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{{DISPLAYTITLE:Royapettah}}
{{short description|Neighbourhood, in Chennai district, in Tamil Nadu State, in India.}}
{{Use dmy dates|date= October 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date= October 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Royapettah
| native_name = இராயப்பேட்டை
| native_name_lang = ta
| other_name =
| settlement_type = [[Neighbourhood]]
| image_skyline =
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| image_map =
| map_alt =
| map_caption =
| pushpin_map = India Chennai#Tamil Nadu#India
| pushpin_label_position = right
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption =
| coordinates = {{coord|13|03|14.0|N|80|15|50.6|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = [[Country]]
| subdivision_name = {{flagu|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = [[States and territories of India|State]]
| subdivision_name1 = [[File:TamilNadu Logo.svg|23x16px|border|link=|alt=|Tamil Nadu]][[Tamil Nadu]]
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Chennai district|Chennai]]
| subdivision_type3 = [[Taluk]]
| subdivision_name3 = [[Egmore taluk|Egmore]]
| subdivision_type4 = Metro
| subdivision_name4 = [[Chennai]]
| subdivision_type5 = [[List of Chennai Corporation wards|Zone & Ward]]
| subdivision_name5 = [[Teynampet|9 & 118]]
| established_title =
| established_date =
| founder =
| named_for =
| government_type =
| governing_body =
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_rank =
| area_total_km2 =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m = 9
| elevation_ft = 29
| population_total = 14,912<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3302_PART_A_DCHB_CHENNAI.pdf|title=Census of India 2011: District Census Handbook, State Tamil Nadu, Chennai (Royapettah is ward no. 0112)|work=Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India|access-date=2020-10-19}}</ref>
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_rank =
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_demonym =
| population_footnotes =
| demographics_type1 = [[Languages]]
| demographics1_title1 = [[Official]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Tamil language|Tamil]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 600014
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| area_code = 044
| registration_plate = TN-01
| blank1_name_sec1 = Civic agency
| blank1_info_sec1 = [[Greater Chennai Corporation]]
| blank2_name_sec1 = [[Urban planning|Planning]] agency
| blank2_info_sec1 = [[Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority|CMDA]]
| blank3_name_sec1 = [[List of cities and towns in India by population|City]]
| blank3_info_sec1 = [[Chennai]]
| blank4_name_sec1 = [[Lok Sabha|LS]]
| blank4_info_sec1 = [[Chennai Central (Lok Sabha constituency)]]
| blank5_name_sec1 = [[Vidhan Sabha|VS]]
| blank5_info_sec1 = [[Thousand Lights]]
| blank1_name_sec2 =
[[Member of parliament|MP]]
| blank1_info_sec2 = [[Dayanidhi Maran]]
| blank2_name_sec2 = [[Member of the Legislative Assembly (India)|MLA]]
| blank2_info_sec2 = Vacant
| blank3_name_sec2 = [[Councillor|MC]]
| blank3_info_sec2 = Vacant
| website = http://www.chennaicorporation.gov.in/
| footnotes =
}}

'''Royapettah''' is a neighbourhood of [[Chennai]], India. Located close to the [[central business district]], the neighbourhood is one of the prime residential and commercial areas of Chennai.

== Location ==
Royapettah is located at the central part of the city of Chennai, with an elevation of 9 m (29 ft.) above mean sea level.<ref name="Royapettah Tamil Nadu India">{{cite web|url=https://earth.google.com|title=Search Coordinates and Elevation of Royapettah Tamil Nadu India|work=Google Earth|access-date=2020-10-09}}</ref> The neighbourhood comes under Teynampet Zone (number 9) and ward number 118 (old number 112) of the Chennai Corporation.<ref name="Teynampet zone">{{cite web|url=https://chennaicorporation.gov.in/zone/index.htm|title=Welcome to Greater Chennai Corporation/Zone details|work=Greater Chennai Corporation|access-date=2020-11-06}}</ref>

=== Boundaries ===
Royapettah is bounded in the direction of Northwest by [[Nungambakkam]], North by [[Chintadripet]], Northeast by [[Chepauk]], West by [[Gopalapuram, Chennai|Gopalapuram]], East by [[Triplicane]], Southwest by [[Teynampet]], South by [[Mylapore]] and
Southeast by [[Marina Beach]].

