https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=RhinolithRhinolith - Revision history2026-09-07T11:52:19ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.43.6https://en.bharatpedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhinolith&diff=310050&oldid=prevBellaCH: Rhinolith2022-05-24T07:01:37Z<p>Rhinolith</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{Infobox medical condition (new)<br />
| name = Rhinolith<br />
| synonyms = <br />
| image = Rhinolith.jpg<br />
| caption = Xray of paranasal sinuses showing rhinolith<br />
| pronounce = Rai-no-lith<br />
| field = [[ENT surgery]]<br />
| symptoms = Nasal blockage, Foul smelling from nose, Nasal pain, With or without headache, Epistaxis<br />
| complications = <br />
| onset = <br />
| duration = <br />
| types = <br />
| causes = Calcium carbonate, Calcium phosphate, Magnesium carbonate, Magnesium Phosphate stone<br />
| risks = <br />
| diagnosis = <br />
| differential = <br />
| prevention = <br />
| treatment = Endoscopic Removal of Stone.<br />
| medication = <br />
| prognosis = <br />
| frequency = <br />
| deaths = <br />
}}<br />
A '''rhinolith''' is a [[calculus (medicine)|stone]] present in the [[nasal cavity]]. The word is derived from the roots ''[[wikt:rhino|rhino-]]'' and ''[[wikt:-lith|-lith]]'', literally meaning "nose stone". It is an uncommon medical phenomenon, not to be confused with [[dried nasal mucus]]. A rhinolith usually forms around the nucleus of a small exogenous [[foreign body]], blood clot or secretion by slow deposition of calcium and magnesium carbonate and phosphate salts. Over a period of time, they grow into large irregular masses that fill the nasal cavity. They may cause pressure necrosis of the nasal septum or lateral wall of nose. Rhinoliths can cause nasal obstruction, [[epistaxis]], [[headache]], [[sinusitis]] and [[epiphora (medical)|epiphora]]. They can be diagnosed from the history with unilateral foul-smelling blood-stained nasal discharge or by anterior rhinoscopy. On probing, the probe can be passed around all its corners. In both CT and MRI a rhinolith will appear like a radiopaque irregular material. Small rhinoliths can be removed by a foreign body hook. Whereas large rhinoliths can be removed either by crushing with [[List of instruments used in otorhinolaryngology, head and neck surgery|Luc's forceps]] or by Moore's lateral rhinotomy approach.<ref>{{cite web | title = American Heritage Dictionary | publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company | date = 2004 | url = http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/rhinolith |access-date=December 10, 2006}}</ref><ref>{{cite web | last = Ghorayeb | first = Bechara | title = Pictures of Rhinolith (Nasal Calculus) | date = October 21, 2006 | url = http://www.ghorayeb.com/Rhinolith.html |access-date=December 10, 2006}}</ref><br />
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==Signs and symptoms==<br />
Rhinoliths present as a unilateral nasal obstruction. Foul-smelling, blood-stained discharge is often present. [[Nosebleed]] and pain may occur due to the ulceration of surrounding mucosa.{{cn|date=November 2020}}<br />
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==Management==<br />
They are removed under general anaesthesia. Most can be removed through anterior nares. Large ones need to be broken into pieces before removal. Some particularly hard and irregular ones may require lateral [[rhinotomy]].{{cn|date=November 2020}}<br />
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==References==<br />
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== External links ==<br />
{{Medical resources<br />
| DiseasesDB = <br />
| ICD10 = {{ICD10|J|34|8|j|30}}<br />
| ICD9 = {{ICD9|478.19}}<br />
| ICDO = <br />
| OMIM = <br />
| MedlinePlus = <br />
| eMedicineSubj = <br />
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{{Respiratory pathology}}<br />
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[[Category:Medical signs]]<br />
[[Category:Nose disorders]]<br />
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{{disease-stub}}</div>BellaCH