Roorkee - Revision history

WikiDwarfBOT: Cleanup: Source modification.

2023-07-22T01:53:24Z

Cleanup: Source modification.

imported>Jamal.rke: /* Geography */

2021-08-25T12:18:15Z

Geography

← Older revision		Revision as of 17:48, 25 August 2021
Line 45:		Line 45:
	\| elevation_footnotes =		\| elevation_footnotes =
	\| elevation_(height) = 268		\| elevation_(height) = 268
	\| population_metro = ~~273~~,~~502~~		\| population_metro = 238,422
	\| population_as_of = 2011		\| population_as_of = 2011
	\| population_footnotes =<ref name="districtcensus" />		\| population_footnotes =<ref name="districtcensus" />
Line 92:		Line 92:
	Roorkee is located at {{Coord\|29.87\|N\|77.88\|E}}.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/39/Roorkee.html \|title=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Roorkee \|publisher=Fallingrain.com \|access-date=27 December 2011}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 268 metres (879 feet).		Roorkee is located at {{Coord\|29.87\|N\|77.88\|E}}.<ref>{{cite web\|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/39/Roorkee.html \|title=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Roorkee \|publisher=Fallingrain.com \|access-date=27 December 2011}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 268 metres (879 feet).

	Roorkee is {{convert\|184.3\|km\|mi\|abbr=}} north of the Indian capital, New Delhi, between the rivers [[Ganges River\|Ganges]] and [[Yamuna]], close to the foothills of the [[Himalayas]]. It is ~~70.02~~ kilometres away from Dehradun, the capital of Uttarakhand, and ~~13 kilometers~~ away from ~~BhagwanpuR~~. Before the creation of [[Uttarakhand]] on 9 November 2000,<ref>[http://india.gov.in/business/investment_incentives/uttarakhand/uttarakhand.php Uttarakhand] Govt. of India, Official website.</ref> Roorkee was a part of the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]].		Roorkee is {{convert\|184.3\|km\|mi\|abbr=}} north of the Indian capital, [[New Delhi]], between the rivers [[Ganges River\|Ganges]] and [[Yamuna]], close to the foothills of the [[Himalayas]]. It is 65 kilometres away from [[Dehradun]] (the capital of Uttarakhand), 30km from [[Haridwar]] and 48 km away from [[Muzaffarnagar]] . Before the creation of [[Uttarakhand]] on 9 November 2000,<ref>[http://india.gov.in/business/investment_incentives/uttarakhand/uttarakhand.php Uttarakhand] Govt. of India, Official website.</ref> Roorkee was a part of the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]].

	The city is located in the Roorkee plain which is composed of recent alluvium with a gentle slope. As per the census 2011, this region is spread over 129.88 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|title=Cencus of India- 2011, District census handbook-Hardwar- Village and town directory\|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0513_PART_A_DCHB_HARDWAR.pdf\|access-date=15 September 2020\|website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref>		The city is located in the Roorkee plain which is composed of recent alluvium with a gentle slope. As per the census 2011, this region is spread over 129.88 km<sup>2</sup>.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web\|title=Cencus of India- 2011, District census handbook-Hardwar- Village and town directory\|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0513_PART_A_DCHB_HARDWAR.pdf\|access-date=15 September 2020\|website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref>
Line 253:		Line 253:
	{{bar percent\|Others\|black\|0.16}}}}		{{bar percent\|Others\|black\|0.16}}}}

