>GreenC bot: Rescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5

2021-04-21T21:53:43Z

Rescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5

New page

{{Use dmy dates|date=March 2021}}
{{Use British English|date=November 2012}}
{{Infobox architect
| name =
| image =
| image_size = 
| alt =
| caption =
| birth_name = Robe Fellowes Chisholm
| birth_date = {{Birth date|df=yes|1840|01|11}}
| birth_place = [[London]], [[England]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|df=yes|1915|05|28|1840|01|11}}
| death_place = [[Southsea]], England
| other_names =
| nationality = [[UK|British]]
| alma_mater =
| spouse =
| partner =
| children =
| parents =
| awards =
| practice =
| significant_buildings = [[Senate House (University of Madras)|Senate House, Madras]]<br>[[Laxmi Vilas Palace]]<br> [[Cadogan Hall]]
| significant_projects =
| significant_design = Pioneer of [[Indo-Saracenic]] style
| signature =
| website = 
| embedded = 
}}
'''Robert Fellowes Chisholm''' (11 January 1840 – 28 May 1915) was a British architect who pioneered the [[Indo-Saracenic]] style of architecture in [[Madras]].

== Early life ==

Chisholm was born in [[London]] on 11 January 1840<ref name=":0" /> (or on 3 November 1838, according to the Royal Institute of British Architects), and had his early education in the [[United Kingdom]], practising as a talented landscape painter in London during his youth. On completion of his education, he arrived at [[Calcutta]], [[India]] and moved to Madras in 1865, where he was appointed head of the school of industrial art.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web|url=http://www.oxfordartonline.com/view/10.1093/gao/9781884446054.001.0001/oao-9781884446054-e-7000017273|title=Chisholm, Robert Fellowes {{!}} Grove Art|language=en|doi=10.1093/gao/9781884446054.article.T017273|access-date=2018-08-08}}</ref>

== Career ==
[[File:Napier Museum 1.jpg|thumb|Napier Museum was designed by Robert Chisholm]]
In that same year, 1865, Chisholm began to design the older building of Presidency College, Madras. He initially constructed buildings in the Renaissance and Gothic styles of architecture.<ref name="encyclopediaarchitectsp415">{{cite book|title=Macmillan encyclopedia of architects, Volume 1|page=415|first=Adolf|last=K. Placzek|publisher=Free Press|year=1982|isbn=0029250005}}</ref> Also in 1865-67 he was designing the Nilgiri Library in [[Ootacamund]] (completed in 1869), and the Lawrence Memorial School in that same town (1865–69). The revenue board building in the [[Chepauk Palace]] complex, which was constructed by Chisholm in 1871,<ref name="muthiahp166168">[[#Muthiah|Muthiah]], pp 166-168</ref> was his first in the [[Indo-Saracenic]] or Muslim style of architecture.<ref name="jointenterpriserp44">{{cite book|title=A Joint Enterprise: Indian Elites and the Making of British Bombay|page=44|year=2011|first=Preeti|last=Chopra|publisher=University of Minnesota Press|isbn=978-0816670376}}</ref><ref name="britishdesignp278">{{cite book|title=British provincial civic design and the building of late-Victorian and Edwardian cities, 1880-1914|first=Ian|last=Morley|publisher=Edwin Mellen Press|year=2008|page=278}}</ref> Chisholm later emerged as a pioneer in the Indo-Saracenic style of architecture.<ref name="roughguidep421">{{cite book|title=The Rough Guide to South India|page=421|first1=David|last1=Abram|first2=Nick|last2=Edwards|publisher=[[Rough Guides]]|year=2003|isbn=1843531038}}</ref><ref name="cmda">{{cite web|title=Indo-Saracenic Architecture in Chennai|first=George J.|last=Jeyaraj |url= http://www.cmdachennai.gov.in/pdfs/seminar_heritage_buildings/Indo_Saracenic_Architecture_in_Chennai.pdf|publisher=Chennai Metropolitan Development Authority}}</ref>

