Legislative Assembly===

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{{EngvarB|date=September 2014}}
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{{Infobox officeholder
| image = Si. Pa. Adithanar.png
| imagesize = 150px
| name = Si. Pa. Adithanar
| caption = Si. Pa. Adithanar
| office = [[Minister (government)|Minister for Co-operation]] ([[Government of Tamil Nadu]])
| term_start = 1968
| term_end = 1977
| predecessor = [[S. Madhavan]]
| successor =
| chief_minister = [[M. Karunanidhi]]
| office2 = [[Member of Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start2 = 1967
| term_end2 = 1977
| constituency2 = [[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivaikuntam]]
| predecessor2 = [[A. P. C. Veerabahu]]
| successor2 = [[K. Sathu Selvaraj]]
| constituency3 = [[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathankulam]]
| predecessor3 = [[K. T. Kosalram]]
| successor3 = [[K. T. Kosalram]]
| term_start3 = 1957
| term_end3 = 1962
| constituency4 = [[Tiruchendur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchendur]]
| predecessor4 = NA
| successor4 = [[M. S. Selvaraj]]
| term_start4 = 1952
| term_end4 = 1957
| office5 = [[List of Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislature|Speaker of Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
| term_start5 = 1967
| term_end5 = 1968
| predecessor5 = [[S. Chellapandian]]
| successor5 = [[Pulavar K. Govindan]]
| chief_minister5 = [[C. N. Annadurai]]
| office6 = Member of Madras Legislative Council
| term_start6 = 1947
| term_end6 = 1952
| term_start7 = 1964
| term_end7 = 1967
| birth_date = 27 September 1905
| birth_place = [[Kayamozhi]], Tamil Nadu, India
| death_date = {{death date and age|1981|5|24|1905|9|27}}
| party = [[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]] [[Naam Tamilar Katchi]] [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]]
| spouse = Govindammal
| relations = [[K. P. Kandasamy]] (son-in-law) [[K. P. K. Kumaran]] (grandson) [[Shiv Nadar]] (Nephew)
| children = [[Sivanthi Adithan]] Ramachandra Adithan Saraswathi Adityan
| residence =
| occupation = Publisher
| website =
}}

'''Si. Balasubramania Athithan ''' (also known as '''Si. Ba. Adithanar ''') 27 September 1905 – 24 May 1981), popularly called as "'''Adithanar'''", was an [[India]]n lawyer, politician, minister and founder of the [[Tamil language|Tamil]] daily newspaper ''[[Dina Thanthi]]''. He was the founder of the We Tamils ({{lang-ta|நாம் தமிழர்}}) party. He served as a member of the [[Madras Legislative Council]] for two terms and as a member of the [[Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]] for four terms. He was the [[List of Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislature|Speaker of the Assembly]] during 1967–68 and Tamil Nadu's minister for Cooperation in the [[M. Karunanidhi]] cabinets of 1969 and 1971. In his memory, two Tamil literary awards were created and are awarded annually by his son, [[Sivanthi Adithanar]] ( former Director of the ''Dina Thanthi'' group).

==Early life==
Adithanar was born on 27 September 1905 at [[Kayamozhi]] in [[Tiruchendur]] Taluk of [[Tuticorin]] district to Sivanthi Adithanar and Kanagam Ammayar as the heir of the Adityans, the highest aristocratic family among the [[Nadan (Nadar subcaste)|Nelamaikkarars]].<ref>{{cite book | title=The of Tamil Nadu| author=Robert Hardgrave| pages=149| publisher=University of California Press}}</ref> His father, Sivanthi Adithanar , was a lawyer. Adithan' sister, Vamasundari Devi, was mother of Indian business man [[Shiv Nadar]].<ref>{{cite book | title=India's New Capitalists: Caste, Business, and Industry in a Modern Nation| author=Harish Damodharan| date=16 September 2008| pages=191| publisher=Palgrave Macmillan| isbn=978-0-230-20507-9}}</ref> He completed his schooling at [[Srivaikuntam]] and joined [[St. Joseph's College, Trichy]]. After obtaining a [[Master of Arts|M. A]], he went to [[Middle Temple]], London to study law. He became a [[Barristers in England and Wales|barrister]] in 1933 and practised in Singapore (during 1933–42) and later in his home town Srivaikuntam. He married Govindammal in 1933.<ref>{{cite news|title=Memorials coming up for Adithanar, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Aiyangar |url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205082101/http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 December 2007|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=28 September 2005}}</ref><ref name="malar">{{cite news|title=Tamilar Thanthai Si Pa Adithanar |url=http://www.maalaimalar.com/2009/04/10104103/Historical.html |work=Maalai Malar |date=10 April 2009 |language=ta |url-status=bot: unknown |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090429102556/http://www.maalaimalar.com/2009/04/10104103/Historical.html |archive-date=29 April 2009 }}</ref><ref name="kaliyaperumal2">{{Cite book| last =Kaliyaperumal| first =M| title =The office of the speaker in Tamilnadu : A study| publisher =Madras University| year = 1992| pages =Appendices| url =http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/5/MAU-1992-055-Appendices.pdf}}</ref>