	The Roorkee Tehsil is the most populous among the three Tehsils in the Haridwar District with 35.17% of its population categorized as urban.<ref name=":1" /> According to the [[2011 census of India\|2011 census]] Roorkee city has a [[Demographics of India\|population]] of ~~273~~,~~502~~,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web \| url = http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/27-roorkee.html \| title = City Census 2011 \| access-date = 30 September 2011 \| year = 2011 \| publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> within the area of 8.11 square kilometres.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=District census handbook-Hardwar-Village and townwise Primary Census Abstract (PCA)\|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0513_PART_B_DCHB_HARDWAR.pdf\|access-date=15 September 2020\|website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref> The average literacy rate of Roorkee is 89.48%<ref name="census2011" /> The sex ratio of the town as-off 2011, is 863 for all age groups while between the age 0-6 it is 820.<ref name=":1" />		The Roorkee Tehsil is the most populous among the three Tehsils in the Haridwar District with 35.17% of its population categorized as urban.<ref name=":1" /> According to the [[2011 census of India\|2011 census]] Roorkee city has a [[Demographics of India\|population]] of 238,422,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web \| url = http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/27-roorkee.html \| title = City Census 2011 \| access-date = 30 September 2011 \| year = 2011 \| publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> within the area of 8.11 square kilometres.<ref>{{Cite web\|title=District census handbook-Hardwar-Village and townwise Primary Census Abstract (PCA)\|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0513_PART_B_DCHB_HARDWAR.pdf\|access-date=15 September 2020\|website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref> The average literacy rate of Roorkee is 89.48%<ref name="census2011" /> The sex ratio of the town as-off 2011, is 863 for all age groups while between the age 0-6 it is 820.<ref name=":1" />

	== Government and Politics ==		== Government and Politics ==

Khan786: Created page with "{{Use Indian English|date=November 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox settlement | name..."

2021-08-05T16:17:39Z

Created page with "{{Use Indian English|date=November 2017}} {{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}} {{Infobox settlement | name..."

New page

{{Use Indian English|date=November 2017}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2020}}
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Roorkee
| official_name =
| settlement_type = City
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| photo1a = Main(Administrative)Building IIT-Roorkee.JPG{{!}}Main Administrative Building IIT Roorkee
| photo2a = GangesCanalRoorkee2008.jpg{{!}}The [[East India Company]]-era (1854) Ganeshpur bridge over the [[Ganges Canal]] in Roorkee, 2008
| photo3a = St. John's Church Roorkee.jpg{{!}}Kingdom of Dreams
| spacing = 2
| position = center
| color_border = white
| color = white
| size = 275
| foot_montage = '''From top:''' Main Administrative Building of [[Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee|IIT Roorkee]], The [[East India Company]]-era (1854) Ganeshpur Bridge over the [[Ganges Canal]] and St. John's Church.
}}
| image_alt =
| image_caption =
| nickname =
| pushpin_map = India Uttarakhand
| pushpin_label_position =
| pushpin_map_alt =
| pushpin_map_caption = Location in Uttarakhand, India
| coordinates = {{coord|29|52|29.49|N|77|53|23.74|E|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_name = {{flag|India}}
| subdivision_type1 = State
| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India|District]]
| subdivision_name1 = {{flagicon image|..Uttarakhand Flag(INDIA).png}} [[Uttarakhand]]
| subdivision_name2 = [[Haridwar district|Haridwar]]
| established_title1 = Founded
| established_date1 = 1842
| established_title2 = Municipality
| established_date2 = 1868
| founder = [[Proby Cautley]]
| government_type = [[Mayor-council government|Mayor–council]]
| governing_body = [[Roorkee Municipal Corporation]]
| leader_title = Mayor
| leader_name = Gaurav Goel, [[Independent politician|Independent]]
| unit_pref = Metric
| area_footnotes =
| area_total_km2 =
| area_rank =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_(height) = 268
| population_metro = 273,502
| population_as_of = 2011
| population_footnotes =<ref name="districtcensus" />
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_rank =
| population_demonym =
| demographics_type1 = Languages
| demographics1_title1 = Official
| demographics1_info1 = [[Hindi]]
| demographics1_title2 = Other
| demographics1_info2 [Garhwali] = [[Urdu]] and [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]]
| timezone1 = [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| utc_offset1 = +5:30
| postal_code_type = [[Postal Index Number|PIN]]
| postal_code = 247667
| area_code = +91-1332
| area_code_type = Telephone code
| registration_plate = UK-17
| blank1_name_sec1 = Sex ratio
| blank1_info_sec1 = 1.12<ref name=census>{{cite web | title = Census of India, 2011 | publisher = Office of the Registrar General, India | date = 2 March 2002 | url = http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999 | access-date = 28 May 2010 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999 | archive-date = 16 June 2004}}</ref> [[male|♂]]/[[female|♀]]
| website = {{URL|https://www.roorkeecityonline.com/}}
| footnotes =
| leader_title2 = [[Municipal Commissioner (India)|Municipal Commissioner]]
| leader_name2 = Pravesh Chandra Dandiyal, [[Indian Administrative Service|IAS]]_(Indian Administrative Service)
}}