== History ==
Royapettah, along with the suburbs of [[Nungambakkam]] and [[Teynampet]], was part of the Great Choultry Plain, as the British had it in their records back in 1721.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=442}} Soon after the arrival of the British in the city in the early 17th century, a large Eurasian population started settling in Royapettah and surrounding regions in the 17th and 18th centuries.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|pp=77–78}} Muslim settlements started appearing in the neighbourhood from the latter half of the 18th century.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=5}} In 1798, the [[British East India Company]] constructed the [[Amir Mahal]] to house its administrative offices.{{sfn|Muthiah|2004|p=168}} When the Company annexed the Carnatic kingdom in 1855 with the [[Doctrine of Lapse]], the [[Chepauk Palace]], the official residence of the Nawabs, was auctioned off and purchased by the Madras government.{{sfn|Muthiah|2004|p=168}} The Nawab moved to a building called Shadi Mahal on Triplicane High Road and lived there.{{sfn|Muthiah|2004|p=168}} However, the British granted the Amir Mahal to the Prince of Arcot and the office building was soon converted into a palace by Robert Chrisholm.{{sfn|Jayewardene-Pillai|2007|p=200}} In 1876, the Nawab moved in with his family into the Amir Mahal, which has since been the residence of the Nawabs of Arcot.{{sfn|Muthiah|2004|p=168}}

The Purification Church was apparently the first church built in the neighbourhood around 1769. However, this was replaced in 1848 by the Presentation Church, also known as the Wallajahpet Church. Built on a 21-ground plot, this was granted by the Nawab in 1813.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=197}} The Subramania Swamy Temple located adjacent to the church was built around 1889 in the area now known as Zam Bazaar.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=197}} The Thousand Lights mosque was built in 1810.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}} In 1819, the first Methodist chapel in India was opened in Royapettah by the Methodist missionary James Lynch who settled down in the neighbourhood a year before. The church grew into the Wesley Church, which was dedicated in 1853.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=389}}

In 1819, the Madras Eye Infirmary (MEI) as founded in the neighbourhood.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=372}}{{sfn|Parthasarathy, ''The Hindu'' 16 October 2012}} It remains the oldest specialist eye hospital in Asia and the second oldest in the world.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=372}} Modelled on [[Moorfield Eye Hospital]] in London, the hospital was moved to [[Egmore]] in 1884 and became the [[Egmore Eye Hospital|Government Ophthalmic Hospital]] in 1886.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=372}} The [[Government Royapettah Hospital]] was opened in 1911.{{sfn|TNHealth.org, n.d.}} The first superintendent of the hospital was Col. C. Donovan.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=369}}

In 1858, Monahan Girls' School, one of the oldest Protestant schools, was opened in Royapettah.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=389}} In 1928, the neighbourhood had one of the earliest school for physical education in the Wesley School.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|p=100}} The Royapettah post office appeared in 1834 as a subsidiary of the [[General Post Office, Chennai|General Post Office]] at [[George Town, Chennai|George Town]].{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|pp=330–331}} With the opening of the Woodlands Hotel in 1938 and the Modern Hindu Hotel on General Patter's Road, the neighbourhood became the home to the first Indian-style, vegetarian hotels in the city.{{sfn|Muthiah|2014|pp=76–77}}

In the 1930s, a [[Royapettah Clock Tower|clock tower]] was built in the neighbourhood. Gani and Sons, formerly known as the South India Watch Company, provided the clock instrument for the clock tower.{{sfn|Venkatraman, ''The New Indian Express'', 27 August 2012}}

