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{{Use British English|date=August 2022}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2021}}
{{Infobox military person
|name= Sir Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman
|image=
|image_size=
|alt=
|caption=
|nickname= Chaps
|birth_date= {{Birth date|1899|01|17|df=yes}}
|birth_place= [[British Guiana]]
|death_date= {{Death date and age|1978|04|28|1899|01|17|df=yes}}
|death_place=
|placeofburial=
|allegiance= {{flag|United Kingdom}} {{flag|India}}
|branch= {{army|United Kingdom}} (1917–1918) {{air force|United Kingdom}} (1918–1957) {{air force|India}} (1950–51)
|serviceyears= 1917–1957
|rank= [[Air chief marshal]]
|unit=
|commands= [[RAF Home Command|Home Command]] (1952) [[Chief of Air Staff (India)|Indian Air Force]] (1950–51) [[No. 38 Group RAF|No. 38 Group]] (1945–46) [[RAF Elsham Wolds]] (1943–44) [[RAF Linton-on-Ouse]] (1940–41)
|battles= [[First World War]] [[Kabul airlift of 1928–1929|Kabul Airlift]] [[Second World War]]
|awards= Knight Grand Cross of the [[Order of the Bath]] Knight Commander of the [[Order of the British Empire]] [[Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)|Distinguished Flying Cross]] [[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]] [[Mentioned in dispatches]]
|relations=
|laterwork= Director of Resettlement at the Ministry of Labour President of the Council of Cheltenham College
}}
[[Air Chief Marshal]] '''Sir Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman''', {{postnominals|country=GBR|size=100%|sep=,|GCB|KBE|DFC|AFC}} (17 January 1899 – 28 April 1978) was a senior commander in the [[Royal Air Force]] in the middle of the 20th century and the penultimate RAF commander-in-chief of the [[Indian Air Force]].

==Early life and the First World War==
Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman was born on 17 January 1899 in [[British Guiana]].<ref name=Abidi>{{Cite book |last=Abidi |first=S. Sartaj Alam |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=k35_SlDMyUsC&newbks=0&printsec=frontcover&pg=PA145 |title=Services Chiefs of India |last2=Sharma |first2=Satinder |date=2007 |publisher=Northern Book Centre |isbn=81-7211-162-2 |location=New Delhi |pages=145-146 |language=en}}</ref> He came to England with his parents in 1903 and attended [[Cheltenham College]].<ref name=Abidi/> He joined the [[Royal Flying Corps]] in 1917 and served as a [[Bristol F.2 Fighter|Bristol Fighter]] pilot on the western front with [[No. 10 Squadron RAF|10 Squadron]] in the last eleven months of the war.<ref name="falconer" />

==Between the wars==
In January 1929, then a [[flight lieutenant]] in the RAF, he participated in the [[Kabul airlift of 1928–1929|Kabul Airlift]], a successful evacuation of the British [[Legation]] in [[Kabul]] amidst a civil war and a bitter winter.<ref name=Salmond1929p.3>{{cite book|last=Salmond|first=Sir Geoffrey|url=https://www.wdl.org/en/item/19374/view/1/5/|title=Report on the Air Operations in Afghanistan Between December 12th, 1928, and February 25th, 1929|date=1929|page=3}}</ref> On 27 January a Kabul-bound [[Vickers Victoria]], piloted by Ivelaw-Chapman, was forced to make an emergency landing in the mountainous [[Surobi District (Kabul)|Surobi District]].{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}} Rescued by an Afghan royalist officer,{{Citation needed|date=August 2021}} Ivelaw-Chapman was awarded the [[Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)|Air Force Cross]] for his handling of the incident.<ref name=Salmond1929p.3/>

==Second World War==
At the outbreak of the Second World War Ivelaw-Chapman, now a [[wing commander]], was part of the operations staff of [[RAF Bomber Command]] headquarters.<ref name="falconer" /> In June 1940 he was promoted to [[group captain]] and was appointed station commander at [[RAF Linton-on-Ouse]], a [[No. 4 Group RAF|No. 4 Group]] bomber station near [[York]].<ref name="falconer" /> In 1941 he returned to a staff job at the [[Air Ministry]] involved in [[Normandy landings|D-Day]] planning.<ref name="falconer" /> In 1943 he was again appointed a station commander at [[RAF Elsham Wolds]], a [[No. 1 Group RAF|No. 1 Group]] bomber station.