'''Roorkee''' (Rūṛkī) is a city in [[North India]] and a [[Municipal Corporations in India|municipal corporation]] in the [[Haridwar district]] of the state of [[Uttarakhand]] (previously Uttaranchal), India. It is spread over a flat terrain under [[Sivalik Hills]] of [[Himalayas]]. The city is developed on the banks of [[Ganges Canal]], its dominant feature, which flows from north–south through middle of the city. Roorkee is home to Asia's first engineering college [[Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee]], formerly known as Thomson College of Civil Engineering. Roorkee is also known for the [[Roorkee Cantonment]], one of the country's oldest military establishments and the headquarters of [[Bengal Engineer Group]] since 1853.<ref>[http://www.tribuneindia.com/2008/20081124/dplus1.htm "Bengal Sappers’ saga of valour"], ''[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)|The Tribune]],'' 24 November 2008.</ref> Roorkee has the distinction of being one of the endpoints of the first train journey in India (along with [[Piran Kaliyar]]) on 22 December 1851.<ref>{{cite news | url=http://www.thehindu.com/2002/08/10/stories/2002081000040800.htm | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20141202224816/http://www.thehindu.com/2002/08/10/stories/2002081000040800.htm | url-status=dead | archive-date=2 December 2014 | title=First train ran between Roorkee and Piran Kaliyar | newspaper=[[The Hindu]] | date=10 August 2002 | access-date=15 February 2018}}</ref>

==History==
[[File:Ganges canal roorkee1860.jpg|thumb|left|Ganges canal, 1860.]]
Roorkee is listed in the [[Ain-i-Akbari]] as a [[pargana]] under the [[sarkar (country subdivision)|sarkar]] of [[Saharanpur]], producing a revenue of 1,628,360 [[dam (Indian coin)|dam]]s for the imperial treasury and supplying a force of 200 infantry and 25 cavalry.<ref name="Ain-i-Akbari">{{cite book |last1=Abu'l-Fazl ibn Mubarak |last2=Jarrett |first2=Henry Sullivan (translator) |title=The Ain-i-Akbari |date=1891 |publisher=Asiatic Society of Bengal |location=Calcutta |page=292 |url=https://archive.org/details/ainiakbarivolum00mubgoog |access-date=21 January 2021}}</ref>

Before 1840, the city was a tiny hamlet consisting of mud huts on the banks of the Solani rivulet.<ref name=roor>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V21_331.gif Roorkee Town2], ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', v. 21, ''p. 325.''</ref> Digging work on the [[Ganges Canal|Upper Ganges Canal]] formally began in April 1842, under the aegis of [[Proby Cautley]], a British officer. Local works were designed and overseen by the engineer [[Thomas Login]].<ref>{{Cite journal |doi = 10.1680/imotp.1875.22738|title = Obituary. Thomas Login, F.r.s.e., 1823-1874|journal = Minutes of the Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers|volume = 39|issue = 1875|pages = 269–271|year = 1875|doi-access = free}}</ref> Soon, Roorkee developed into a town. The canal, which was formally opened on 8 April 1854, provided irrigation waters for more than 767,000 acres (3,100 km2) in 5,000 villages.<ref name=gaze>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V12_144.gif Upper Ganges Canal], ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', v. 12, p. 138.</ref>

Col. P.T. Cautley, an officer in the British Army, was most instrumental in constructing the canal. According to Dept. of Hydrology the canal, which is still considered as a marvel of engineering, was built in 1853. However, water was released in the canal on 8 April 1854.