==Publishing career==
Adithan returned to India in 1942 when [[Japanese occupation of Singapore|Singapore fell]] to the Japanese. He established a Tamil weekly magazine, ''Tamizhan'', and a daily newspaper, ''Thanthi'', in November 1942. He set out to found a Tamil daily along the lines of the English tabloid ''[[Daily Mirror]]'', inspired by the ''Mirror''{{'}}s reach of a large audience. He established ''Dina Thanthi'' (lit. The Daily Telegraph) from [[Madurai]] in 1942 and it went on to become the flagship of his newspaper business. He expanded operations by opening additional editions in [[Tirunelveli]], [[Madras]], [[Salem, Tamil Nadu|Salem]] and [[Tiruchirapalli]] in the 1940s. By bringing out local editions, ''Dina Thanthi'' helped deliver news on the same day to the people in southern districts of Tamil Nadu, who until then had to read day-old newspapers printed in [[Madras]].<ref name="Robin Jeffrey">{{cite book | title=India's newspaper revolution| first=Robin |last=Jeffrey|author-link=Robin Jeffrey | date=24 March 2000| publisher=C. Hurst & Co| isbn=978-1-85065-383-7|page=79,80,114,135}}</ref> The paper was popular and it was said that people learned to read the [[Tamil language]] to read the newspaper.<ref name="hindu"/> The simplified language introduced by the paper helped it gain new readership.<ref name="thinnai">{{cite news|title=Adithanar 100: A Tribute|url=http://www.thinnai.com/?module=displaystory&story_id=20410142&format=print|work=www.thinnai.com|date=15 January 2004|language=ta}}</ref>

Other publications from Adithan's ''Dina Thanthi'' group include the evening daily ''Maalai Murasu'' (lit. The Evening Drum), the weekly magazine ''Rani'' and the monthly novel imprint ''Rani Muthu''.<ref name="malar"/>

==Political career==
Adithan started the "Tamil Rajyam" party in 1942. During 1947–52, he was a member of the [[Madras Legislative Council]]. He contested and won the [[1952 Madras State legislative assembly election|1952 election]] from [[Tiruchendur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchendur]] as a candidate of [[T. Prakasam]]'s [[Kisan Mazdoor Praja Party]].<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf 1951/52 Madras State Election Results, Election Commission of India] {{webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090410001656/http://eci.nic.in/StatisticalReports/SE_1951/STATISTICALREPORTS_51_MADRAS.pdf |date=10 April 2009 }}</ref> He was elected as an independent candidate in the [[1957 Madras State legislative assembly election|1957 election]] from [[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathankulam]].<ref name="malar"/><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1957/StatRep_Madras_1957.pdf 1957 Madras State Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>

