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{{Short description|Digital stereoscopic projection technology}}
{{infobox product
| logo = Reald3d2015logo.png
| image = TwoRealDglassesblackening.jpg
| caption = Two pairs of RealD glasses demonstrating the polarization effect
| type = 3D projection technology
| manufacturer = RealD
}}
'''RealD 3D''' is a digital [[stereoscopy|stereoscopic]] projection technology made and sold by [[RealD]]. It is currently the most widely used technology for watching [[3D film]]s in theaters.<ref>{{cite news|first=Richard|last=Verrier|url=http://articles.latimes.com/2009/mar/26/business/fi-cotown-reald26|title=3-D technology firm RealD has starring role at movie theaters|newspaper=[[Los Angeles Times]]|date=2009-03-26|access-date=2011-02-05}}</ref> Worldwide, RealD 3D is installed in more than 26,500 auditoriums by approximately 1,200 exhibitors in 72 countries as of June 2015.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reald.com/ir/news-and-events|title="Jurassic World" In 3D Delivers Approximately 65% Of Universal Pictures Record-Breaking International Opening Weekend|work=[[RealD]]|access-date=June 22, 2015|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150622202508/http://www.reald.com/ir/news-and-events|archive-date=June 22, 2015}}</ref>

==Technology==
RealD 3D cinema technology is a [[polarized 3D system]] that uses [[Circular polarization|circularly polarized]] light to produce [[Stereoscopy|stereoscopic image]] projection. The advantage of circular polarization over [[linear polarization]] is that viewers are able to tilt their head and look about the theater naturally without seeing double or darkened images.<ref name=overview>{{cite web|url=http://www.edcf.net/edcf_docs/real-d.pdf|title=Real D 3D Theatrical System |access-date=2009-03-28 |last=Cowan |first=Matt |publisher=European Digital Cinema Forum}}</ref> However, as with other systems, any significant head tilt will result in incorrect [[parallax]] and prevent the brain from correctly fusing the stereoscopic images.

The high-resolution, [[digital cinema]] grade [[video projector]] alternately projects right-eye frames and left-eye frames, switching between them 144 times per second.<ref name=overview/> The projector is either a [[Texas Instruments]] [[Digital Light Processing]] device or [[Sony]]'s reflective LCOS ([[liquid crystal on silicon]]). A push-pull [[Electro-optics|electro-optical]] [[liquid crystal]] modulator called a [[ZScreen]] is placed immediately in front of the projector lens to alternately polarize each frame. It circularly polarizes the frames clockwise for the right eye and counter-clockwise for the left eye.<ref name=HIW>{{cite web|url=http://www.reald.com/|title=RealD - Visual Technology|website=RealD - Visual Technology}}</ref> The audience wears [[Polarized 3D system#Circularly polarized glasses|circularly polarized glasses]] that have oppositely [[circular polarizer|polarized lenses]] that ensures each eye sees only its designated frame. In RealD Cinema, each frame is projected three times to reduce flicker, a system called triple flash. The source video is usually produced at 24 frames per second per eye (total 48 frames/s), which may result in subtle [[motion blur|ghosting]] and stuttering on horizontal camera movements. A [[silver screen]] is used to maintain the light polarization upon reflection and to reduce reflection loss to counter some of the significant light loss due to polarization filter absorption. The result is a 3D picture that seems to extend behind and in front of the screen itself.<ref name=reald>{{cite web |last=Cowan |first=Matt |title=Presentations (technical) |url=http://www.reald.com/Content/Presentations.aspx |publisher= RealD Media Room downloadable files |access-date=2009-03-28}}</ref>

==See also==
{{div col|colwidth=22em}}
*[[Polarized 3D system]]
*[[List of 3D films]]
*[[Digital 3D]]
*[[IMAX 3D]]
*[[Disney Digital 3D|Disney Blu-ray 3D]]
*[[Panavision 3D]]
*[[Dolby 3D]]
*[[XpanD 3D]]
*[[MasterImage 3D]]
*[[Lenny Lipton]]
*[[4DX]]
{{div col end}}

==References==
{{reflist}}

==Further reading==
*{{Ref patent|status=patent|country=US|number=7477206|title=Enhanced ZScreen modulator techniques|gdate=January 13, 2009|assign1=RealD}}
*{{Ref patent|status=patent|country=US|number=6975345|title=Polarizing modulator for an electronic stereoscopic display|gdate=December 13, 2005|assign1=StereoGraphics Corporation}}
*{{Ref patent|status=patent|country=US|number=5481321|title=Stereoscopic motion picture projection system|gdate=January 2, 1996|assign1=Lenny Lipton}}
*{{Ref patent|status=patent|country=US|number=4884876|title=Achromatic liquid crystal shutter for stereoscopic and other applications|gdate=December 5, 1989|assign1=Lenny Lipton}}
*{{Ref patent|status=patent|country=US|number=4792850|title=Method and system employing a push-pull liquid crystal modulator|gdate=December 20, 1988|assign1=StereoGraphics Corporation}}

==External links==
{{Commons category|RealD}}
* {{Official website| http://www.reald.com }}
*[http://videotechnology.blogspot.com/2010/12/who-is-lenny-lipton.html Who is Lenny Lipton?] About Inventor and Chief technical officer of RealD through 2008

{{Stereoscopy|state=expanded}}

[[Category:Motion picture film formats]]
[[Category:Film and video technology]]
[[Category:3D imaging]]
[[Category:3D cinema]]

RealD 3D - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Created a new article