Republican Party of India - Revision history

Lakshay9887: added references

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added references

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	\| logo = [[Image:Flag of various Republican Parties of India.svg\|180px\|[[List of political party symbols in India\|Election symbol]] of various [[dalit]] parties in India]]		\| logo = [[Image:Flag of various Republican Parties of India.svg\|180px\|[[List of political party symbols in India\|Election symbol]] of various [[dalit]] parties in India]]
	\| colorcode = {{party color\|Republican Party of India}}		\| colorcode = {{party color\|Republican Party of India}}
	\| founder = [[N. Sivaraj]], <br />[[Yashwant Ambedkar]], <br />P. T. Borale, <br />A. G. Pawar, <br />Datta Katti, <br />[[Dadasaheb Rupwate]]		\| founder = [[N. Sivaraj]], <br />[[Yashwant Ambedkar]], <br />P. T. Borale, <br />A. G. Pawar, <br />Datta Katti, <br />[[Dadasaheb Rupwate]],
	\| loksabha_leader =		\| loksabha_leader =
	\| rajyasabha_leader =		\| rajyasabha_leader =
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	In the [[Indian Provincial Elections, 1937\|1937 Provincial elections]], the ILP secured 14 of the 17 seats in which they contested. This included 11 of the 13 contested seats that were [[Reservation in India\|reserved]] for traditionally oppressed communities.<ref name="Jaffrelot"/>		In the [[Indian Provincial Elections, 1937\|1937 Provincial elections]], the ILP secured 14 of the 17 seats in which they contested. This included 11 of the 13 contested seats that were [[Reservation in India\|reserved]] for traditionally oppressed communities.<ref name="Jaffrelot"/>

	In 1938, the ILP, with the support of the [[Congress Socialist Party]], organised a march of 20,000 tenants from the Konkan region to [[Bombay]], marked the largest pre-independence peasant mobilisation in the region. In the same year, it also joined with Communists to organise Bombay textile labourers in opposition to ~~a bill~~ intended to control [[right to strike\|strike actions]] by the labourers. ILP opposed the bill in the [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]].<ref name="Singh"/>		In 1938, the ILP, with the support of the [[Congress Socialist Party]], organised a march of 20,000 tenants from the Konkan region to [[Bombay]], marked the largest pre-independence peasant mobilisation in the region. In the same year, it also joined with Communists to organise Bombay textile labourers in opposition to the Industrial Disputes Bill intended to control [[right to strike\|strike actions]] by the labourers. ILP opposed the bill in the [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]].<ref name="Singh"/>

	=== Scheduled Castes Federation ===		=== Scheduled Castes Federation ===
	[[File:Meenambal Sivaraj SCF women's conference 1945.jpg\|thumb\|[[Annai Meenambal]] (L), [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar]] (C) and Rao Bahadur [[N. Sivaraj]] (R) during "The All India SCF women's conference" held at Bombay, on May ~~6th~~, 1945]]		[[File:Meenambal Sivaraj SCF women's conference 1945.jpg\|thumb\|[[Annai Meenambal]] (L), [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar]] (C) and Rao Bahadur [[N. Sivaraj]] (R) during "The All India SCF women's conference" held at Bombay, on May 6, 1945.]]

	Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF) was an organisation in India founded by B. R. Ambedkar in 1942 to campaign for the rights of the Dalit community. An executive body of All India SCF was elected in the convention. [[N. Sivaraj]] from [[Madras State]] was elected as President and [[P. N. Rajabhoj\|P. N. Rajbhoj]] from [[Bombay State]] was elected as general secretary.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Dr. Ambedkar and All India Scheduled Castes Federation\|url=http://mulnivasiorganiser.bamcef.org/?p=257\|access-date=15 November 2017}}</ref>		Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF) was an organisation in India founded by B. R. Ambedkar in 1942 to campaign for the rights of the Dalit community. An executive body of All India SCF was elected in the convention. [[N. Sivaraj]] from [[Madras State]] was elected as President and [[P. N. Rajabhoj\|P. N. Rajbhoj]] from [[Bombay State]] was elected as general secretary.<ref>{{cite web\|title=Dr. Ambedkar and All India Scheduled Castes Federation\|url=http://mulnivasiorganiser.bamcef.org/?p=257\|access-date=15 November 2017}}</ref>
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	On 30 September 1956, B. R. Ambedkar had announced the establishment of the "Republican Party of India" by dismissing the "Scheduled Castes Federation", but before the formation of the party, he died on 6 December 1956. After that, his followers and activists planned to form this party. A meeting of the Presidency was held at [[Nagpur]] on 1 October 1957 to establish the party. At this meeting, [[N. Sivaraj]], [[Yashwant Ambedkar]], P. T. Borale, A. G. Pawar, Datta Katti, [[Dadasaheb Rupwate]] were present. The ''Republican Party of India'' was formed on 3 October 1957. N. Sivaraj was elected as the President of the party.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Suryaputra Yashwantrao Ambedkar\|last=Khobragade\|first=Fulchand\|publisher=Sanket Prakashan\|year=2014\|location=Nagpur\|pages=20, 21\|language=mr}}</ref>		On 30 September 1956, B. R. Ambedkar had announced the establishment of the "Republican Party of India" by dismissing the "Scheduled Castes Federation", but before the formation of the party, he died on 6 December 1956. After that, his followers and activists planned to form this party. A meeting of the Presidency was held at [[Nagpur]] on 1 October 1957 to establish the party. At this meeting, [[N. Sivaraj]], [[Yashwant Ambedkar]], P. T. Borale, A. G. Pawar, Datta Katti, [[Dadasaheb Rupwate]] were present. The ''Republican Party of India'' was formed on 3 October 1957. N. Sivaraj was elected as the President of the party.<ref>{{Cite book\|title=Suryaputra Yashwantrao Ambedkar\|last=Khobragade\|first=Fulchand\|publisher=Sanket Prakashan\|year=2014\|location=Nagpur\|pages=20, 21\|language=mr}}</ref>

	In 1957, nine members of the party were elected to the [[second Lok Sabha]]. This is the biggest achievement of Ambedkar's party so far.<ref>https://www.loksatta.com/wanchitanche-vartaman-news/sukhadeo-thorat-article-about-ambedkar-movement-1749355/</ref>		In 1957, nine members of the party were elected to the [[second Lok Sabha]]. This is the biggest achievement of Ambedkar's party so far.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.loksatta.com/wanchitanche-vartaman-news/sukhadeo-thorat-article-about-ambedkar-movement-1749355/\|title=विचारधारेपासून दुरावणारी आंबेडकरी चळवळ}}</ref>

	==Factionism==		==Factionism==
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	*[[Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh]] of [[Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar\|Prakash Ambedkar]]<ref>{{cite news\|title=The two Ambedkarite parties, the Republican Party of India led by Ramdas Athawale and the Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh led by Prakash Ambedkar\|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/ambedkarites-find-it-hard-to-stay-afloat/}}</ref>		*[[Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh]] of [[Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar\|Prakash Ambedkar]]<ref>{{cite news\|title=The two Ambedkarite parties, the Republican Party of India led by Ramdas Athawale and the Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh led by Prakash Ambedkar\|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/ambedkarites-find-it-hard-to-stay-afloat/}}</ref>
	*Rashtriya Republican Party of Annasaheb Katare<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.nrporg.in/\|title=NRP\|website=www.nrporg.in\|access-date=2017-02-25}}</ref>		*Rashtriya Republican Party of Annasaheb Katare<ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.nrporg.in/\|title=NRP\|website=www.nrporg.in\|access-date=2017-02-25}}</ref>
			*[[Republican Party of India (S)]] of [[Shyam Gaikwad]]
	*[[Bahujan Samaj Party]] founder [[Kanshi Ram]] worked with RPI for eight years.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/kanshi-ram-india-dalit-movement-mayawati-bsp\|title=Kanshi Ram: The Bahujan Nayak of India's Dalit Movement\|work=The Quint\|access-date=2018-05-20\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.milligazette.com/news/11705-kanshi-ram-leader-of-the-masses\|title=Kanshi Ram: Leader of the Masses\|website=www.milligazette.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-05-20\|date=2015-02-12}}</ref>		*[[Bahujan Samaj Party]] founder [[Kanshi Ram]] worked with RPI for eight years.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/kanshi-ram-india-dalit-movement-mayawati-bsp\|title=Kanshi Ram: The Bahujan Nayak of India's Dalit Movement\|work=The Quint\|access-date=2018-05-20\|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.milligazette.com/news/11705-kanshi-ram-leader-of-the-masses\|title=Kanshi Ram: Leader of the Masses\|website=www.milligazette.com\|language=en\|access-date=2018-05-20\|date=2015-02-12}}</ref>