== Demographics ==
As of [[Census of India 2011]], the total population of Royapettah was 14,912, including 7,444 males and 7,468 females.<ref name="Census 2011 Royapettah Chennai">{{cite web|url=https://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/DCHB_A/33/3302_PART_A_DCHB_CHENNAI.pdf |title=District Census Handbook, Chennai, Village and Town Directory |publisher=Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India |work=Directorate of Census Operations, Tamil Nadu |page=30|access-date=2020-10-21}}</ref>
=== Religion ===
[[File:Thousand Lights Mosque (6708375421).jpg|thumb|180px|Thousand Lights mosque]]
The penta-domed and bi-minaret Thousand Lights Mosque, designed by Nawab Umdat ul umrah, is the most famous mosque in the neighbourhood. It was built in 1810.{{Citation needed|date=October 2020}}

There are several temples and churches in the area. The Wesley church located near the Clock Tower is one of the oldest churches in the neighbourhood.{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}}

== Transportation ==
Located centrally within the city, Royapettah is well connected to other neighbourhoods of Chennai, with several bus routes passing through it. Whites road, Avvai Shanmugam Salai and Royapettah High Road are the primary streets in the neighbourhood. The city's arterial [[Anna Salai]] tangentially touches the western periphery of the neighbourhood. Royapettah has a flyover on Royapettah High Road. There are plans to build a 5-kl/day sewage treatment plant along the pliers of the flyover and is under construction.<ref name="Flyover Royapettah High Road">{{cite news|url=https://m.timesofindia.com/city/chennai/14-city-flyovers-to-get-vertical-gardens/articleshow/78095276.cms|title=14 Chennai Flyovers to get vertical gardens|work=Times of India|date=2020-09-14|access-date=2020-11-06}}</ref>

Royapettah is served by the [[LIC metro station|LIC]] and [[Thousand Lights metro station|Thousand Lights]] metro stations on the [[Blue Line (Chennai Metro)|Blue Line]] of the [[Chennai Metro]], which runs along the western periphery of the neighbourhood.

== Healthcare ==
The [[Government Royapettah Hospital]], which serves as the chief healthcare institution in the neighbourhood, is the city's largest peripheral hospital{{sfn|''The Times of India'', 17 August 2012}} and its limit extends up to [[Chengalpattu]].{{sfn|''The Hindu'', 30 April 2013}} Second in the government sector next only to the [[Rajiv Gandhi Government General Hospital]], the Royapettah Government Hospital has a full-fledged emergency department, including triage area, resuscitation bay and colour-coded zones, per the Tamil Nadu Accident and Emergency Care Initiative (TAEI) guidelines.{{sfn|Josephine, ''The Hindu'', 28 April 2019}}

== Economic notability ==
Located close to the central business district, Royapettah has several commercial establishments. The [[Express Avenue Mall]] is one of the major commercial buildings in the neighbourhood.{{citation needed|date=October 2020}}

== Education ==
The New College, one of the chief colleges in the city, is located in the neighbourhood.

== Political notability ==
Royapettah comes under [[Thousand Lights]] state assembly constituency and [[Chennai Central (Lok Sabha constituency)]].<ref name="Thousand Lights Vidhan Sabha">{{cite web|url=https://www.electionsinindia.com/tamil-nadu/thousand-lights-assembly-vidhan-sabha-constituency-elections#|title=Thousand Lights Vidhan Sabha Election – Thousand Lights Assembly Election Results, Polling Stations, Voters, Candidates|work=Datanet India Pvt. Ltd.|access-date=2020-11-06}}</ref> The suburb also hosts the headquarters of the [[Tamil Nadu Congress Committee]] and the [[All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam]].