Chisholm also constructed the Lawrence Asylum buildings (1865), [[Napier Museum]] Trivandrum,<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/Thiruvananthapuram/article2499934.ece | location=Chennai, India | work=The Hindu | first=G. | last=Anand | title=Museum band stand mayecho martial music again | date=30 September 2011}}</ref> [[Presidency College, Madras]] (1865–70) the [[Senate]] buildings of the [[University of Madras]] (1874–79),<ref name="roughguidep421" /><ref name="cmda" /><ref name="thehindu_20060903">{{cite news|title=Magnificience Restored|work=[[The Hindu]]|url= http://www.hindu.com/mag/2006/09/03/stories/2006090300180200.htm|archive-url= https://web.archive.org/web/20071230002541/http://www.hindu.com/mag/2006/09/03/stories/2006090300180200.htm|url-status= dead|archive-date= 30 December 2007|date=3 September 2006|first=S.|last=Muthiah|author-link=S. Muthiah|location=Chennai, India}}</ref> offices of the P. Orr & Sons<ref name="muthiahp62">[[#Muthiah|Muthiah]], p 62</ref> and the Post and Telegraph Office in Ootacamund (1875–83). Chisholm also enlarged and constructed a pavilion at the [[M. A. Chidambaram Stadium]].<ref name="muthiahp170">[[#Muthiah|Muthiah]], p 170</ref> Chisholm was appointed Consulting Architect to the Government of Madras in 1872 and served from 1872 to 1886.<ref name="muthiahp155">[[#Muthiah|Muthiah]], p 155</ref> In 1876 he was appointed to the newly established executive committee of management of the [[Government College of Fine Arts, Chennai|Madras School of Arts]],<ref name=sj-daniel>{{cite book |last=Daniel |first=S. J. |editor1-last=Clibborn |editor1-first=John |editor2-last=Radice |editor2-first=C. A. |editor3-last=Enthoven |editor3-first=Reginald Edward |editor3-link=Reginald Edward Enthoven |editor4-last=Westcott |editor4-first=Foss |editor4-link=Foss Westcott |title=Report on Industrial Education Part II Proceedings of Conferences |url=http://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/26872/GIPE-015605.pdf |location=Calcutta |publisher=Superintendent of Government Printing |date=1903 |pages=171–174 |chapter=A Brief History of the Madras School of Arts |access-date=6 October 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20171011075713/http://dspace.gipe.ac.in/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10973/26872/GIPE-015605.pdf |archive-date=2017-10-11 |url-status=live }}</ref>{{rp|173}} and was Officiating Superintendent of that institution from 1877 to 1883.<ref name=sj-daniel/>{{rp|171}} He was also responsible for the Bombay Municipal Offices and the immense [[Laxmi Vilas Palace, Vadodara|Laxmi Vilas Palace]] in [[Vadodara|Baroda]] (Vadodara) during 1880–90. He returned to London in 1902, where his best-known London building is [[Cadogan Hall]] (originally First Church of Christ, Scientist), near Sloane Square. He also designed an uncompleted Indian Museum in Belvedere Road, [[Lambeth]], London.<ref name=":0" />

== Death ==

Chisholm died on 28 May 1915 at [[Southsea]] at the age of 75.<ref name=":0" />

== Notes ==

{{reflist}}

== References ==
* {{cite book | title=Madras Rediscovered| last=Muthiah| first=S.| year=2004| author-link=S. Muthiah| publisher=East West Books (Madras) Pvt Ltd| isbn=81-88661-24-4|ref=Muthiah}}
* Hockings, Paul: Encyclopaedia of the Nilgiri Hills, pt. 1 (2012). New Delhi: Manohar Publishers (New Delhi). {{ISBN|978-81-7304-893-7}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Chisholm, Robert}}
[[Category:19th-century births]]
[[Category:1915 deaths]]
[[Category:Year of birth uncertain]]
[[Category:Architects from London]]
[[Category:People of British India]]
[[Category:History of Chennai]]

Robert Chisholm (architect) - Revision history

>GreenC bot: Rescued 1 archive link. Wayback Medic 2.5