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	{{~~use~~ dmy dates\|date=~~March 2017~~}}		{{short description\|Indian political party}}
	{{~~use~~ Indian English\|date=~~March 2017~~}}		{{Use dmy dates\|date=October 2021}}
			{{Use Indian English\|date=October 2021}}

	{{Infobox Indian political party		{{Infobox Indian political party
	\| party_name = Republican Party of India		\| party_name = Republican Party of India
	\| logo = [[Image:Flag of various Republican Parties of India.svg\|180px\|[[List of political party symbols in India\|Election symbol]] of various [[dalit]] parties in India]]		\| logo = [[Image:Flag of various Republican Parties of India.svg\|180px\|[[List of political party symbols in India\|Election symbol]] of various [[dalit]] parties in India]]
	\| colorcode = {{Republican Party of India~~/meta/color~~}}		\| colorcode = {{party color\|Republican Party of India}}
	\| founder = [[N. Sivaraj]], <br />[[Yashwant Ambedkar]], <br />P. T. Borale, <br />A. G. Pawar, <br />Datta Katti, <br />[[Dadasaheb Rupwate]]		\| founder = [[N. Sivaraj]], <br />[[Yashwant Ambedkar]], <br />P. T. Borale, <br />A. G. Pawar, <br />Datta Katti, <br />[[Dadasaheb Rupwate]]
	\| loksabha_leader =		\| loksabha_leader =

>Number 57: Meta

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{{use dmy dates|date=March 2017}}
{{use Indian English|date=March 2017}}
{{Infobox Indian political party
| party_name = Republican Party of India
| logo = [[Image:Flag of various Republican Parties of India.svg|180px|[[List of political party symbols in India|Election symbol]] of various [[dalit]] parties in India]]
| colorcode = {{Republican Party of India/meta/color}}
| founder = [[N. Sivaraj]], [[Yashwant Ambedkar]], P. T. Borale, A. G. Pawar, Datta Katti, [[Dadasaheb Rupwate]]
| loksabha_leader =
| rajyasabha_leader =
| foundation = 3 October 1957
| predecessor = [[Scheduled Castes Federation]]
| headquarters =
| publication =
| women =
| peasants =
| labors =
| minorities =
| ideology = [[Constitutionalism]] [[Republicanism]] [[Ambedkarism]] [[Progressivism]] [[Secularism]] [[Egalitarianism]]
|position =
| alliance =
| international =
| eci =
| loksabha_seats =
| rajyasabha_seats =
|state_seats_name =
|state_seats =
| colours = [[Blue]]
| website =
| symbol =
}}

The '''Republican Party of India''' ('''RPI''', often called the '''Republican Party''' or simply '''Republican''') is a [[political party]] in India.<ref name="dna 2014">{{cite web | title=In Ambedkar's state, Dalit parties stare at oblivion | website=dna | date=1 October 2014 | url=http://www.dnaindia.com/mumbai/report-in-ambedkar-s-state-dalit-parties-stare-at-oblivion-2022742 | access-date=5 September 2015}}</ref> It has its roots in the Scheduled Castes Federation led by [[B. R. Ambedkar]]. The 'Training School for Entrance to Politics' was established by Ambedkar in 1956 which was to serve as an entry point to the Republican Party of India (RPI).<ref>{{cite news|title=JNU scholars will revive Dr. Ambedkar's Political School|url=http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/jnu-scholars-to-revive-dr-ambedkars-political-school/article8800329.ece|newspaper=The Hindu|access-date=31 August 2016|date=2016-07-02|last1=Dahat|first1=Pavan}}</ref> The first batch of the school consisted of 15 students. Its first batch turned out to be last batch as the school was closed after Ambedkar's death in 1956.

