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{{short description|Text editing process involving the combining and altering of source texts into a single document}}
{{about|the literary form|censorship|Sanitization (classified information)|other uses|Redact (disambiguation)}}
{{Refimprove|date=October 2007}}

'''Redaction''' is a form of [[editing]] in which multiple sources of texts are combined and altered slightly to make a single document. Often this is a method of collecting a series of writings on a similar theme and creating a definitive and coherent work. The word is also used in the different sense of removing sensitive information from a document, also known as [[Sanitization (classified information)|sanitization]]. This article is about the literary usage.

==Forms==
[[File:Documentary Hypothesis Sources Distribution English.png|thumb|250px|right|[[Richard Elliott Friedman|Friedman]]'s distribution of materials by source of the first four books of the [[Hebrew Bible]], including a redactor (black), according to the [[documentary hypothesis]].<ref name="Friedman 1987">{{cite book |last=Friedman |first=Richard Elliott |author-link=Richard Elliott Friedman |year=2019 |orig-year=1987 |title=Who Wrote the Bible? |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=9SuDDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA10 |location=[[New York City|New York]] |publisher=[[Simon & Schuster]] |pages=10–18 |isbn=978-1-5011-9240-1}}</ref><ref name="Berlin-Brettler">{{cite book |last=Brettler |first=Marc Zvi |author-link=Marc Zvi Brettler |chapter=Torah: Introduction |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=aDuy3p5QvEYC&pg=PA1 |editor1-last=Berlin |editor1-first=Adele |editor1-link=Adele Berlin |editor2-last=Brettler |editor2-first=Marc Zvi |editor2-link=Marc Zvi Brettler |year=2004 |title=The Jewish Study Bible: Featuring The Jewish Publication Society TANAKH Translation |location=[[New York City|New York]] |publisher=[[Oxford University Press]] |pages=1–7 |isbn=9780195297515}}</ref>]]

On occasion, the persons performing the redaction (the redactors) add brief elements of their own. The reasons for doing so are varied and can include the addition of elements to adjust the underlying conclusions of the text to suit the redactor's opinion, adding bridging elements to integrate disparate stories, or the redactor may add a [[frame story]], such as the tale of [[Scheherazade]] which frames the collection of folk tales in ''[[The Book of One Thousand and One Nights]]''.

Sometimes the [[source text]]s are interlaced, particularly when discussing closely related details, things, or people. This is common when source texts contain alternative versions of the same story, and slight alterations are often made in this circumstance, simply to make the texts appear to agree, and thus the resulting redacted text appears to be coherent. Such a situation is proposed by the [[documentary hypothesis]] in the [[Academic discipline|academic field]] of [[Biblical studies|biblical scholarship]], which affirms that multiple redactions occurred during the [[composition of the Torah]], often combining source texts with different narratives, which have rival political attitudes and aims, together;<ref name="Friedman 1987"/><ref name="Berlin-Brettler"/><ref name="Elohist NIE">{{Cite NIE |last=Schmidt |first=Nathaniel |author-link=Nathaniel Schmidt |wstitle=Hexateuch |year=1905}}</ref> another example is the [[Talmud]].

Redactional processes are documented in numerous disciplines, including [[Ancient literature|ancient literary works]] and biblical studies. Much has been written on the role of redaction in creating meaning for texts in various formats.<ref>For example, in the field of biblical studies, see John Barton, ''Anchor Bible Dictionary'', vol. 5: 644–647; or Odil Hannes Steck, ''Old Testament Exegesis'', 2nd edition (Atlanta: Scholars Press), 74–93.</ref>

==See also==
{{Wiktionary|redaction|amendment}}
* [[Fix-up]]
* [[Redaction criticism]]
* [[Textual criticism]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Editing]]
[[Category:Literary concepts]]

Redaction - Revision history

ImportMaster: robot: Add missing article in Category:Mahabharata