Richard Benyon of Madras - Revision history

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	'''Richard Benyon''' (1698–1774) was a British merchant and colonial administrator who served as the [[President of Madras]] from 23 January 1735 to 14 January 1744.~~<~~ref name="worldstatesmen"~~>~~{{cite web\|title=Provinces of British India\|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_BrProvinces.htm\|publisher=worldstatesmen}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		'''Richard Benyon''' (1698–1774) was a British merchant and colonial administrator who served as the [[President of Madras]] from 23 January 1735 to 14 January 1744.<ref name="worldstatesmen">{{cite web\|title=Provinces of British India\|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_BrProvinces.htm\|publisher=worldstatesmen}}</ref>

	== Early career ==		== Early career ==

	Benyon first arrived in [[Madras]] as a writer in 1710.~~<~~ref name="vestiges"~~>~~{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|volume=1\|pages=271–335\|first=H. D.\|last=Love\|publisher=John Murray\|year=1913}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~ In 1718, he was nominated to the council of [[Fort St. George]] and served till 1725, when he resigned and returned to England.~~<~~ref name="vestiges" /~~>~~ In 1732, he was nominated again as the second member of the council of Fort St. George.~~<~~ref name="vestiges" /~~>~~ When [[George Morton Pitt]] resigned as President of Madras in 1735, Benyon, who was the most senior member in the council was appointed president in his stead.~~<~~ref name="vestiges" /~~>~~		Benyon first arrived in [[Madras]] as a writer in 1710.<ref name="vestiges">{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|volume=1\|pages=271–335\|first=H. D.\|last=Love\|publisher=John Murray\|year=1913}}</ref> In 1718, he was nominated to the council of [[Fort St. George]] and served till 1725, when he resigned and returned to England.<ref name="vestiges" /> In 1732, he was nominated again as the second member of the council of Fort St. George.<ref name="vestiges" /> When [[George Morton Pitt]] resigned as President of Madras in 1735, Benyon, who was the most senior member in the council was appointed president in his stead.<ref name="vestiges" />

	== President of Madras ==		== President of Madras ==

	Benyon is regarded as one of the best Presidents of early Madras. He was one of the few early governors who was not convicted of any charges.~~<~~ref name="vestiges" /~~>~~ During Benyon's tenure, the city saw rapid expansion. The villages of [[Perambur]], [[Sadayankuppam]], [[Ernavore]], [[Pudupakkam]] and [[Vepery]] were acquired from the [[Nayak dynasty\|Nayak]] of [[Poonamallee]] in 1739.~~<~~ref name="vestiges" /~~>~~		Benyon is regarded as one of the best Presidents of early Madras. He was one of the few early governors who was not convicted of any charges.<ref name="vestiges" /> During Benyon's tenure, the city saw rapid expansion. The villages of [[Perambur]], [[Sadayankuppam]], [[Ernavore]], [[Pudupakkam]] and [[Vepery]] were acquired from the [[Nayak dynasty\|Nayak]] of [[Poonamallee]] in 1739.<ref name="vestiges" />

	The most important event of Benyon's tenure was the invasion of the [[Maratha Empire\|Marathas]] who invaded [[South India]] twice, once in late 1740 and the second time, in May 1741.~~<~~ref name="talboys"~~>~~{{cite book \| title=Madras in the Olden Time\| volume=3\| last=Talboys Wheeler\| first=J.\| year=1861\| publisher=Higginbotham & Co.\| location=Madras\|pages=113–294}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~ During the second invasion, the Maratha army under [[Raghoji Bhonsle]] invaded [[Trichinopoly]], where the Carnatic general [[Chanda Sahib]] had set up his stronghold, while another occupied [[Fort St David]], [[Porto-Novo]] and [[Sadras]].~~<~~ref name="talboys" /~~>~~ However, following the successful conquest of Trichinopoly and the capture of Chanda Sahib, the Maratha troops relinquished their conquests and quickly withdrew.~~<~~ref name="talboys" /~~>~~ All through this period, Benyon tried to coerce the Maratha generals by sending them presents.~~<~~ref name="talboys" /~~>~~ The fortifications of Madras were strengthened and all British, [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]] and [[Armenian people\|Armenian]] citizens of the city were forcibly [[conscripted]].~~<~~ref name="talboys" /~~>~~		The most important event of Benyon's tenure was the invasion of the [[Maratha Empire\|Marathas]] who invaded [[South India]] twice, once in late 1740 and the second time, in May 1741.<ref name="talboys">{{cite book \| title=Madras in the Olden Time\| volume=3\| last=Talboys Wheeler\| first=J.\| year=1861\| publisher=Higginbotham & Co.\| location=Madras\|pages=113–294}}</ref> During the second invasion, the Maratha army under [[Raghoji Bhonsle]] invaded [[Trichinopoly]], where the Carnatic general [[Chanda Sahib]] had set up his stronghold, while another occupied [[Fort St David]], [[Porto-Novo]] and [[Sadras]].<ref name="talboys" /> However, following the successful conquest of Trichinopoly and the capture of Chanda Sahib, the Maratha troops relinquished their conquests and quickly withdrew.<ref name="talboys" /> All through this period, Benyon tried to coerce the Maratha generals by sending them presents.<ref name="talboys" /> The fortifications of Madras were strengthened and all British, [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]] and [[Armenian people\|Armenian]] citizens of the city were forcibly [[conscripted]].<ref name="talboys" />

