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'''Rawal''' (also spelled '''Raval''') or '''Raol''' originally is a regional variation of the Hindi princely ruler title [[Raja|Raja/Radjah]] (literally "king"<ref>{{cite book |author=Lindsey Harlan |title=Religion and Rajput Women: The Ethic of Protection in Contemporary Narratives |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7HLrPYOe38gC&pg=PA28 |year=1992 |publisher=University of California Press |isbn=978-0-520-07339-5 |page=28 }}</ref>) used in some [[princely state]]s in [[Rajputana]] and Western India (notably Gujarat), and is now also used as a caste designation or surname by several communities in Southern Asia.They can be also classified as general category "Kshatriya". A village near Sumer has people filled with surname- Rawal of General Category.

== Princely titles ==
Notable (but non-salute) states using this title for their ruling prince were, both under the colonial [[Mahi Kantha Agency]] (in the third -high- of seven classes of states) and in present [[Gujarat, India]] :
* the Raol of [[Malpur State|Malpur]]
* the Raol of [[Mansa State|Mansa]]

=== Maharawal ===
This 'Western' equivalent of the higher (gradually deflated) Hindi title [[Maharaja]] (literally 'great king') was notably used by three [[salute state]]s in [[Rajputana]] (presently in [[Rajasthan]]), all entitled to a (high-ranking) Hereditary [[gun salute]] of 15-guns :
* the Maharawal (also called Maharaja) of [[Jaisalmer State|Jaisalmer]]
* the Maharawal of [[Banswara State|Banswara]]
* the Maharawal of [[Dungarpur State|Dungarpur]]

and one in [[Gujarat]], entitled to a (rather low-ranking) Hereditary salute of 9-guns (11-guns personal) :
* the Maharaol (or Maharawal) of [[Bariya State|Bari(y)a]]

== Surnames ==
As a surname, "Rawal" is found among multiple communities in [[India]].

* Raval/Rawal surname also found in [[Brahmin]] community in Gujarat.

* [[Rajput]]s<ref name="ANB_1994">{{cite book |author=A. N. Bharadwaj |title=History and culture of Himalayan Gujjars |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=UApuAAAAMAAJ |year=1994 |publisher=Jay Kay Book House}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Naravane|first=M. S.|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lF0FvjG3GWEC&dq=Rawal+Rajput&pg=PP1|title=The Rajputs of Rajputana: A Glimpse of Medieval Rajasthan|date=1999|publisher=APH Publishing|isbn=978-81-7648-118-2|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=SANJAY|first=RAJENDRA|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=OnhYDgAAQBAJ&dq=Rajput&pg=PT1|title=Bappa Rawal|date=1971-04-01|publisher=Amar Chitra Katha Pvt Ltd|isbn=978-81-89999-95-7|language=en}}</ref>
* [[Maratha]]s<ref name="Singh1998">{{cite book |author=S. R. Maitra |editor=K. S. Singh |title=People of India: Rajasthan |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vm_KCE4XXPMC&pg=PA813 |year=1998 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7154-769-2 |pages=811–814 }}</ref>

