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{{Short description|British Indian Army general}}
{{Infobox military person
|name= Sir Robert Cassels
|image=
|caption=
|birth_date= {{birth date|1876|03|15|df=y}}
|death_date = {{death date and age|1959|12|23|1876|03|15|df=y}}
|birth_place= [[Mumbai|Bombay]], [[Bombay Presidency]], [[British Raj|British India]]
|death_place= [[Battle, East Sussex|Battle]], [[England]], [[United Kingdom]]
|placeofburial=
|nickname=
|allegiance= United Kingdom
|branch= [[British Indian Army]]
|serviceyears= 1896–1941
|rank= [[General (United Kingdom)|General]]
|unit=
|commands= [[Commander-in-Chief, India]] [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command, India]] [[Peshawar District]] [[18th Indian Division]] [[11th Indian Cavalry Brigade]]
|battles= [[First World War]] [[Second World War]]
|awards= [[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] [[Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India]] [[Distinguished Service Order]] [[Legion of Honour|Officer of the Legion of Honour]] (France)
|relations= Field Marshal [[James Cassels (British Army officer)|Sir James Cassels]] (son)
}}
[[General (United Kingdom)|General]] '''Sir Robert Archibald Cassels''', {{post-nominals|country=GBR|sep=,|GCB|GCSI|DSO}} (15 March 1876 – 23 December 1959) was a [[British Indian Army]] officer. He was the father of Field Marshal [[James Cassels (British Army officer)|Sir James Cassels]].

==Military career==
Educated at [[Sedbergh School]] and the [[Royal Military College, Sandhurst]], Cassels was [[Commissioned officer|commissioned]] into the [[Indian Staff Corps]] as a second lieutenant on 22 January 1896.<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=26873| date=16 July 1897|page=3977}}</ref> He received promotion to lieutenant on 22 April 1898,<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=26987| date=15 July 1898|page=4276}}</ref> to captain on 22 January 1905<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=27778| date=24 March 1905|page=2280}}</ref> and to major on 22 January 1914.<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=28815| date=24 March 1914|page=2546}}</ref>

He went on to serve in the [[First World War]], receiving rapid and successive promotion to temporary lieutenant colonel on 19 January 1916,<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=29442| date=18 January 1916|page=739}}</ref> brevet lieutenant colonel on 3 June 1916,<ref name="London Gazette, 12 July 1917">{{London Gazette| issue=30179| date=12 July 1917|page=6976|supp=y}}</ref> brevet colonel in June 1917,<ref name="London Gazette, 12 July 1917"/> and to temporary brigadier general on 6 August 1917.<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=30271| date=6 September 1917|page=9249|supp=y}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette| issue=30538| date=22 February 1918|page=2340|supp=y}}</ref><ref name=lh>[http://www.kcl.ac.uk/lhcma/locreg/CASSELS1.shtml Liddell Hart Centre for Military Archives]</ref> In November 1917 he was appointed [[Commander]] of [[11th Indian Cavalry Brigade]] and took his brigade on a great turning movement up the left bank of the [[River Tigris]], outflanking the [[Turkey|Turks]] and helping to bring the [[Mesopotamian Campaign]] to an end.<ref>[https://news.google.com/newspapers?nid=1300&dat=19350408&id=lFQRAAAAIBAJ&sjid=j5UDAAAAIBAJ&pg=2435,3979048 India's Commander-in-Chief] The Age, 8 April 1935</ref> Following the war, he briefly commanded the [[18th Indian Division]] while it was stationed in the [[Middle East]].<ref>[http://www.generals.dk/general/Cassels/Sir_Robert_Archibald/Great_Britain.html Generals.dk]</ref>

Cassels was promoted to [[major general]] on 1 January 1919<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=31210| date=3 March 1919|page=2995|supp=y}}</ref> in the [[Cavalry]] in India when he was appointed [[Commander]] of [[Peshawar]] District.<ref name=lh/> He became [[Adjutant-General (India)|Adjutant-General, India]] in 1928, and was promoted to lieutenant general on 14 April (back-dated to 1 May 1927).<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=33280| date=25 May 1928|page=3605|supp=y}}</ref><ref>{{London Gazette| issue=33542| date=11 October 1929|page=6476}}</ref> He was promoted to general on 15 October 1929<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=33562| date=20 December 1929|page=8298 }}</ref> and appointed [[General Officer Commanding]]-in-Chief of [[Northern Command (India)|Northern Command, India]] in 1930.<ref name=lh/> He was next made [[Commander-in-Chief, India]] and a Member of the Executive Council of the [[Governor-General of India]] in 1935.<ref name=lh/> He continued in that post into the [[Second World War]] and retired in 1941.<ref name=lh/>

==Honours==
*[[Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]] – 3 June 1933<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=33946| date=3 June 1933|page=3801|supp=y}}</ref> (KCB – 3 June 1927;<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=33280| date=3 June 1927|page=3605|supp=y}}</ref> CB – c.1918)
*[[Knight Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India]] – 11 July 1940<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=34893| date=11 July 1940|page=4245|supp=y}}</ref> (CSI – c.1919)
*[[Distinguished Service Order]] – c.1919
*[[Legion of Honour|Officer of the Legion of Honour]] – 7 June 1919<ref>{{London Gazette| issue=31393| date=7 June 1919|page=7397|supp=y}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-mil}}
{{s-bef|before=[[John Shea (Indian Army officer)|Sir John Shea]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Adjutant-General (India)|Adjutant-General, India]]|years=1928–1930}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Norman MacMullen|Sir Norman MacMullen]]}}
|-
{{s-bef|before=[[Alexander Cobbe|Sir Alexander Cobbe]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Northern Command (India)|GOC-in-C, Northern Command, India]]|years=1930–1934}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Kenneth Wigram|Sir Kenneth Wigram]]}}
|-
{{succession box | title=[[Commander-in-Chief, India]] | before=[[Philip Chetwode, 1st Baron Chetwode|Sir Philip Chetwode]] | after=[[Claude Auchinleck|Sir Claude Auchinleck]] | years=1935–1941}}
{{end}}

{{Commander-in-Chief, India}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Cassels, Robert}}
[[Category:1876 births]]
[[Category:1959 deaths]]
[[Category:Indian Army generals of World War II]]
[[Category:Indian Staff Corps officers]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath]]
[[Category:Knights Grand Commander of the Order of the Star of India]]
[[Category:Companions of the Distinguished Service Order]]
[[Category:Indian Army cavalry generals of World War I]]
[[Category:English cricketers]]
[[Category:Europeans cricketers]]
[[Category:British Indian Army generals]]
[[Category:Military personnel of British India]]
[[Category:Members of the Council of the Governor General of India]]

Robert Cassels - Revision history

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