	== Personal life==		== Personal life==
	Benyon married twice at Fort St George, firstly to Mary Fleetwwod, daughter of Edward Fleetwood and secondly to Frances Davis, the daughter of Richard Horden and widow of Sandys Davis.~~<~~ref name= VOM~~>~~{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|first=H.D.\|last= Love\|page=273}}~~<~~/ref~~>~~		Benyon married twice at Fort St George, firstly to Mary Fleetwwod, daughter of Edward Fleetwood and secondly to Frances Davis, the daughter of Richard Horden and widow of Sandys Davis.<ref name= VOM>{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|first=H.D.\|last= Love\|page=273}}</ref>

	After his return to England, Benyon lived at [[Gidea Hall]] in [[Essex]] and [[Englefield House]] in [[Berkshire]] and married his third wife, Mary Tyssen, daughter of Rachel De Beauvoir and Francis Tyssen of Hackney, and the widow of Powlett Wright. He was the father with her of [[Richard Benyon (MP for Peterborough)\|Richard Benyon]], the Peterborough MP, and grandfather of [[Richard Benyon De Beauvoir]], the philanthropist.		After his return to England, Benyon lived at [[Gidea Hall]] in [[Essex]] and [[Englefield House]] in [[Berkshire]] and married his third wife, Mary Tyssen, daughter of Rachel De Beauvoir and Francis Tyssen of Hackney, and the widow of Powlett Wright. He was the father with her of [[Richard Benyon (MP for Peterborough)\|Richard Benyon]], the Peterborough MP, and grandfather of [[Richard Benyon De Beauvoir]], the philanthropist.

	He died in 1774. There is a monument to him in St Margaret's Church, Margaretting, Essex.~~<~~ref name = VOM/~~>~~		He died in 1774. There is a monument to him in St Margaret's Church, Margaretting, Essex.<ref name = VOM/>

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==

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	{{Use dmy dates\|date=~~October 2014~~}}		{{Short description\|British merchant and colonial administrator (1698–1774)}}
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	{{Use British English\|date=October 2014}}		{{Use British English\|date=October 2014}}
	{{Infobox ~~Governor~~		{{Infobox officeholder
	\| name = Richard Benyon		\| name = Richard Benyon
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	'''Richard Benyon''' (1698–1774) was a British merchant and colonial administrator who served as the [[President of Madras]] from 23 January 1735 to 14 January 1744.<ref name="worldstatesmen">{{cite web\|title=Provinces of British India\|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_BrProvinces.htm\|publisher=worldstatesmen}}</ref>		'''Richard Benyon''' (1698–1774) was a British merchant and colonial administrator who served as the [[President of Madras]] from 23 January 1735 to 14 January 1744.<ref name="worldstatesmen">{{cite web\|title=Provinces of British India\|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_BrProvinces.htm\|publisher=worldstatesmen}}</ref>