To look after the maintenance of the canal, the Canal Workshop and Iron Foundry were established in 1843 on the civil lines on the canal bank which is known as the Irrigation workshop nowadays. This was followed by the establishment of Civil Engineering School; classes started in 1845<ref name=roor/> to train local youth to assist in the civil-engineering work of the Upper Ganges Canal.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V04_350.gif Indian Engineering Colleges], ''[[The Imperial Gazetteer of India]]'', 1909, v. 4, p. 321.</ref> This was to become the first engineering college established in India.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Military Engineer, Vol II |last=Sandes |first=Lt Col E.W.C. |year=1935 |publisher=Institution of Royal Engineers |location=Chatham |page=358 |url=http://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/handle/10973/37244}}</ref> On 25 November 1847, the college was formally constituted through a proposal by the Sir James Thomason, Lt. Governor of North-Western Province (1843–53).<ref name=roor/> After his death in 1853, the college was rechristened as Thomason College of Civil Engineering. The college later upgraded to [[University of Roorkee]] in 1949; on 21 September 2001, through an Act of parliament, it was made one of the [[Indian Institutes of Technology]], [[IIT Roorkee]].<ref name=IIT>[http://www.iitr.ac.in/ IIT Roorkee] Official website.</ref> In 1853 Bengal Sappers and Miners were stationed here which provided a controlling influence during the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|1857 uprising]]. Other important events in the history of Roorkee include that under the Post Office Act of 1866, it was among the first few towns to have a post office and first telegraph office in the district. Now Roorkee has a General Post Office (GPO) and a number of post offices located in Roorkee City and Cantt. In 1886, Roorkee was placed on the Railway map of India. In 1907, first provincial trunk road Meerut-Roorkee-Dehradun was constructed. In 1920, Roorkee became the first town in [[Uttar Pradesh]] to have [[Hydroelectricity]].

India's first aqueduct was constructed over the Solani river, near Roorkee, part of the [[Ganges Canal]] project, which itself was India's first irrigation work in North India, started by the British.<ref>[https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V03_376.gif Irrigation and Navigation] [[Imperial Gazetteer of India]], 1909 v. 3, p. 341.</ref> The Ganges Canal led to another first for Roorkee — India's first steam engine, ''Jenny Lind'', (specially shipped from England moved on rails in India) ran in Roorkee on 22 December 1851, between Roorkee and [[Piran Kaliyar]],<ref name=":0" /> with an approximate distance of 7.6 km. two years before the first passenger train ran from Bombay to Thane in 1853. Operated by the [[Bengal Sappers]], the railway line was built to carry soil used for the construction of the Upper Ganges Canal aqueduct from Piran Kaliyar, 10 km (6.2 miles) from the city.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book|title=Report on the Ganges canal works:from their commencement until the opening of the canal in 1854.|last=Cautley|first=Proby Thomas|date=1 January 1860|publisher=London|pages=440|hdl = 2027/uc1.$c19601}}</ref><ref>[http://www.hinduonnet.com/2002/08/10/stories/2002081000040800.htm First train ran between Roorkee and Piran Kaliyar], ''[[The Hindu]]'', 10 August 2002.</ref> The locomotive rail paths are still intact. A replica of what the locomotive is thought to have looked like is exhibited at Roorkee Railway Station.

The municipality of Roorkee was created in 1868.<ref name=roor/> Now it is a Municipal Corporation. It had been home to the [[Bengal Sappers and Miners]] since 1853, and two artillery units were stationed there.<ref name=roor/> Today, the [[Roorkee Cantonment]] has a large army base. The [[Bengal Engineer Group|Bengal Engineering Group and Centre]] (BEG&C), are still there today.