===Naam Tamilar party===
In 1958, Adithan founded the "We Tamils" ([[Naam Tamilar Katchi#First Founding|நாம் தமிழர் கட்சி]]) party with the platform of forming a sovereign Tamil state. The party's stand was more radical than the [[Dravida Nadu]] demand of [[Periyar E. V. Ramasamy]]'s [[Dravidar Kazhagam]]. It wanted the creation of a homogeneous [[Greater Tamil Nadu]] incorporating Tamil speaking areas of India and [[Sri Lanka]]. The party's headquarters was named as Tamiḻaṉ Illam (lit. The Home of the Tamilian). In 1960, the party organised statewide protests for the secession of Madras and the establishment of a sovereign Tamil Nadu. The protests were marked by the burning of maps of India (with Tamil Nadu left out). Adithanar was arrested for organising them. The party along with [[M. P. Sivagnanam]]'s [[Tamil Arasu Kazhagam]] was also involved in the movement to change the name of the state from [[Madras State]] to [[Tamil Nadu]].<ref>{{cite book |first=Sumathy|last=Ramaswamy|year=1997|title= Passions of the tongue: language devotion in Tamil India, 1891–1970|publisher=[[University of Chicago Press]]|ISBN=978-0-520-20805-6|oclc=36084635|url=http://www.escholarship.org/editions/view?docId=ft5199n9v7&chunk.id=d0e7307&toc.id=ch4&toc.depth=1&brand=ucpress;query=%22we%20tamils%22&anchor.id=bn4.34#X |pages=Chapter.6}}</ref> Adithan lost the [[1962 Madras State legislative assembly election|1962 election]] from Tiruchendur<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1962/StatRep_Madras_1962.pdf 1962 Madras State Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref> and was elected to the Legislative Council in 1964.<ref name="kaliyaperumal2"/> The WT contested the [[1967 Madras State legislative assembly election|1967 election]] as an ally of the [[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (DMK) under the DMK's "Rising Sun" symbol. It elected four members to the Assembly, including Adithan, who won from [[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivaikuntam]]. The party merged with the DMK in 1967.<ref name="malar"/><ref name="barnett">{{cite book | first=Marguerite| last=Ross Barnett| year= 1975| title= Electoral politics in the Indian states: party systems and cleavages| publisher=Manohar Book Service| pages=86| url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YbkeAAAAMAAJ}}</ref><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1967/Statistical%20Report%20Madras%201967.pdf 1967 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>

===As Speaker of the Legislative Assembly===
On 17 March 1967, Adithan became the [[List of Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly|speaker of the assembly]] defeating the [[Swatantra Party]] candidate K. S. Kothandaramiah, by 153 votes to 21. While he was the speaker he attended the DMK political conference held at [[Tanjore]] in 1968 and also took part in political activities in his constituency. Due to these activities, the opposition parties accused him of partisanship. He defended himself as:<ref name="kaliyaperumal1">{{Cite book| last =Kaliyaperumal| first =M| title =The office of the speaker in Tamilnadu : A study| publisher =Madras University| year =1992| pages =92–96| url =http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/5/MAU-1992-055-4.pdf| url-status =dead| archive-url =https://web.archive.org/web/20110721181440/http://dspace.vidyanidhi.org.in:8080/dspace/bitstream/2009/4880/5/MAU-1992-055-4.pdf| archive-date =21 July 2011| df =dmy-all}}</ref>
{{quotation|I am as much as a politician as leader of the opposition is and as such, I can not refrain myself from the party activities of the DMK with whose support and under whose symbol I have been elected to the Assembly. But it does not mean that i am partial and partisan.}}

Due to this controversy, Adithan resigned as speaker on 12 August 1968.

===As minister===
Adithan became the Minister for Cooperation in the [[M. Karunanidhi]] cabinet, which took power in February 1969. He was re-elected from Srivaikuntam in the [[1971 Tamil Nadu legislative assembly election|1971 elections]] and continued as the Minister for Cooperation.<ref name="malar"/><ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1971/StatReport_TN_71.pdf 1971 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>

===Later political life===
The DMK split in 1972, with [[M. G. Ramachandran]] forming the [[Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]] (ADMK). Adithan supported the ADMK.<ref name="Robin Jeffrey"/> He contested and lost the [[1977 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|1977 election]]<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1977/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu77.pdf 1977 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref> as an ADMK supported independent from [[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathankulam]].<ref>{{cite news|title= AIADMK hopes to benefit from local grievances |url=http://www.hinduonnet.com/thehindu/2003/02/24/stories/2003022405330400.htm|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=24 February 2003}}</ref> He also lost the [[1980 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|1980 election]] from Srivaikuntam.<ref>[http://eci.nic.in/eci_main/StatisticalReports/SE_1980/StatisticalReportTamil%20Nadu%201980.pdf 1980 Tamil Nadu Election Results, Election Commission of India]</ref>