	== Early career ==		== Early career ==

	Benyon first arrived in [[Madras]] as a writer in 1710.<ref name="vestiges">{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|volume=1\|pages=271–335\|first=H. D.\|last=Love\|publisher=John Murray\|year=1913}}</ref> In 1718, he was nominated to the council of [[Fort St. George]] and served till 1725, when he resigned and returned to [[England]].<ref name="vestiges" /> In 1732, he was nominated again as the second member of the council of Fort St. George.<ref name="vestiges" /> When [[George Morton Pitt]] resigned as President of Madras in 1735, Benyon, who was the most senior member in the council was appointed ~~President~~ in his stead.<ref name="vestiges" />		Benyon first arrived in [[Madras]] as a writer in 1710.<ref name="vestiges">{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|volume=1\|pages=271–335\|first=H. D.\|last=Love\|publisher=John Murray\|year=1913}}</ref> In 1718, he was nominated to the council of [[Fort St. George]] and served till 1725, when he resigned and returned to England.<ref name="vestiges" /> In 1732, he was nominated again as the second member of the council of Fort St. George.<ref name="vestiges" /> When [[George Morton Pitt]] resigned as President of Madras in 1735, Benyon, who was the most senior member in the council was appointed president in his stead.<ref name="vestiges" />

	== President of Madras ==		== President of Madras ==

	Benyon is regarded as one of the best Presidents of early Madras. He was one of the few early governors who was not convicted of any charges.<ref name="vestiges" /> During Benyon's tenure, the city saw rapid expansion. The villages of [[Perambur]], [[Sadayankuppam]], [[Ernavore]], [[Pudupakkam]] and [[Vepery]] were acquired from the [[Nayak dynasty\|Nayak]] of [[Poonamallee]] in 1739.<ref name="vestiges" />		Benyon is regarded as one of the best Presidents of early Madras. He was one of the few early governors who was not convicted of any charges.<ref name="vestiges" /> During Benyon's tenure, the city saw rapid expansion. The villages of [[Perambur]], [[Sadayankuppam]], [[Ernavore]], [[Pudupakkam]] and [[Vepery]] were acquired from the [[Nayak dynasty\|Nayak]] of [[Poonamallee]] in 1739.<ref name="vestiges" />

	The most important event of Benyon's tenure was the invasion of the [[Maratha Empire\|Marathas]] who invaded [[South India]] twice, once in late 1740 and the second time, in May 1741.<ref name="talboys">{{cite book \| title=Madras in the Olden Time\| volume=3\| last=Talboys Wheeler\| first=J.\| year=1861\| publisher=Higginbotham & Co.\| location=Madras\|pages=113–294}}</ref> During the second invasion, the Maratha army under [[Raghoji Bhonsle]] invaded [[Trichinopoly]], where the Carnatic general [[Chanda Sahib]] had set up his stronghold, while another occupied [[Fort St David]], [[Porto Novo]] and [[Sadras]].<ref name="talboys" /> However, following the successful conquest of Trichinopoly and the capture of Chanda Sahib, the Maratha troops relinquished their conquests and quickly withdrew.<ref name="talboys" /> All through this period, Benyon tried to coerce the Maratha generals by sending them presents.<ref name="talboys" /> The fortifications of Madras were strengthened and all [[British ~~people\|British]]~~, [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]] and [[Armenian people\|Armenian]] citizens of the city were forcibly [[conscripted]].<ref name="talboys" />		The most important event of Benyon's tenure was the invasion of the [[Maratha Empire\|Marathas]] who invaded [[South India]] twice, once in late 1740 and the second time, in May 1741.<ref name="talboys">{{cite book \| title=Madras in the Olden Time\| volume=3\| last=Talboys Wheeler\| first=J.\| year=1861\| publisher=Higginbotham & Co.\| location=Madras\|pages=113–294}}</ref> During the second invasion, the Maratha army under [[Raghoji Bhonsle]] invaded [[Trichinopoly]], where the Carnatic general [[Chanda Sahib]] had set up his stronghold, while another occupied [[Fort St David]], [[Porto-Novo]] and [[Sadras]].<ref name="talboys" /> However, following the successful conquest of Trichinopoly and the capture of Chanda Sahib, the Maratha troops relinquished their conquests and quickly withdrew.<ref name="talboys" /> All through this period, Benyon tried to coerce the Maratha generals by sending them presents.<ref name="talboys" /> The fortifications of Madras were strengthened and all British, [[Portuguese people\|Portuguese]] and [[Armenian people\|Armenian]] citizens of the city were forcibly [[conscripted]].<ref name="talboys" />