== Origins ==
=== Independent Labour Party ===
The Independent Labour Party (ILP) was a political Organisation formed under the leadership of B. R. Ambedkar on 15 August 1936. It opposed the brahmanical and capitalist structures in India, supported the Indian working class and sought to dismantle the [[Caste system in India|caste system]].<ref>{{cite book |last1= Mendelsohn |first1=Olive |last2= Vicziany |first2=Marik |title=The Untouchables: Subordination, Poverty and the State in Modern India |series=Contemporary South Asia |volume=4 |year=1998 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0521556712 |page=115 }}</ref>

The formation of the ILP was not welcomed or supported by the [[Communist Party of India|communist]] leaders, who argued that it would lead to a split in the working-class votes. Ambedkar replied that communist leaders were working for the rights for the worker but not for the human rights of Dalit workers.<ref name="Singh">{{cite book |editor1-first=Mahendra Prasad |editor1-last=Singh |title=Indian Political Thought: Themes and Thinkers |year=2011 |publisher=Pearson Education India |isbn=978-8131758519 |page=228}}</ref> In his work ''[[Annihilation of Caste]]'', Ambedkar put forth the idea that caste is not merely the 'division of labour' but 'division of labourers' based upon graded inequality.<ref name="Jaffrelot">{{cite book |last1=Jaffrelot |first1=Christophe |title=India's Silent Revolution: The Rise of the Lower Castes in North India |year=2003 |publisher=C. Hurst & Co. Publishers |isbn=978-1850653981 |pages=103–104}}</ref>

In the [[Indian Provincial Elections, 1937|1937 Provincial elections]], the ILP secured 14 of the 17 seats in which they contested. This included 11 of the 13 contested seats that were [[Reservation in India|reserved]] for traditionally oppressed communities.<ref name="Jaffrelot"/>

In 1938, the ILP, with the support of the [[Congress Socialist Party]], organised a march of 20,000 tenants from the Konkan region to [[Bombay]], marked the largest pre-independence peasant mobilisation in the region. In the same year, it also joined with Communists to organise Bombay textile labourers in opposition to a bill intended to control [[right to strike|strike actions]] by the labourers. ILP opposed the bill in the [[Bombay Legislative Assembly]].<ref name="Singh"/>

=== Scheduled Castes Federation ===
[[File:Meenambal Sivaraj SCF women's conference 1945.jpg|thumb|[[Annai Meenambal]] (L), [[Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar]] (C) and Rao Bahadur [[N. Sivaraj]] (R) during "The All India SCF women's conference" held at Bombay, on May 6th, 1945]]

Scheduled Castes Federation (SCF) was an organisation in India founded by B. R. Ambedkar in 1942 to campaign for the rights of the Dalit community. An executive body of All India SCF was elected in the convention. [[N. Sivaraj]] from [[Madras State]] was elected as President and [[P. N. Rajabhoj|P. N. Rajbhoj]] from [[Bombay State]] was elected as general secretary.<ref>{{cite web|title=Dr. Ambedkar and All India Scheduled Castes Federation|url=http://mulnivasiorganiser.bamcef.org/?p=257|access-date=15 November 2017}}</ref>

Ambedkar had founded the Depressed Classes Federation (DCF) in 1930 and the Independent Labour Party (ILP) in 1935. Sources vary regarding which of these two bodies was succeeded by the SCF.<ref>{{cite book |title=Religion, Human Rights and International Law: A Critical Examination of Islamic State Practices |editor1-first=Javaid |editor1-last=Rehman |editor2-first=Susan |editor2-last=Breau |publisher=BRILL |year=2007 |isbn=978-9-04742-087-3 |first=David |last=Keane |chapter=Why the Hindu Caste System Presents a New Challenge for Human Rights|page=283 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Y-mwCQAAQBAJ&pg=PA283}}</ref>
SCF later evolved into the Republican Party of India.

There was also a party called Scheduled Caste Federation in Pakistan after [[Partition of India|Partition]]. [[Ramnarayan Rawat]] stated that the SCF "created the space for an alternative to Congress-type 'nationalist' politics in post- 1947 Uttar Pradesh".<ref>{{cite book |last=Rajan |first=Nalini |year=1974 |title=Practising journalism: values, constraints, implications}}</ref>

