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Moving Category:British people of colonial India to Category:British people in colonial India per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2021 August 18#British people of colonial India

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{{Use dmy dates|date=May 2016}}
{{Infobox person
| name = Richard Isaac Bruce
| image = File:Bruce, Richard Isaac 1840-1926.png
| image_size = 250px
| caption = Frontispiece photo from ''The Forward Policy and its Results'', 1900
| birth_date = 1840
| birth_place =
| death_date = 1926
| death_place =
| other_names =
| known_for = Author of ''The Forward Policy, and its Results''
| occupation = Colonial administrator
| relatives =
| spouse =
}}
'''Richard Isaac Bruce''' {{post-nominals|country=GBR|CIE}} (1840-1926) was an English colonial officer and administrator serving on India's [[Military history of the North-West Frontier|North West Frontier]] during the early period of the [[British Raj]]. He is notable as the author of ''The Forward Policy and its Results'' (1900), part [[mémoire]] and biography, part argument supporting a '[[Forward Policy]]' espoused and practised locally by Bruce's superior, [[Robert Groves Sandeman]].

==Biography==
Richard Isaac Bruce, born in 1840, was the sixth son of Jonathan Bruce, a descendant of the [[Thomas Bruce, 1st Baron of Clackmannan|Bruce family of Clackmannan]] and a landowner with properties in the [[Ballyhea]] area of [[County Cork]] and in [[County Limerick]], [[Ireland]].<ref name="Grove">{{cite book|title=Historical and Topographical Notes etc. on Buttevant, Castletownroche, Doneraile, Mallow and places in their vicinity|first=Colonel James |last=Grove White|location=Cork|publisher=Guy and Company|date=1915|pages=101–103|url=http://www.corkpastandpresent.ie/places/northcorkcounty/grovewhitenotes/labbamolagatomilltowncastle/gw4_95_103.pdf}}</ref> Like many landlords of the time, the interests of the Bruce's had been badly damaged by the [[Great Famine (Ireland)|Great Famine]], denying the youngest son the opportunity of a profession and causing him to look instead to empire service. An older brother, the Rev. Robert Bruce, was a missionary for the [[Church Missionary Society]] on the North West Frontier, and secured openings for Richard inducing him to travel to [[Dera Ismail Khan District|Dera Ismail Khan]].<ref name="Bruce">{{cite book|first=Richard Isaac|last=Bruce|title=The Forward Policy and its Results|date=1900|url=https://archive.org/details/forwardpolicyan00brucgoog|location=London|publisher=Longham, Green & Co.|page=[https://archive.org/details/forwardpolicyan00brucgoog/page/n12 6]}}</ref>

He served on the staff of Robert Groves Sandeman; in the [[Second Anglo-Afghan War]] in 1878-9; on the North West Frontier of India at Daulatzai, 1884; and in the [[Zhob Valley Expedition]] of 1890 which led to the opening of the [[Gomal Pass]] in the same year.<ref name="IBD">{{cite web|title=The Indian Biographical Dictionary - Bruce, Richard Isaac|first=C.|last=Hayavadana Rao|url=https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Indian_Biographical_Dictionary_%281915%29/Bruce,_Richard_Isaac|date=1915}}</ref>

He was appointed British Commissioner on the Afghan Waziristan Delimitation Commission, 1894; at Wano, 1894; and in [[Waziristan]], 1894-5. He received thanks of Government on several occasions for distinguished services on the Frontier.<ref name="IBD"/> He took on the work of Sandeman on his death in 1892, seeking to extend British influence across the [[Durand Line]] by supporting and influencing key tribal leaders - a system which had worked successfully with the [[Baloch people|Baluch tribes-people]], who maintained a hierarchical authority system. This 'Sandeman system' worked less well with the [[Pashtuns|Pathans]] of Waziristan, who organised themselves on a more consensual basis through the [[Jirga]].<ref name="Stewart">{{cite book|title=The North West Frontier|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=WsA7AwAAQBAJ&pg=PT72 |pages=72–73 |first=Jules| last=Stewart| date=2013| publisher=The History Press|isbn = 9780752496078}}</ref>

Bruce died in 1926; his papers are stored in [[The National Archive]].<ref name="TNA">{{cite web|url=http://discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk/details/c/F47558|title=Bruce, Richard Isaac (1840-1924) Indian Civil Servant|website=The National Archive website|publisher=The National Archive}}</ref>

==Family==
Bruce married Lilla, daughter of the Rev. J. Beavor Webb, rector of [[Dunderrow]], and their issue was:<ref name="Grove"/>
#Jonathan Maxwell, captain in the [[Army of India|Indian army]]
#Rev. Robert Evans
#[[Charles Edward Bruce]], entered the Indian army and later followed in father's footsteps, eventually being appointed Chief Commissioner of [[Baluchistan]] in the 1920s.<ref name="times">{{cite news |title=Obituary: Lieut.-Col C. E. Bruce |work=[[The Times]] |page= 7 |date=26 January 1950}}</ref>
#Richard
#Oliver
#George Eyre, entered the Indian army
#Kathleen

==Publications==
*''Gazetter of Dera Ghazi Khan''
*''A Manual of the Beluchi language''
*''A History of the Marri-Beluch Tribe''
*''[https://archive.org/details/forwardpolicyan00brucgoog The Forward Policy and its Results]'', 1900

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Bruce, Richard Isaac}}
[[Category:1840 births]]
[[Category:1926 deaths]]
[[Category:British people of the Second Anglo-Afghan War]]
[[Category:British people of colonial India]]

Richard Isaac Bruce - Revision history

imported>JJMC89 bot III: Moving :Category:British people of colonial India to :Category:British people in colonial India per Wikipedia:Categories for discussion/Log/2021 August 18#British people of colonial India

>Citation bot: Removed parameters. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by AManWithNoPlan | Linked from User:AManWithNoPlan/sandbox3 | #UCB_webform_linked 954/1224