	== Personal life==		== Personal life==
	Benyon married twice at Fort St George, firstly to Mary Fleetwwod, daughter of Edward Fleetwood and secondly to Frances Davis, the daughter of Richard Horden and widow of Sandys Davis.<ref name= VOM>{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|first=H.D.\|last= Love\|page=273}}</ref>		Benyon married twice at Fort St George, firstly to Mary Fleetwwod, daughter of Edward Fleetwood and secondly to Frances Davis, the daughter of Richard Horden and widow of Sandys Davis.<ref name= VOM>{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|first=H.D.\|last= Love\|page=273}}</ref>

	After his return to England, Benyon lived at [[Gidea Hall]] in [[Essex]] and [[Englefield House]] in [[Berkshire]] and married his third wife, ~~Hannah~~, ~~the~~ daughter of ~~Sir Edward Hulse Bt~~ of ~~[[Breamore House]] in [[Hampshire]]~~ and the widow of Powlett Wright. He was the father with her of [[Richard Benyon (MP for Peterborough)\|Richard Benyon]], the Peterborough MP, and grandfather of [[Richard Benyon De Beauvoir]], the philanthropist.		After his return to England, Benyon lived at [[Gidea Hall]] in [[Essex]] and [[Englefield House]] in [[Berkshire]] and married his third wife, Mary Tyssen, daughter of Rachel De Beauvoir and Francis Tyssen of Hackney, and the widow of Powlett Wright. He was the father with her of [[Richard Benyon (MP for Peterborough)\|Richard Benyon]], the Peterborough MP, and grandfather of [[Richard Benyon De Beauvoir]], the philanthropist.

	He died in 1774. There is a monument to him in St Margaret's Church, Margaretting, Essex.<ref name = VOM/>		He died in 1774. There is a monument to him in St Margaret's Church, Margaretting, Essex.<ref name = VOM/>

	== Notes ==		== Notes ==

	{{reflist\|2}}		{{reflist}}

	{{DEFAULTSORT:Benyon, Richard}}		{{DEFAULTSORT:Benyon, Richard}}
	[[Category:1698 births]]		[[Category:1698 births]]
	[[Category:1774 deaths]]		[[Category:1774 deaths]]
	[[Category:British merchants]]		[[Category:18th-century British merchants]]
	[[Category:Presidents of Madras]]		[[Category:Presidents of Madras]]
	[[Category:People from Englefield, Berkshire]]		[[Category:People from Englefield, Berkshire]]
	[[Category:People from Romford]]		[[Category:People from Romford]]
	[[Category:Benyon family]]		[[Category:Benyon family\|Richard]]

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	== Personal life==		== Personal life==
	Benyon married twice at Fort St George, firstly to Mary Fleetwwod, daughter of Edward Fleetwood and secondly to Frances Davis, the daughter of Richard Horden and widow of Sandys Davis. <ref name= VOM> {{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|first=H.D.\|last= Love\|page=273}} </ref>		Benyon married twice at Fort St George, firstly to Mary Fleetwwod, daughter of Edward Fleetwood and secondly to Frances Davis, the daughter of Richard Horden and widow of Sandys Davis.<ref name= VOM>{{cite book\|title=Vestiges of Old Madras\|first=H.D.\|last= Love\|page=273}}</ref>

	After his return to England, Benyon lived at [[Gidea Hall]] in [[Essex]] and [[Englefield House]] in [[Berkshire]] and married his third wife, Hannah, the daughter of Sir Edward Hulse Bt of [[Breamore House]] in [[Hampshire]] and the widow of Powlett Wright. He was the father with her of [[Richard Benyon (MP for Peterborough)\|Richard Benyon]], the Peterborough MP, and grandfather of [[Richard Benyon De Beauvoir]], the philanthropist.		After his return to England, Benyon lived at [[Gidea Hall]] in [[Essex]] and [[Englefield House]] in [[Berkshire]] and married his third wife, Hannah, the daughter of Sir Edward Hulse Bt of [[Breamore House]] in [[Hampshire]] and the widow of Powlett Wright. He was the father with her of [[Richard Benyon (MP for Peterborough)\|Richard Benyon]], the Peterborough MP, and grandfather of [[Richard Benyon De Beauvoir]], the philanthropist.