In 1901, when the city had a population of 17,197, it was made headquarters of the Roorkee [[Tehsil]], in [[Saharanpur]] district of the [[United Provinces of Agra and Oudh|United Province]] of the [[British Raj]]; the tehsil included in it 426 villages (of the ''parganas'' of Jwalapur, [[Manglaur]] and Bhagwanpur) and six towns, most important among them being [[Haridwar]] and [[Manglaur]].<ref name=gaze/> The Old Cemetery in the city is a protected monument, by the [[Archaeological Survey of India]].<ref>[http://asi.nic.in/asi_monu_alphalist_uttranchal.asp Alphabetical List of Monuments – Uttarakhand] ''[[Archaeological Survey of India]]'' website.</ref>

==Geography==
Roorkee is located at {{Coord|29.87|N|77.88|E}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fallingrain.com/world/IN/39/Roorkee.html |title=Falling Rain Genomics, Inc – Roorkee |publisher=Fallingrain.com |access-date=27 December 2011}}</ref> It has an average elevation of 268 metres (879 feet).

Roorkee is {{convert|184.3|km|mi|abbr=}} north of the Indian capital, New Delhi, between the rivers [[Ganges River|Ganges]] and [[Yamuna]], close to the foothills of the [[Himalayas]]. It is 70.02 kilometres away from Dehradun, the capital of Uttarakhand, and 13 kilometers away from BhagwanpuR. Before the creation of [[Uttarakhand]] on 9 November 2000,<ref>[http://india.gov.in/business/investment_incentives/uttarakhand/uttarakhand.php Uttarakhand] Govt. of India, Official website.</ref> Roorkee was a part of the state of [[Uttar Pradesh]].

The city is located in the Roorkee plain which is composed of recent alluvium with a gentle slope. As per the census 2011, this region is spread over 129.88 km2.<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|title=Cencus of India- 2011, District census handbook-Hardwar- Village and town directory|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0513_PART_A_DCHB_HARDWAR.pdf|access-date=15 September 2020|website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref>

==Climate==
In Roorkee, the climate is warm and temperate. Roorkee is a city with significant rainfall. The climate here is classified as Cfa by the Köppen-Geiger system. The average annual temperature in Roorkee is 23.7 °C. In a year, the average rainfall is 1170 mm.
{{climate chart
|Roorkee
|2|22|0
|6|25|230
|7|30|40
|10|37|0
|16|38|100
|21|39|40
|20|34|700
|22|34|800
|22|33|460
|12|30|0
|7|27|10
|4|22|190
| source = [http://www.ess.co.at/GAIA/CASES/IND/RKE/Roorkee.html#clim GAIA case studies]
| float = right
| clear = right
}}

