Ajay Kumar: Erased a questionable source to improve reliability.

2023-07-23T15:10:50Z

Erased a questionable source to improve reliability.

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:40, 23 July 2023
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	\| langs = • [[Urdu language\|Urdu]] • [[Maithili language\|Maithili]] • [[Nepali language\|Nepali]] • [[Awadhi]] • [[Bhojpuri]]		\| langs = • [[Urdu language\|Urdu]] • [[Maithili language\|Maithili]] • [[Nepali language\|Nepali]] • [[Awadhi]] • [[Bhojpuri]]
	\| rels = • [[Image:Allah-green.svg\|18px]] [[Islam]] 100% •		\| rels = • [[Image:Allah-green.svg\|18px]] [[Islam]] 100% •
	\| related = ~~• [[Arain (Delhi)\|Arain of Delhi]] • [[Baghban]] •~~		\| related =
	\| native_name =		\| native_name =
	\| native_name_lang =		\| native_name_lang =
	}}		}}

	The '''Rayeen''' ~~or ''' Raen''' [[راعین]]~~ are a [[Muslim]] community found in ~~the state of [[Bihar]] in~~ [[India]] and Trai region of Nepal~~. They are sub-group of the larger [[Kunjra]] [[Kujra]] community of [[South Asia]]~~. They are also known ~~as Sabzifarosh (from [[Persian language\|Persian]] سبزی‌فروش meaning vegetable-seller), Mewafarosh (from Persian میوه‌فروش meaning fruit-seller) and~~ Al-Raiee.<ref name="Gopal">People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part One edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 823 to 826 Seagull Books</ref>		The '''Rayeen''' are a [[Muslim]] community found in Pakistan and [[India]] and Trai region of Nepal. They are also known Al-Raiee.<ref name="Gopal">People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part One edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 823 to 826 Seagull Books</ref>

	==History and origin==		==History and origin==

	The ~~community~~ are ~~a branch of the wider [[Kunjra]] community. The Rayee are the traditional~~ green grocers of ~~Bihar~~, and [[North India]]~~, and~~ widely distributed throughout Bihar. They speak [[Urdu]], [[Hindi]], and in the west of Bihar, [[Bhojpuri]].<ref name="Gopal"/>		The Rayeen are big businessman and green grocers of Punjab, and [[North India\|North Kashmir and Uttar Pradesh]] widely distributed throughout Bihar. They speak [[Urdu]], [[Hindi]], and in the west of Bihar, [[Bhojpuri]].<ref name="Gopal"/>

	==Present circumstances==		==Present circumstances==

	The ~~Rayee~~ are strictly endogamous, but have no sub-divisions or [[gotra]]s. They prefer marriage among a close kinship circle, and both cross cousin and parallel cousin marriages are practiced. The community are still ~~essentially vegetable and fruit sellers, with a good number~~ engaged in agriculture. They are small to medium sized farmers. With rapid urbanization, many Rayee have also taken unskilled jobs as rickshaw pulling, and form an important part of the [[Bihari Muslim]] population in [[Calcutta]]. But like other communities of a similar status, there has been a marked tendency to take up education, and they now produced a number of businessmen, administrators, teachers and political leaders.<ref name="Gopal"/>		The Rayeen are strictly endogamous, but have no sub-divisions or [[gotra]]s. They prefer marriage among a close kinship circle, and both cross cousin and parallel cousin marriages are practiced. The community are still engaged in agriculture.

	The Bihar Al-Rayee Anjuman is one of the oldest [[caste]] association in Bihar, and plays an active role in the welfare of the community, as well as playing an important role in the politics of Bihar. At village level, the community also possesses informal village [[panchayat]]s which act as instruments of social control. They are [[Sunni]] [[Muslim]]s and are equal split between the [[Deobandi]] and [[Barelvi]] sects.<ref name="Gopal"/>

	~~==See also==~~

	* [[Muslims]]
	* [[Baghban]]

	==References==		==References==

2601:188:180:B8E0:65F5:930C:B0B2:CD63: rv to earlier version

2021-08-23T20:15:59Z

rv to earlier version

New page

{{One source|date=July 2012}}
{{infobox ethnic group|
| group = Rayeen
| poptime =
| popplace = India
| langs = • [[Urdu language|Urdu]] • [[Maithili language|Maithili]] • [[Nepali language|Nepali]] • [[Awadhi]] • [[Bhojpuri]]
| rels = • [[Image:Allah-green.svg|18px]] [[Islam]] 100% •
| related = • [[Arain (Delhi)|Arain of Delhi]] • [[Baghban]] •
| native_name =
| native_name_lang =
}}

The '''Rayeen''' or ''' Raen''' [[راعین]] are a [[Muslim]] community found in the state of [[Bihar]] in [[India]] and Trai region of Nepal. They are sub-group of the larger [[Kunjra]] [[Kujra]] community of [[South Asia]]. They are also known as Sabzifarosh (from [[Persian language|Persian]] سبزی‌فروش meaning vegetable-seller), Mewafarosh (from Persian میوه‌فروش meaning fruit-seller) and Al-Raiee.<ref name="Gopal">People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part One edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 823 to 826 Seagull Books</ref>

==History and origin==

The community are a branch of the wider [[Kunjra]] community. The Rayee are the traditional green grocers of Bihar, and [[North India]], and widely distributed throughout Bihar. They speak [[Urdu]], [[Hindi]], and in the west of Bihar, [[Bhojpuri]].<ref name="Gopal"/>

==Present circumstances==

The Rayee are strictly endogamous, but have no sub-divisions or [[gotra]]s. They prefer marriage among a close kinship circle, and both cross cousin and parallel cousin marriages are practiced. The community are still essentially vegetable and fruit sellers, with a good number engaged in agriculture. They are small to medium sized farmers. With rapid urbanization, many Rayee have also taken unskilled jobs as rickshaw pulling, and form an important part of the [[Bihari Muslim]] population in [[Calcutta]]. But like other communities of a similar status, there has been a marked tendency to take up education, and they now produced a number of businessmen, administrators, teachers and political leaders.<ref name="Gopal"/>

The Bihar Al-Rayee Anjuman is one of the oldest [[caste]] association in Bihar, and plays an active role in the welfare of the community, as well as playing an important role in the politics of Bihar. At village level, the community also possesses informal village [[panchayat]]s which act as instruments of social control. They are [[Sunni]] [[Muslim]]s and are equal split between the [[Deobandi]] and [[Barelvi]] sects.<ref name="Gopal"/>

==See also==

* [[Muslims]]
* [[Baghban]]

==References==

{{Reflist}}

{{Indian Muslim}}

[[Category:Social groups of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Muslim communities of Bihar]]
[[Category:Muslim communities of India]]
[[Category:Social groups of Bihar]]
[[Category:Indian castes]]

Rayee - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Erased a questionable source to improve reliability.

2601:188:180:B8E0:65F5:930C:B0B2:CD63: rv to earlier version