===Electoral performance in Assembly elections===
{| width="100%" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" border="1" style="border-collapse: collapse; border: 2px #DEE8F1 solid; font-size: x-big; font-family: verdana"
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Year
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Status
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Constituency
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Party
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Votes
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Runner-up/winner
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Party
! style="background-color:#666666; color:white"|Votes
|---
|[[1957 Madras legislative assembly election|1957]]
|Winner
|[[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathankulam]]
|IND
|33,636
|S. Kandasamy
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|22,429
|---
|[[1962 Madras legislative assembly election|1962]]
|2nd
|[[Tiruchendur (State Assembly Constituency)|Tiruchendur]]
|Naam Tamilar
|27,994
|M. S. Selvarajan
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|39,994
|---
|[[1967 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|1967]]
|Winner
|[[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivaikuntam]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]
|41,828
|R. Nadar
|[[Indian National Congress|INC]]
|22,767
|---
|[[1971 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|1971]]
|Winner
|[[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivaikuntam]]
|[[Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|DMK]]
|37,329
|R. A. R. Annamalai
|[[Indian National Congress (Organisation)|NCO]]
|27,724
|---
|[[1977 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|1977]]
|2nd
|[[Sathankulam (State Assembly Constituency)|Sathankulam]]
|IND
|17,507
|R. Jebamani
|[[Janata Party|JNP]]
|18,362
|---
|[[1980 Tamil Nadu state assembly election|1980]]
|3rd
|[[Srivaikuntam (State Assembly Constituency)|Srivaikuntam]]
|IND
|12,119
|E. Ramasubramanian
|[[Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam|ADMK]]
|26,502
|}

==Death and legacy==
Adithan died on 24 May 1981. In 2005, the then Tamil Nadu Chief Minister, [[J. Jayalalitha]] announced that his home in Srivaikuntam, built in 1928, would be converted into a memorial. He is survived by two sons. B. Ramachandran Adityan (founder of ''Devi Weekly'') and B. Sivanthi Adityan.<ref>{{cite news|title= Memorials coming up for Adithanar, Ariyakudi Ramanuja Aiyangar|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071205082101/http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/28/stories/2005092806340500.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=5 December 2007|work= [[The Hindu]]|date=28 September 2005}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|title= Officials inspect Adithanar's house at Srivaikundam|url=http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/29/stories/2005092908030300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121104025757/http://www.hindu.com/2005/09/29/stories/2005092908030300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=4 November 2012|work= [[The Hindu]]|date=29 September 2005}}</ref> On his birthday every year, the [[S. P. Adithanar Senior Tamil Scholar Award]] of Rs. 300,000 and the [[S. P. Adithanar Literary Award]] of Rs. 200,000 are awarded to Tamil scholars and people who excel in literature by Adithanar's son and the current director of the ''Dina Thanthi'' group, [[Sivanthi Adithan]].<ref name="hindu">{{cite news|title= Adithanar awards for Tamil scholar, poet|url=http://www.hindu.com/2004/09/28/stories/2004092813770300.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041014035630/http://www.hindu.com/2004/09/28/stories/2004092813770300.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 October 2004|work= [[The Hindu]]|date=24 September 2004}}</ref> A road in [[Chennai]], connecting [[Egmore]] to [[Anna Salai]], was named "Adithanar Salai" in his memory.<ref>{{cite news|title=A tough ride for MTC buses on Adithanar Salai |url=http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2001/02/08/stories/04084018.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107182952/http://www.hindu.com/thehindu/2001/02/08/stories/04084018.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=7 November 2012|work=[[The Hindu]]|date=28 February 2001}}</ref>

==Bibliography==
* ''Tamiḻp Pēraracu'' (lit. The Tamil empire) (1942)
* ''Idhalalar Kaiyedu'' (lit. The Journalist's Handbook)

==References==
{{Reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Adithanar, S. P.}}
[[Category:Businesspeople from Tamil Nadu]]
[[Category:Tamil businesspeople]]
[[Category:1905 births]]
[[Category:1981 deaths]]
[[Category:Tamil Nadu ministers]]
[[Category:Speakers of the Tamil Nadu Legislative Assembly]]
[[Category:St Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli alumni]]