{{Weather box|width=auto
| location = Roorkee (1981–2010, extremes 1901–2012)
| metric first = Yes
| single line = Yes
| Jan record high C = 30.1
| Feb record high C = 31.9
| Mar record high C = 39.0
| Apr record high C = 43.8
| May record high C = 47.4
| Jun record high C = 46.7
| Jul record high C = 45.0
| Aug record high C = 39.8
| Sep record high C = 38.3
| Oct record high C = 38.3
| Nov record high C = 33.9
| Dec record high C = 30.5
| year record high C = 47.4
| Jan high C = 20.1
| Feb high C = 23.5
| Mar high C = 28.8
| Apr high C = 35.2
| May high C = 37.7
| Jun high C = 37.6
| Jul high C = 33.8
| Aug high C = 32.7
| Sep high C = 32.7
| Oct high C = 31.5
| Nov high C = 27.4
| Dec high C = 22.5
| year high C = 30.3
| Jan low C = 6.2
| Feb low C = 8.4
| Mar low C = 13.1
| Apr low C = 18.3
| May low C = 22.5
| Jun low C = 24.4
| Jul low C = 25.0
| Aug low C = 24.6
| Sep low C = 22.7
| Oct low C = 17.0
| Nov low C = 11.3
| Dec low C = 7.3
| year low C = 16.7
| Jan record low C = -1.1
| Feb record low C = -2.2
| Mar record low C = 2.8
| Apr record low C = 7.2
| May record low C = 11.1
| Jun record low C = 16.1
| Jul record low C = 18.8
| Aug record low C = 19.0
| Sep record low C = 15.2
| Oct record low C = 8.9
| Nov record low C = 2.2
| Dec record low C = -0.7
| year record low C = -2.2
| rain colour = green
| Jan rain mm = 31.0
| Feb rain mm = 39.8
| Mar rain mm = 34.7
| Apr rain mm = 10.7
| May rain mm = 31.8
| Jun rain mm = 79.8
| Jul rain mm = 255.8
| Aug rain mm = 265.7
| Sep rain mm = 183.3
| Oct rain mm = 18.9
| Nov rain mm = 3.9
| Dec rain mm = 18.1
| year rain mm = 973.5
| Jan rain days = 2.2
| Feb rain days = 2.5
| Mar rain days = 2.4
| Apr rain days = 1.4
| May rain days = 2.8
| Jun rain days = 4.3
| Jul rain days = 9.5
| Aug rain days = 11.2
| Sep rain days = 5.7
| Oct rain days = 1.0
| Nov rain days = 0.5
| Dec rain days = 1.1
| year rain days = 44.6
|time day = 17:30 [[Indian Standard Time|IST]]
| Jan humidity = 62
| Feb humidity = 53
| Mar humidity = 44
| Apr humidity = 35
| May humidity = 37
| Jun humidity = 47
| Jul humidity = 69
| Aug humidity = 74
| Sep humidity = 68
| Oct humidity = 57
| Nov humidity = 59
| Dec humidity = 60
|year humidity = 56
|source 1 = [[India Meteorological Department]]<ref name=IMDnormals>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205040301/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/1981-2010%20CLIM%20NORMALS%20%28STATWISE%29.pdf
| title = Station: Roorkee Climatological Table 1981–2010
| work = Climatological Normals 1981–2010
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = January 2015
| pages = 671–672
| access-date = 15 February 2020}}</ref><ref name=IMDextremes>
{{cite web
| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200205042509/http://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| archive-date = 5 February 2020
| url = https://imdpune.gov.in/library/public/EXTREMES%20OF%20TEMPERATURE%20and%20RAINFALL%20upto%202012.pdf
| title = Extremes of Temperature & Rainfall for Indian Stations (Up to 2012)
| publisher = India Meteorological Department
| date = December 2016
| page = M228
| access-date = 15 February 2020}}</ref>
}}

==Demographics==
{{bar box
|title= Population in Roorkee City<ref name=census2011>{{cite web
|publisher=Office of the Registrar General and Census Commissioner, India | url=http://www.census2011.co.in/census/metropolitan/26-roorkee.html| title=Population in Roorkee City 2011 |access-date=18 December 2017}}</ref>

|titlebar=#Fcd116
|left1=Religion
|right1=Percent
|float=right
|bars=
{{bar percent|[[Hinduism]]|orange|72.72}}
{{bar percent|[[Islam]]|green|23.62}}
{{bar percent|[[Sikh]]|red|1.54}}
{{bar percent|[[Jainism|Jains]]|blue|1.02}}
{{bar percent|Christians|yellow|0.94}}
{{bar percent|Others|black|0.16}}}}

The Roorkee Tehsil is the most populous among the three Tehsils in the Haridwar District with 35.17% of its population categorized as urban.<ref name=":1" /> According to the [[2011 census of India|2011 census]] Roorkee city has a [[Demographics of India|population]] of 273,502,<ref name=districtcensus>{{cite web | url = http://www.census2011.co.in/census/city/27-roorkee.html | title = City Census 2011 | access-date = 30 September 2011 | year = 2011 | publisher = Census2011.co.in}}</ref> within the area of 8.11 square kilometres.<ref>{{Cite web|title=District census handbook-Hardwar-Village and townwise Primary Census Abstract (PCA)|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0513_PART_B_DCHB_HARDWAR.pdf|access-date=15 September 2020|website=Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India}}</ref> The average literacy rate of Roorkee is 89.48%<ref name="census2011" /> The sex ratio of the town as-off 2011, is 863 for all age groups while between the age 0-6 it is 820.<ref name=":1" />