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{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2014}}
{{Use British English|date=October 2014}}
{{Infobox Governor
| name = Richard Benyon
| image =
| order =
| office = President of Fort St George (Madras)
| term_start = 23 January 1735
| term_end = 14 January 1744
| lieutenant =
| predecessor = [[George Morton Pitt]]
| successor = [[Nicholas Morse]]
| birth_date = 1698
| birth_place =
| death_date = 1774
| death_place =
| party =
| spouse =
| children =
| profession =
| religion =
| signature =
}}

'''Richard Benyon''' (1698–1774) was a British merchant and colonial administrator who served as the [[President of Madras]] from 23 January 1735 to 14 January 1744.<ref name="worldstatesmen">{{cite web|title=Provinces of British India|url=http://www.worldstatesmen.org/India_BrProvinces.htm|publisher=worldstatesmen}}</ref>

== Early career ==

Benyon first arrived in [[Madras]] as a writer in 1710.<ref name="vestiges">{{cite book|title=Vestiges of Old Madras|volume=1|pages=271–335|first=H. D.|last=Love|publisher=John Murray|year=1913}}</ref> In 1718, he was nominated to the council of [[Fort St. George]] and served till 1725, when he resigned and returned to [[England]].<ref name="vestiges" /> In 1732, he was nominated again as the second member of the council of Fort St. George.<ref name="vestiges" /> When [[George Morton Pitt]] resigned as President of Madras in 1735, Benyon, who was the most senior member in the council was appointed President in his stead.<ref name="vestiges" />

== President of Madras ==

Benyon is regarded as one of the best Presidents of early Madras. He was one of the few early governors who was not convicted of any charges.<ref name="vestiges" /> During Benyon's tenure, the city saw rapid expansion. The villages of [[Perambur]], [[Sadayankuppam]], [[Ernavore]], [[Pudupakkam]] and [[Vepery]] were acquired from the [[Nayak dynasty|Nayak]] of [[Poonamallee]] in 1739.<ref name="vestiges" />

The most important event of Benyon's tenure was the invasion of the [[Maratha Empire|Marathas]] who invaded [[South India]] twice, once in late 1740 and the second time, in May 1741.<ref name="talboys">{{cite book | title=Madras in the Olden Time| volume=3| last=Talboys Wheeler| first=J.| year=1861| publisher=Higginbotham & Co.| location=Madras|pages=113–294}}</ref> During the second invasion, the Maratha army under [[Raghoji Bhonsle]] invaded [[Trichinopoly]], where the Carnatic general [[Chanda Sahib]] had set up his stronghold, while another occupied [[Fort St David]], [[Porto Novo]] and [[Sadras]].<ref name="talboys" /> However, following the successful conquest of Trichinopoly and the capture of Chanda Sahib, the Maratha troops relinquished their conquests and quickly withdrew.<ref name="talboys" /> All through this period, Benyon tried to coerce the Maratha generals by sending them presents.<ref name="talboys" /> The fortifications of Madras were strengthened and all [[British people|British]], [[Portuguese people|Portuguese]] and [[Armenian people|Armenian]] citizens of the city were forcibly [[conscripted]].<ref name="talboys" />

== Personal life==
Benyon married twice at Fort St George, firstly to Mary Fleetwwod, daughter of Edward Fleetwood and secondly to Frances Davis, the daughter of Richard Horden and widow of Sandys Davis. <ref name= VOM> {{cite book|title=Vestiges of Old Madras|first=H.D.|last= Love|page=273}} </ref>

After his return to England, Benyon lived at [[Gidea Hall]] in [[Essex]] and [[Englefield House]] in [[Berkshire]] and married his third wife, Hannah, the daughter of Sir Edward Hulse Bt of [[Breamore House]] in [[Hampshire]] and the widow of Powlett Wright. He was the father with her of [[Richard Benyon (MP for Peterborough)|Richard Benyon]], the Peterborough MP, and grandfather of [[Richard Benyon De Beauvoir]], the philanthropist.

He died in 1774. There is a monument to him in St Margaret's Church, Margaretting, Essex.<ref name = VOM/>

== Notes ==

{{reflist|2}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Benyon, Richard}}
[[Category:1698 births]]
[[Category:1774 deaths]]
[[Category:British merchants]]
[[Category:Presidents of Madras]]
[[Category:People from Englefield, Berkshire]]
[[Category:People from Romford]]
[[Category:Benyon family]]