* The [[Nambudiri]] priests of the [[Badrinath Temple|Badrinath]] and [[Kedarnath Temple|Kedarnath]] were given the title of "Rawal" by the king of [[Garhwal Kingdom|Garhwal]] in 1776<ref>{{cite book |author=James G. Lochtefeld |title=The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Hinduism: A-M |url=https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch |url-access=registration |year=2002 |publisher=The Rosen Publishing Group |isbn=978-0-8239-3179-8 |page=[https://archive.org/details/illustratedencyc0000loch/page/n386 78] }}</ref><ref name="Rana1997">{{cite book |author=J. P. Singh Rana |title=Himalayan Heritage |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=7obxhDgyDf4C&pg=PA8 |year=1997 |publisher=M.D. Publications Pvt. Ltd. |isbn=978-81-7533-026-9 |page=8 }}</ref>
* Raval (also known as Rawal or Raval Yogi), an Indian caste categorized among the [[Other Backward Classes]]<ref>{{cite book |title=People of India: Gujarat |volume=XXII |author=Gopal Krishna |editor=K. S. Singh |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IWrTs5yt1DkC&pg=PA1194 |year=2003 |publisher=Popular Prakashan |isbn=978-81-7991-106-8 |pages=1194–1197 }}</ref><ref>{{cite book |author1=S. P. Agrawal |author2=J. C. Aggarwal |title=Educational and Social Uplift of Backward Classes: At what Cost and How? : Mandal Commission and After |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=COcwoYRCYhcC&pg=PA227 |year=1991 |publisher=Concept Publishing Company |isbn=978-81-7022-339-9 |page=227 }}</ref>
* Rawal, a caste found in Pakistan and Pakistani diaspora; its members claim to be the original rulers of Rawalpindi<ref>{{cite book |author=T. N. Madan |title=Muslim communities of South Asia: culture, society, and power |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=KRduAAAAMAAJ |date=1 July 1995 |publisher=Manohar in association with the Book Review Literary Trust |isbn=978-81-7304-090-0 |page=132 }}</ref><ref>[http://cis.sagepub.com/content/23/2/285.extract The Ranking of Brotherhoods: The Dialectics of Muslim Caste among Oversees Pakistanis] by [[Pnina Werbner]] pages 103 to 145 in Muslim Communities of South Asia by T N Madam Manohar publications 1995 page 127</ref>

== People ==
People with the title or surname Rawal include (''in alphabetical order''):

* [[Bappa Rawal]](Rajput),<ref>{{Cite journal|title=Second conversation with Bappa Baba In Shirdi, Bappa Baba's house, 10:15 a.m.|url=http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-446-2/010/mmedia/002|access-date=2022-01-17|website=dx.doi.org|doi=10.30687/978-88-6969-446-2/010/mmedia/002}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=author.|first=George, Shwetha E|url=http://worldcat.org/oclc/1100842393|title=Bappa Rawal|date=2014|publisher=DC Books|isbn=978-81-264-1921-0|oclc=1100842393}}</ref> legendary ruler of Mewar kingdom India
* [[Bhim Bahadur Rawal]], Nepali politician
* [[Jam Rawal]], ruler of Kachchh princely state in India
* [[Narendra Raval]], Kenyan entrepreneur and philanthropist
* [[Jayakumar Jitendrasinh Rawal]], Indian politician
* [[Jitendra Jatashankar Rawal]], Indian astrophysicist
* [[Kalpana Rawal]], Kenyan lawyer and judge
* [[Lal Bahadur Rawal]], Nepali politician
* [[Nisha Rawal]], Indian model-actress
* [[Paresh Rawal]], Indian actor
* [[Rajendra Rawal]], Nepali footballer
* [[Darshan Raval]], Indian singer
* [[Rawal Jaisal]], ruler of Jaisalmer state in India
* [[Rawal Mallinath]], folk hero of Rajasthan, India
* [[Rawal Ratan Singh]], ruler of Mewar state in India
* [[Sanjay Rawal]], American documentary film director
* [[Sashi Rawal]], Nepali pop singersinger
* [[Vaibhav Rawal]], Indian cricketer
* [[Vipul K Rawal]], Indian scriptwriter
* [[Siddhant Rawal]], Sales planning manager, Genesis Motor Europe

== Clan ==
* [[Rawal Bhil]], a clan of Bhils

== Places ==
* [[Rawal lake]], a reservoir in Pakistan
* [[Rawal Express]], a Pakistani train service between Lahore and Rawalpindi
* [[Rawal, Uttar Pradesh]]

== References ==
{{Reflist}}

{{authority control}}

[[Category:Heads of state]]
[[Category:Noble titles]]
[[Category:Royal titles]]
[[Category:Titles in India]]
[[Category:Titles in Pakistan]]
[[Category:Court titles]]
[[Category:History of Pakistan]]
[[Category:Titles of national or ethnic leadership]]
[[Category:Filipino royalty]]
[[Category:Hindi words and phrases]]
[[Category:Shaikh clans]]
[[Category:Social groups of Punjab, Pakistan]]
[[Category:Social groups of India]]

Rawal - Revision history

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