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'''Robert Mignan''' (1803 – 3 June 1852) was a British military officer, explorer, and author. He was fellow of the [[Linnean Society of London]] and member of the [[Royal Asiatic Society of Great Britain and Ireland]].<br />
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Mignan entered the [[Bombay Army]] in 1819 and became a lieutenant of the [[101st Regiment of Foot (Royal Bengal Fusiliers)|1st European Regiment]] on 3 May 1820.<ref name="MEB">{{cite book |editor1-last=Boase |editor1-first=Frederic |title=Modern English Biography: I-Q |date=1897 |publisher=Netherton and Worth |page=869 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_IVmAAAAMAAJ&q=Chaldaea |chapter=Mignan, Robert}}</ref> In January 1821, he was part of an expeditionary force of 2,695 men under the command of General [[Sir Lionel Smith, 1st Baronet|Lionel Smith]] sent on a [[Beni Boo Alli (battle honour)|punitive campaign]] against the Bani Bu Ali tribe in [[Oman]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Marshall |first1=Brian |editor1-last=Bidwell |editor1-first=R.L. |editor2-last=Rex Smith |editor2-first=G |editor3-last=Smart |editor3-first=J.R. |title=New Arabian Studies 2 |date=1994 |publisher=University of Exeter Press |isbn=9780859894524 |pages=20–21 |chapter=European Travellers in Oman and Southeast Arabia 1795–1950: A Biobibliographical Study}}</ref><br />
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In the 1820s, Mignan commanded the escort attached to the resident of the [[British East India Company]]. Between 1826 and 1828, Mignan made several archaeological excursions into the little known regions of [[Iraq]], visiting such sites as [[Ctesiphon]] and [[Babylon]]. He published ''Travels in Chaldæa: Including a Journey from Bussorah to Bagdad, Hillah, and Babylon, Performed on Foot in 1827'' in 1829.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Hilprecht |first1=Hermann Vollrat |authorlink1=Hermann Vollrat Hilprecht |title=The Excavations in Assyria and Babylonia |year=2011|orig-year=1904 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=9781108025645 |pages=51–52}}</ref><br />
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In 1829 Mignan departed, with his family, from [[London]] to return to his military duties in India. Travelling through [[St. Petersburg]], the [[Russian Empire|Russian]] capital, he joined Prince [[Khosrow Mirza]], [[Qajar Persia|Persian]] envoy extraordinary, returning to Persia after conveying regrets at the murder of the Russian diplomat [[Alexander Griboedov]] in [[Teheran]]. While in St. Petersburg, Mignan met the Prussian scholar [[Alexander von Humboldt]] who convinced him to explore the western coastline of the [[Caspian Sea]]. His winter journey on a difficult route via [[Novocherkassk]] and through the [[Caucasus]] to [[Tiflis]], the capital of [[Georgia within the Russian Empire|Russian Georgia]], and further south into northwestern Persia in 1829 and 1830 is described in Mignan's travelogue ''A Winter Journey through Russia, the Caucasian Alps, and Georgia'', published in London in 1839.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Cross |first1=Anthony |title=In the lands of the Romanovs: an annotated bibliography of first-hand English-language accounts of the Russian Empire (1613-1917) |date=2014 |publisher=Open Book Publishers |isbn=9781783740574 |page=155}}</ref><br />
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Mignan was promoted to captain on 11 September 1830 and major of the right wing on 15 August 1847. His last commission was [[Brevet (military)|brevet lieutenant colonel]] on 7 June 1849. He died in [[Pune|Poonah]] in 1852.<ref name="MEB"/><br />
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== Bibliography ==<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Mignant |first1=Robert |title=Travels in Chaldæa: Including a Journey from Bussorah to Bagdad, Hillah, and Babylon, Performed on Foot in 1827. With Observations on the Sited and Remains of Babel, Seleucia, and Ctesiphon |date=1829 |location=London |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=uZkLAAAAYAAJ&q=%22Travels+in+Chald%C3%A6a%3A+Including+a+Journey+from+Bussorah%22}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Mignan |first1=Robert |title=A Brief Sketch of the Present State of Georgia, now a Russian Province |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |date=1834 |volume=3 |pages=232–238 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ap5JAAAAcAAJ&q=%22A+brief+sketch+of+the+present+state+of+Georgia%2C+now+a+Russian+Province%22&pg=PA232}}<br />
* {{cite journal |last1=Mignan |first1=Robert |title=Journal of a tour through Georgia, Persia, and Mesopotamia |journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal |date=1834 |volume=3, 4 |pages=271–280, 332–339. 456–463, 576–590, 602–620 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ap5JAAAAcAAJ&q=%22Journal+of+a+tour+through+Georgia%22&pg=PA332}}<br />
* {{cite book |last1=Mignan |first1=Robert |title=A Winter Journey through Russia, the Caucasian Alps, and Georgia, thence across Mount Zagos, and by the Pass of Xenophon and the Ten housand Greeks, into Koordistan |date=1839 |location=London |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=37V5iiMEb14C&q=A+Winter+Journey+through+Russia,+the+Caucasian+Alps,+and+Georgia|volume=1, 2}}<br />
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== References ==<br />
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mignan, Robert}}<br />
[[Category:1803 births]]<br />
[[Category:1852 deaths]]<br />
[[Category:British East India Company Army officers]]<br />
[[Category:Fellows of the Linnean Society of London]]<br />
[[Category:British explorers]]<br />
[[Category:British travel writers]]<br />
[[Category:British orientalists]]<br />
[[Category:Explorers of the Caucasus]]<br />
[[Category:Explorers of Iran]]</div>Bot