=== Republican Party of India ===
On 30 September 1956, B. R. Ambedkar had announced the establishment of the "Republican Party of India" by dismissing the "Scheduled Castes Federation", but before the formation of the party, he died on 6 December 1956. After that, his followers and activists planned to form this party. A meeting of the Presidency was held at [[Nagpur]] on 1 October 1957 to establish the party. At this meeting, [[N. Sivaraj]], [[Yashwant Ambedkar]], P. T. Borale, A. G. Pawar, Datta Katti, [[Dadasaheb Rupwate]] were present. The ''Republican Party of India'' was formed on 3 October 1957. N. Sivaraj was elected as the President of the party.<ref>{{Cite book|title=Suryaputra Yashwantrao Ambedkar|last=Khobragade|first=Fulchand|publisher=Sanket Prakashan|year=2014|location=Nagpur|pages=20, 21|language=mr}}</ref>

In 1957, nine members of the party were elected to the [[second Lok Sabha]]. This is the biggest achievement of Ambedkar's party so far.<ref>https://www.loksatta.com/wanchitanche-vartaman-news/sukhadeo-thorat-article-about-ambedkar-movement-1749355/</ref>

==Factionism==
During the recent years RPI suffered severe internal strife.<ref name="timesofindia-economictimes 2015">{{cite web | title=Poke Me: Has Indian politics failed BR Ambedkar? | website=timesofindia-economictimes | date=16 April 2015 | url=https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/poke-me/poke-me-has-indian-politics-failed-br-ambedkar/articleshow/46947342.cms?from=mdr | access-date=5 September 2015}}</ref> Several distinct parties claim the name of RPI.<ref name="TNN 2014">{{cite web | author=TNN | title=RPI factions clash on Ambedkar death anniversary | website=The Times of India | date=7 December 2014 | url=http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/mumbai/RPI-factions-clash-on-Ambedkar-death-anniversary/articleshow/45400281.cms | access-date=5 September 2015}}</ref> There are more than 50 factions of RPI. In 2009, all factions of RPI except [[Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar|Prakash Ambedkar]]'s [[Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh]] reunited to form a united "[[Republican Party of India (United)]]". One of the main people responsible for this was Rabbi Madan. Later, [[Republican Party of India (Gavai)]] and [[Republican Party of India (A)]] led by [[Ramdas Athawale]] split again from the united party. Splinter groups of RPI include:
*[[Republican Party of India (A)]] of [[Ramdas Athawale]]
*[[Republican Party of India (A)]] of [[M.G. Nagamani]]
*[[Republican Party of India (United)]]
*[[Republican Party of India (Gavai)]] of [[R. S. Gavai]]<ref name="mid-day 1929">{{cite web | title=Veteran Republican Party of India leader R. S. Gavai no more | website=mid-day | date=30 October 1929 | url=http://www.mid-day.com/articles/veteran-republican-party-of-india-leader-r-s-gavai-no-more/16401152 | access-date=5 September 2015}}</ref> and [[Rajendra Gavai]]
*[[Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh]] of [[Prakash Yashwant Ambedkar|Prakash Ambedkar]]<ref>{{cite news|title=The two Ambedkarite parties, the Republican Party of India led by Ramdas Athawale and the Bharipa Bahujan Mahasangh led by Prakash Ambedkar|url=http://indianexpress.com/article/cities/mumbai/ambedkarites-find-it-hard-to-stay-afloat/}}</ref>
*Rashtriya Republican Party of Annasaheb Katare<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.nrporg.in/|title=NRP|website=www.nrporg.in|access-date=2017-02-25}}</ref>
*[[Bahujan Samaj Party]] founder [[Kanshi Ram]] worked with RPI for eight years.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.thequint.com/news/politics/kanshi-ram-india-dalit-movement-mayawati-bsp|title=Kanshi Ram: The Bahujan Nayak of India's Dalit Movement|work=The Quint|access-date=2018-05-20|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.milligazette.com/news/11705-kanshi-ram-leader-of-the-masses|title=Kanshi Ram: Leader of the Masses|website=www.milligazette.com|language=en|access-date=2018-05-20|date=2015-02-12}}</ref>

== References ==
{{Reflist|20em}}

{{Indian political parties|state=collapsed}}
{{India topics}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Republican Party of India}}
[[Category:Republican Party of India| ]]
[[Category:Political parties established in 1957]]
[[Category:1957 establishments in Bihar]]
[[Category:Ambedkarite political parties]]
[[Category:Progressive parties]]
[[Category:Secularist organizations]]
[[Category:B. R. Ambedkar]]