https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Rohini_Satellite_1Rohini Satellite 1 - Revision history2026-10-27T22:58:40ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rohini_Satellite_1&diff=530753&oldid=prevErmelindaDez: done.2025-06-16T10:05:44Z<p>done.</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Short description|First satellite launched entirely by India}}<br />
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{{Infobox spaceflight<br />
| name = Rohini 1<br />
| image = Stamp of India - 1981 - Colnect 505879 - Launch of Rohini Satellite.jpeg<br />
| image_caption = Stamp issued depicting the launch of SLV-3 and Rohini satellite<br />
| image_size = 250px<br />
<br />
| mission_type = [[Earth observation satellite|Earth observation]]<br />
| operator = [[Indian Space Research Organisation|ISRO]]<br />
| COSPAR_ID = 1980-062A<br />
| SATCAT = <br />
| website = https://www.isro.gov.in/<br />
| mission_duration = 1.2 years (operational), remained in orbit for 20 months<br />
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| spacecraft = RS-1<br />
| spacecraft_type = <br />
| spacecraft_bus = <br />
| manufacturer = [[Indian Space Research Organisation]]<br />
| launch_mass = {{cvt|35|kg}}<br />
| dry_mass = <br />
| dimensions = 0.7m long, 0.6m diameter<br />
| power = 16 W<br />
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| launch_date = 18 July 1980, 8:04 AM IST (2:34 AM GST)<br />
| launch_rocket = [[Satellite Launch Vehicle]], [[SLV-3]]<br />
| launch_site = [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]]<br />
| launch_contractor = [[Indian Space Research Organisation]]<br />
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| entered_service = July 1980<br />
| disposal_type = atmospheric re-entry <br />
| deactivated = 20 May 1981<br />
| last_contact =<br />
<br />
| orbit_reference = [[Geocentric orbit]]<br />
| orbit_regime = [[Low Earth orbit]]<br />
| orbit_periapsis = {{cvt|305|km}}<br />
| orbit_apoapsis = {{cvt|919|km}}<br />
| orbit_inclination = 44.7°<br />
| orbit_period = 96.90 minutes<br />
| apsis = gee<br />
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| instruments = Digital sun sensor, Magnetometer and temperature sensors<br />
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| programme = [[Rohini (satellite)|Rohini]]<br />
| previous_mission = [[Rohini Technology Payload|RTP]]<br />
| next_mission = [[RS-D1]]<br />
}}<br />
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'''Rohini Satellite 1''' or '''RS-1''' is the first satellite successfully launched by India using indigenously developed rockets. After the launch on 18 July 1980 by a [[Satellite Launch Vehicle|SLV]] rocket, India became the [[Timeline of first orbital launches by country|7th country]] to have rocket launching capability.<br />
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The satellite was spin-stabilised and provided data regarding the fourth stage of [[Satellite Launch Vehicle|SLV]] rocket.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://scroll.in/article/892545/blast-from-the-past-an-insiders-account-of-indias-first-successful-experimental-satellite-launch|title=Blast from the past: An insider’s account of India’s first successful experimental satellite launch}}</ref><br />
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==Launch==<br />
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Launched 8:04 AM IST from [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre]], it was the first successful orbital launch from the centre. It achieved orbit {{convert|305|x|919|km|mi|abbr=on}} with an inclination of 44.7°, 8 minutes after the launch. It was launched after the failure of the first two [[Satellite Launch Vehicle|SLV]] launches. <br />
The SLV rocket consisted of 25&nbsp;km wiring, containing a million connections. 44 major systems and 250 subsystems were in the rocket. Individual components numbered about 100,000, and included almost 40,000 fasteners.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.firstpost.com/tech/news-analysis/independence-day-2023-rohini-the-forgotten-mother-of-indias-space-odyssey-12978542.html|title=Independence Day 2023: Rohini, the forgotten mother of India’s space odessey}}</ref> At the time of launch, it weighed 17 tonnes and had a height of 22 meters.<br />
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The vehicle's trajectory was monitored by four long and medium range radars. Long-range Interferometer and optical line theodolites also aided in tracking. Four computer systems received trajectory information from the tracking sources and processed the data simultaneously. They displayed the vehicle's path on monitors in the range safety room of the control centre. [[Satish Dhawan Space Centre|Sriharikota]], Car Nicobar, [[Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre|Trivandrum]] and [[Space Applications Centre|Ahmedabad]] centres joined in to provide tracking and telemetry support for the satellite. <br />
Mediapersons were not allowed to the space centre during the launch. Many viewed the launch and the 5&nbsp;km high white smoke from afar.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/india-news/india-achieves-satellite-launch-capability-with-slv-3-rocket-successfully-puts-rohini-satellite-into-orbit-101689964367295.html|title=From HT Archives: India successfully launches Rohini on indigenous rocket}}</ref><br />
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==Design==<br />
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The satellite had a weight of 35&nbsp;kg, and was spin stabilized. It carried instruments such as digital [[Sun sensor]], Magnetometer and temperature sensors atop a structure made out of Aluminium Alloy. It carried solar panels to produce 16W of electricity. It used a [[Very high frequency|VHF band]] for communications.<ref name="Isro-Rs1">{{cite web |url=http://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/rs-1-1 |title=RS-1 |author=<!--Staff writer(s); no by-line.--> |date=25 October 2015 |website=ISRO.gov |publisher=ISRO |access-date=25 October 2015 |archive-date=31 July 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170731193346/http://www.isro.gov.in/Spacecraft/rs-1-1 |url-status=dead }}</ref> It provided data on the fourth stage of SLV. The satellite had mission life of 1.2 years and an orbital life of 20 months. It was planned to have a lifespan of 100 days.<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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[[Category:Satellites of India]]<br />
[[Category:Satellites in low Earth orbit]]</div>ErmelindaDez