== Government and Politics ==
For administrative purposes, the Roorkee city is part of the Haridwar district's Roorkee Tehsil.<ref>{{Cite web|title=DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK HARDWAR VILLAGE AND TOWN WISE PRIMARY CENSUS ABSTRACT (PCA)|url=https://censusindia.gov.in/2011census/dchb/0513_PART_B_DCHB_HARDWAR.pdf}}</ref> The city falls under the Roorkee Legislative Assembly constituency, which is one of the seventy electoral [[Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly]] constituencies of Uttarakhand state in [[India]].<ref>{{Cite web|title=Roorkee - Uttarakhand Assembly constituency Details|url=http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/searching.aspx?value=Roorkee&type=2|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180816065505/http://www.empoweringindia.org/new/searching.aspx?value=Roorkee&type=2|archive-date=16 August 2018|access-date=15 September 2020}}</ref>

=== Civic Administration ===
The governance of Roorkee city is done by the Roorkee Municipal Coorporation (RMC) which comes under Roorkee Metropolitan Region. According to the 2011 census, the RMC covers an areas of 28.91 km2 with 1.84 lakh population. The RMC is administered through the Uttar Pradesh Municipal Corporation Act 1959 which was adopted and amended by Uttarakhand. The act is administered by the Urban Development Department (UDD), Government of Uttarakhand.<ref name=":2" />

The council is formed every five years through ward councillors's elections and it holds the highest authority within the Urban Local Body (ULB) to make decisions. The council is headed by a Mayor, who is elected by the Ward Councillors from 40 municipal wards. A Municipal Commissioner (MC) is appointed by the state who is responsible for the operations of the ULB. The RMC is responsible for city related civic services like cleanliness of the city, solid waste management, maintenance of gardens/dividers/circles, street light, bio-medical waste, all storm water and wastewater drainage.<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|date=28 February 2019|title=Roorkee Municipal Corporation-ICRA|url=https://www.icra.in/Rationale/ShowRationaleReport/?Id=78091|access-date=15 September 2020}}</ref>

=== Politics ===
The RMC has 40 wards with a voter population of 14.05 lakh voters- split between nearly 7.26 lakh men and 6.79 lakh women voters.<ref>{{Cite news|title=Roorkee Municipal Corporation elections: Polling underway in 40 wards, result to be declared on Nov 24|work=DNA India|url=https://www.dnaindia.com/india/report-roorkee-municipal-corporation-elections-polling-underway-in-40-wards-result-to-be-declared-on-nov-24-2802813|access-date=15 September 2020}}</ref> The major political parties which are active in the local elections are Bhartiya Janta Party (BJP), Indian National Congress (INC), Bhartiya Lok Dal (BLD), Janta Party (JP), Lok Dal (LKD) and Samajwadi Party (SP).<ref>{{Cite news|date=24 November 2019|title=Roorkee Municipal Corporation Election Count Released, Congress leadsFor Mayor Post|work=News Track|url=https://english.newstracklive.com/news/roorkee-municipal-corporation-election-counting-result-2019-mc25-nu-1050251-1.html}}</ref>

== Economy ==
Roorkee is a main market area of the Haridwar district. It also has a manufacturing base for drawing, surveying and mathematical instruments which have a demand all over the country.<ref name=":1" />

== Languages ==
Major languages spoken in Roorkee are: [[Hindi]] 72% (including Garhwali Accent 0.35%, ), [[Urdu]] 23%, [[Punjabi language|Punjabi]] 3%, English 2%<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011Census/Language_MTs.html|title=Census of India Website : Office of the Registrar General & Census Commissioner, India|website=www.censusindia.gov.in|access-date=28 August 2018}}</ref>

==References==
{{Reflist}}

==External links==
{{commons category}}
*{{Wikivoyage-inline}}
*{{Cite EB1911 |wstitle=Roorkee |volume=23 |page=706}}
* Roorkee biggest online directory is {{URL|http://roorkeedigital.com/}}

{{Haridwar district}}
{{Municipalities of Uttarakhand}}

{{Authority control}}{{URL|

{{Uttarakhand}}

[[Category:Roorkee| ]]
[[Category:Cities and towns in Haridwar district]]
[[Category:Cities in Uttarakhand]]