On the night of the 6/7 May 1944 Ivelaw-Chapman was flying as second pilot of a [[No. 576 Squadron RAF|No. 576 Squadron]] [[Avro Lancaster]] on a mission to bomb an ammunition dump at Aubigne in France. His aircraft was shot down by a night fighter and Ivelaw-Chapman went on the run.<ref name="falconer" /> Because of his experience and knowledge Churchill ordered the French resistance to do all they could to help him return to England, he was to be killed if he was in danger of being captured by the Germans.<ref name="falconer" /> He was captured by the Gestapo on 8 June 1944, the most senior Bomber Command officer to have been captured by the Germans. Churchill's fear was unfounded as the Germans did not realise his importance and he was treated as an ordinary prisoner of war.<ref name="falconer" />

==Post war==
After the war he was promoted to [[air vice marshal]] and assumed command of [[No. 38 Group RAF|No. 38 Group]] at Marks Hall, [[Earls Colne Airfield|Earls Colne]], Essex. In 1950 he became an [[air chief marshal]] and accepted the post of Commander-in-Chief of the newly formed Indian Air Force. On his return to the UK he became Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief at [[RAF Home Command|Home Command]] in March 1952, [[Deputy Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)|Deputy Chief of the Air Staff]] in November 1952 and [[Vice-Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)|Vice-Chief of the Air Staff]] in 1953 before he retired in 1957.<ref name="falconer" />

==Family==
In 1930 he married his fiancée Margaret.<ref name=Abidi/>

==References==
===Notes===
{{reflist|refs=
* <ref name="falconer">Falconer 2003, page 209</ref>|30em
}}

===Bibliography===
* {{cite book |last= Falconer |first= Jonathan |title=Bomber Command Handbook 1939–1945 |year=2003 |publisher=Sutton Publishing |location=Stroud, England |isbn=0-7509-3171-X}}
* {{cite book |last= Ivelaw-Chapman |first= John |title=High Endeavour |year=1993 |publisher=Leo Cooper/Pen & Sword Books |location=Barnsley, South Yorkshire |pages=164|isbn=0-85052-316-8}}
* {{cite book |last= Ivelaw-Chapman & Baker |first= Sir Ronald & Anne |title=Wings Over Kabul |year=1975 |publisher=Kimber |location=London |isbn=0-7183-0184-6}}
* [http://www.rafweb.org/Biographies/Ivelaw-Chapman.htm Air of Authority – A History of RAF Organisation – Air Chief Marshal Sir Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman]
* {{cite web |title=Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman – Bharat Rakshak |url=https://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/personnel/chiefs/ivelaw-chapman/ |access-date=11 November 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221111095341/https://www.bharat-rakshak.com/IAF/personnel/chiefs/ivelaw-chapman/ |archive-date=11 November 2022}}

==External links==
* [https://www.northlincsweb.net/RAFElshamWolds/html/ivelaw-chapman.html Air Chief Marshal Sir Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman GCB KBE DFC AFC]

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Thomas Elmhirst|Sir Thomas Elmhirst]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Chief of Air Staff (India)|Commander in Chief, Indian Air Force]]|years=1950–1951}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Gerald Gibbs (RAF officer)|Sir Gerald Gibbs]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Robert Foster (RAF officer)|Sir Robert Foster]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief [[RAF Home Command|Home Command]]|years=March – November 1952}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Harold Lydford|Sir Harold Lydford]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[John Baker (RAF officer)|Sir John Baker]]|rows=2}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Deputy Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)|Deputy Chief of the Air Staff]]|years=1952–1953}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Thomas Pike|Sir Thomas Pike]]}}
|-
{{s-ttl|title=[[Vice Chief of the Air Staff (United Kingdom)|Vice-Chief of the Air Staff]]|years=1953–1957}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Edmund Hudleston|Sir Edmund Hudleston]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{Chief of the Air Staff (India)}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Ivelaw-Chapman, Ronald}}
[[Category:1899 births]]
[[Category:1978 deaths]]
[[Category:British aviators]]
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of the British Empire]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Air Force Cross (United Kingdom)]]
[[Category:Recipients of the Distinguished Flying Cross (United Kingdom)]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force air marshals]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force personnel of World War I]]
[[Category:Royal Air Force pilots of World War II]]
[[Category:Royal Flying Corps officers]]
[[Category:Shot-down aviators]]
[[Category:World War II prisoners of war held by Germany]]
[[Category:British World War II prisoners of war]]
[[Category:Chiefs of Air Staff (India)]]

Ronald Ivelaw-Chapman - Revision history

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