Bot at 02:31, 15 November 2022

2022-11-15T02:31:24Z

New page

{{Infobox military conflict
| conflict = Reconquest of Arakan
| image =
| image_size =
| caption =
| date = February – 18 April 1429
| place = [[Arakan]]
| territory = Northern Arakan
| result = Bengali victory
* [[Kingdom of Mrauk U|North Arakan]] became a vassal of [[Bengal Sultanate|Bengal]]
| combatant1 = [[File:Bengal Sultanate Flag.gif|23x23px]] [[Bengal Sultanate]]
| combatant2 = unknown
| commander1 = [[Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah]]<br/> Wali Khan <br/> [[Min Saw Mon]] (Suleiman Shah)
| commander2 =
| strength1 =
| strength2 =
| casualties1 =
| casualties2 =
| notes =
| casus =
| mage2 =
}}
The '''restoration of Min Saw Mon''' was a military campaign led by the [[Bengal Sultanate]] to help [[Min Saw Mon]] regain control of his [[Launggyet Dynasty]]. The campaign was successful. Min Saw Mon was restored to the Launggyet throne, and northern [[Arakan]] became a [[vassal state]] of the Bengal Sultanate.

==Background==
In 1406,<ref name="TopichLeitich2013">{{cite book|author1=William J. Topich|author2=Keith A. Leitich|title=The History of Myanmar|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DIuaa5yKv-sC&pg=PA17|date=9 January 2013|publisher=ABC-CLIO|isbn=978-0-313-35725-1|pages=17–22}}</ref> [[Bamar people|Burmese]] forces from the [[Kingdom of Ava]] invaded Arakan. The control of Arakan was part of the [[Forty Years' War]] between Ava and [[Hanthawaddy Kingdom|Hanthawaddy Pegu]] on the Burmese mainland. The control of Arakan would change hands a few times before Hanthawaddy forces drove out Ava forces in 1412.<ref name=hy-2-7-8>Hmannan Vol. 2 2003: 7–8</ref> Ava would retain a toehold in northern Arakan until 1416/17 but did not try to retake Arakan.<ref name=rrt-2-10>RRT Vol. 2 1999: 10</ref> The Hanthawaddy influence ended after King [[Razadarit]]'s death in 1421.<ref group=note>(Phayre 1873: 120): Razadarit's three sons vied for the throne. None of them claimed Arakan.</ref>

The former Arakanese ruler Min Saw Mon received asylum in the Bengal Sultanate and lived there for 24 years. Saw Mon became close to the Bengal Sultan [[Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah]], serving as a commander in the king's army. Saw Mon convinced the sultan to help restore him to his lost throne.<ref name=sml-2-11>Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2: 11</ref>

==Invasion==
In 1429, Saw Mon aided by troops "largely made up of Afghan adventurers" invaded Arakan.<ref name=tmu-2006-73>Myint-U 2006: 73</ref> The first attempt at the invasion failed because Saw Mon got into an argument with Gen. Wali Khan of Bengal, and was imprisoned by the general. Saw Mon escaped, and the sultan agreed to another attempt. The second invasion went well. Saw Mon was proclaimed king at Launggyet on 18 April 1429 (Thursday, 1st waning of Kason 791 ME).<ref name=sml-2-11/>

==Aftermath==
Saw Mon later founded a new royal capital, [[Mrauk U]]. His kingdom would become known as the [[Mrauk U Kingdom]]. He died in 1433, and was succeeded by his younger brother [[Min Khayi]].

The subordinate relationship with Bengal did not last long. Sultan Jalaluddin Muhammad Shah died in 1433, and was succeeded by a string of weak sultans. In 1437, Khayi took over the throne of [[Thandwe|Sandoway]] (Thandwe), unifying the Arakan coast, probably for the first time in history.<ref name=geh-xxviii>Harvey 1925: xxviii</ref> He also married Saw Yin Mi, the queen of Sandoway.<ref name=sml-2-19>Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1999: 19</ref> Then, Khayi occupied [[Ramu Upazila|Ramu]], the southernmost territory of his erstwhile overlord Bengal.<ref name=geh-140>Harvey 1925: 140</ref><ref name=app-78>Phayre 1967: 78</ref> The [[Arakanese chronicles]] say that Khayi successfully seized Chittagong in 1450.<ref name=sml-2-20>Sandamala Linkara Vol. 2 1999: 20</ref> However, the first confirmed successful occupation of Chittagong came only nine years later in 1459 when King [[Ba Saw Phyu]] seized the port from Sultan [[Rukunuddin Barbak Shah]].<ref name=app-78/>

==Notes==
{{reflist|group=note}}

== References ==
{{Reflist|30em}}

===Further reading===
* {{cite book | last=Gutman | first=Pamela | title=Burma's Lost Kingdoms: Splendours of Arakan | publisher=Orchid Press | location=Bangkok | isbn=974-8304-98-1 | year=2001}}
* {{cite book | last=Harvey | first=G. E.| title=History of Burma: From the Earliest Times to 10 March 1824 | publisher=Frank Cass & Co. Ltd | year=1925 | location = London}}
* {{cite book | title=Myanma Swezon Kyan | publisher=[[Sarpay Beikman]] | language=Burmese | location=Yangon | year=1964 | edition=1 | volume=9 | editor=Myat Soe}}
* {{cite journal | last=Phayre | author-link=Arthur Purves Phayre | first=Major Gen. Sir Arthur P. | title=The History of Pegu | year=1873 | journal=Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal | volume=42 | publisher=Oxford University}}
* {{cite book | last=[[Thant Myint-U|Myint-U]] | first=Thant | title=The River of Lost Footsteps—Histories of Burma | year=2006 | publisher=Farrar, Straus and Giroux | isbn=978-0-374-16342-6}}
* {{cite book | last=Sandamala Linkara | first=Ashin | title=[[Rakhine Razawin Thit|Rakhine Yazawinthit Kyan]] | year= 1931 | edition=1997–1999 | publisher=Tetlan Sarpay | language=Burmese | volume=1–2 | location=Yangon}}

[[Category:Conflicts in 1429]]
[[Category:1429 in Asia]]
[[Category:Military history of the Bengal Sultanate]]

Restoration of Min Saw Mon - Revision history

Bot at 02:31, 15 November 2022