imported>El Roih: added mention of rh-560 mk iii

2021-03-13T16:12:00Z

added mention of rh-560 mk iii

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{{short description|sounding rockets}}
'''Rohini''' is a series of [[sounding rockets]] developed by the [[Indian Space Research Organisation]] (ISRO) for [[meteorological]] and atmospheric study. These sounding rockets are capable of carrying [[Payload (air and space craft)|payloads]] of {{convert|2|to|200|kg}} between altitudes of {{convert|100|to|500|km}}.<ref>{{cite news|last=Subramanium|first=T S|title=Reaching out to the stars|url=http://www.flonnet.com/fl2101/stories/20040116004011600.htm|access-date=10 March 2012|newspaper=Frontline|date=16 January 2004|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100219205953/http://flonnet.com/fl2101/stories/20040116004011600.htm|archive-date=19 February 2010}}</ref> The ISRO currently uses RH-200, RH-300, RH-300 Mk-II, RH-560 Mk-II and RH-560 Mk-III rockets, which are launched from the [[Thumba Equatorial Rocket Launching Station]] (TERLS) in [[Thumba]] and the [[Satish Dhawan Space Center]] in [[Sriharikota]].
[[File:Rohini rockets family shapes-03.jpg|thumb|Rohini rocket family]]

==Nomenclature==
The rockets in the series are designated with the letters RH (for "Rohini"), followed by a number corresponding to the diameter (in millimetres) of the rocket.<ref>{{cite web|title=ISRO > FAQ|url=http://www.isro.org/scripts/faq.aspx#a14|work=Frequently Asked Questions: ISRO|publisher=Indian Space Research Organisation}}</ref>

=={{anchor|RH-75|RH-125|RH-200|RH-300|RH-560}}Series==
;RH-75
The RH-75, the first sounding rocket developed by India,<ref>{{cite news|last=Chari|first=Sridhar K|title=Sky is not the limit|url=http://www.tribuneindia.com/2006/20060722/saturday/main1.htm|access-date=10 March 2012|newspaper=The Tribune|date=22 July 2006}}</ref> was launched from TERLS on November 20, 1967.<ref>http://www.isro.org/scripts/faq.aspx</ref> It weighed {{convert|32|kg}}, had a diameter of {{convert|75|mm|in}} and flew 15 times between November 1967 and September 1968.

;RH-125
This rocket was launched on October 9, 1971 from Sriharikota. It was a [[Two-stage-to-orbit|two-stage rocket]] using a [[Propellant#Solid propellant|solid propellant]], carrying a {{convert|7|kg}} payload to {{convert|19|km}} in altitude. It flew twice between January 1970 and October 1971.

;RH-200
The RH-200 has a maximum launch altitude of {{convert|70|km}}.<ref name=TH1501>{{cite news|last=Venugopal|first=P|title=Ten rockets fired to study solar eclipse|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/article80825.ece|access-date=11 March 2012|newspaper=The Hindu|date=15 January 2010}}</ref>

;RH-300

The Rh-300 is a single stage sounding rocket, derived from French Belier rocket engine technology. It has a launch altitude of 100 km (62 mi).
A variant, the RH-300 Mk-II, has a maximum launch altitude of {{convert|116|km}}.<ref name=TH1501 />

;RH-560
This two stage vehicle is derived from French Stromboli engine technology. Another variant, the RH-560 Mk-II, can reach a maximum launch altitude of {{convert|548|km}}.<ref name=TH1501 /> The RH-560 Mk-III variant's maiden flight (the flight was successful) was 12 March 2021.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://twitter.com/isro/status/1370399457833971713/photo/3 |title=Launch of sounding rocket (RH-560) |date=12 March 2021 |accessdate=12 March 2021}}</ref>

==Applications==
The RH-200 is used for meteorological studies, the RH-300 Mk-II for upper-atmospheric studies and the RH-560 Mk-II for ionospheric studies. The RH-200 was used as the rocket for the first payload launch in India made by students of [[Vellore Institute of Technology|VIT University]] in [[Vellore]].<ref>{{cite news|title=Isro launches rocket with part made by students|url=http://www.financialexpress.com/news/isro-launches-rocket-with-part-made-by-students/643498/0|access-date=25 July 2013|newspaper=The Financial Express|date=8 July 2010}}</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|+Rohini series of sounding rockets
! Name || RH 75 || RH 125 || RH 200/125 || RH-300 || RH-300 Mk II || RH-300/200/200 || RH-560/300 || RH-560/300 Mk II
|-
| Gross mass || 8 kg (18 lb) || 40 kg (88 lb) || 100 kg (220 lb) || 300 kg (660 lb) || 500 kg (1,100 lb) || 500 kg (1,100 lb) || 1,300 kg (2,800 lb) || 1,600 kg (3,530 lb)
|-
| Height || 1.50 m (4.90 ft) || 2.50 m (8.20 ft) || 3.60 m (11.80 ft) || 4.10 m (13.40 ft) || 5.90 m (19.30 ft) || 8.00 m (26.20 ft) || 8.40 m (27.50 ft) || 9.10 m (29.80 ft)
|-
| Diameter || 0.0800 m (0.2620 ft) || 0.12 m (0.39 ft) || 0.20 m (0.65 ft) || 0.31 m (1.01 ft) || 0.31 m (1.01 ft) || 0.31 m (1.01 ft) || 0.56 m (1.83 ft) || 0.56 m (1.83 ft)
|-
| Thrust || || 8.00 kN (1,798 lbf) || 17.00 kN (3,821 lbf) || 38.00 kN (8,542 lbf) || 39.00 kN (8,767 lbf) || 38.00 kN (8,542 lbf) || 76.00 kN (17,085 lbf) || 76.00 kN (17,085 lbf)
|-
| Apogee || {{convert|10|km}} || {{convert|20|km}} || {{convert|80|km}} || {{convert|100|km}} || {{convert|150|km}} || {{convert|300|km}} || {{convert|400|km}} || {{convert|500|km}}
|-
| Stages || 1 || 1 || 2 || 1 || 1 || 3 || 2 || 2
|-
| First Launch || 20 November 1967 || 1 January 1970 || 1 January 1979 || || 8 June 1987|| 1 November 1985 || 24 April 1974 || 16 August 1995
|-
| Payload (kg) || 1 || 7 || 10 || 60 || 70 || || || 100
|}

==References==
{{Reflist}}

{{Rocket families}}
{{Suborbital rocket engines}}
{{Indian space programme}}

{{Use Indian English|date=January 2014}}

[[Category:Sounding rockets of India]]
[[Category:Space programme of India]]

Rohini (rocket family) - Revision history

imported>El Roih: added mention of rh-560 mk iii