== Geolocation ==
{{Adjacent communities
|title = Directions from Royapettah
|Northwest = [[Nungambakkam]]
|North = [[Egmore]]
|Northeast = [[Chepauk]]
|West =[[Gopalapuram, Chennai]]
|Centre = Royapettah, Chennai
|East = [[Triplicane]]
|Southwest = [[Teynampet]]
|South = [[Mylapore]]
}}

==See also==
* [[Neighbourhoods of Chennai]]

== Citations ==
{{reflist}}

== References ==
{{ref begin}}
* {{cite book|title= Imperial conversations: Indo-Britons and the architecture of South India|page=200|first=Shanti|last=Jayewardene-Pillai|publisher=Yoda Press|year=2007|isbn=978-8190363426 }}
* {{cite book | title=Madras Rediscovered| last=Muthiah| first=S.| year=2004| author-link=S. Muthiah| publisher=East West Books (Madras) Pvt Ltd| isbn=81-88661-24-4}}
* {{cite book | last = Muthiah| first = S. | author-link = S. Muthiah | title = Madras Rediscovered| publisher = EastWest | date = 2014 | location = Chennai | isbn = 978-93-84030-28-5}}
* {{cite news | last = Parthasarathy | first = Anusha | title = Looking back in time | newspaper = The Hindu| location = Chennai| publisher = Kasturi & Sons| date = 16 October 2012| url = https://www.thehindu.com/features/friday-review/history-and-culture/Looking-back-in-time/article12560015.ece | access-date = 22 October 2020|ref={{sfnRef|Parthasarathy, ''The Hindu'' 16 October 2012}} }}
* {{cite news | last = Venkatraman | first = Janane | title = It's time to look at our city's landmarks again | newspaper = The New Indian Express | location = Chennai | publisher = Express Publications | date = 27 August 2012 | url = http://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/chennai/article596235.ece?service=print | access-date = 24 March 2014|ref={{sfnRef|Venkatraman, ''The New Indian Express'', 27 August 2012}} }}
* {{cite web |title=Government Royapettah Hospital |publisher=TNHealth.org |url=http://www.tnhealth.org/megh14.htm |access-date=28 Apr 2013 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130221064935/http://www.tnhealth.org/megh14.htm |archive-date=21 February 2013|ref={{sfnRef|TNHealth.org, n.d.}} }}
* {{cite news | title = Rs 10cr for cancer unit at Royapettah hospital | location = Chennai | date = 17 August 2012 | url = http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-08-17/chennai/33248577_1_oral-cancer-cancer-centre-cancer-tops | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20130224055002/http://articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com/2012-08-17/chennai/33248577_1_oral-cancer-cancer-centre-cancer-tops | url-status = dead | archive-date = 24 February 2013 | access-date = 28 April 2013| newspaper = [[The Times of India]] |ref={{sfnRef|''The Times of India'', 17 August 2012}} }}
* {{cite news | title = Rs. 4 crore for survey of heritage hospital buildings | newspaper = The Hindu | location = Chennai | date = 30 April 2013 | url = http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/rs-4-crore-for-survey-of-heritage-hospital-buildings/article4667609.ece | access-date = 12 May 2013|ref={{sfnRef|''The Hindu'', 30 April 2013}} }}
* {{cite news | last = Josephine | first = M. Serena | title = Chennai's third full-fledged emergency dept. at KMC | newspaper = The Hindu | location = Chennai | publisher = Kasturi & Sons | date = 28 April 2019 | url = https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/chennai/chennais-third-full-fledged-emergency-dept-at-kmc/article26968725.ece | access-date = 2 May 2019|ref={{sfnRef|Josephine, ''The Hindu'', 28 April 2019}} }}
{{ref end}}

==External links==
* {{commons category-inline}}

{{Neighborhoods of Chennai}}
{{Chennai topics}}

[[Category:Neighbourhoods in Chennai]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Chennai district]]
[[Category:Coastal neighbourhoods of Chennai]]

Royapettah - Revision history

Goandamanholidays: updated page

imported>Venkat TL: Copy edit, remove unsourced