Rautia - Revision history

Ajay Kumar: Included a reliable source for verification.

2023-07-23T15:10:30Z

Included a reliable source for verification.

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:40, 23 July 2023
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	{{Short description\|Social group of East India}}		{{Short description\|Social group of East India}}
	{{Distinguish\|text=the [[Raut (caste)]], a community of ~~Chattisgarh~~}}		{{Distinguish\|text=the [[Raut (caste)]], a community of Chhattisgarh}}
			{{Infobox caste
	~~The '''~~Rautia~~''' is a caste found in the states of~~ [[~~Jharkhand~~]], [[~~Chhatishgarh~~]] ~~and~~ [[~~Odisha~~]] in [[~~India~~]]~~. They are also known as the Rautas.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref><ref>{{Cite book~~\|last=Abbasi\|first=A. A.\|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume\|publisher=Sarup & Sons\|year=2001\|isbn=81-7625-186-0\|location=\|pages=70}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Orissa (India)\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DS5uAAAAMAAJ\|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Sundargarh\|date=1966\|publisher=Superintendent, ~~Orissa Government Press\|pages=109\|~~language~~=en}}</ref>~~		\|caste_name=Rautia
	~~{{infobox ethnic group~~\|		\|religions=[[Folk religion\| Folk]] [[Hinduism]]
	\| ~~group~~ = ~~Rautia~~		\|languages=Native language – [[Nagpuri language\|Nagpuri]]
	\| ~~native_name = Rautiya~~		<br/> Secondary language – [[Hindi]], [[Odia language\|Odia]], [[Bengali language\|Bengali]]
	~~\| poptime =~~		\|country=[[India]]
	~~\| popplace~~ = [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]]		\|state= [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]]
	\| ~~langs~~ = ~~[[Sadri language\|Nagpuri]]~~, ~~[[Hindi language\|Hindi]]~~		\|historical_grouping= Agricultural caste, Militia
	~~\| rels = [[Hinduism]]~~		\|caste_name_in_local=
	\| ~~related~~ =
	}}		}}
			The '''Rautia''' is a caste found in the states of [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhatishgarh]] and [[Odisha]] in [[India]].<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Abbasi\|first=A. A.\|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume\|publisher=Sarup & Sons\|year=2001\|isbn=81-7625-186-0\|location=\|pages=70}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Orissa (India)\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DS5uAAAAMAAJ\|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Sundargarh\|date=1966\|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press\|pages=109\|language=en}}</ref> They were agriculturalist, estate holder and militia under [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur\|Nagvanshi]] kings of Chotanagpur.<ref name="Russell">{{Cite book \|last1=Russell \|first1=Robert Vane \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGm15pOhqnQC&dq=Rautia&pg=PT547 \|title=The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume IV of IV \|date=28 September 2020 \|isbn=9781465583024}}</ref>

	== History and origin ==		== History and origin ==
	According to their traditions, the community helped and protect [[Rajput]] prince, who as a reward had given lands in [[Lohardaga district\|Lohardaga]], [[Jashpur district\|Jashpur]] territory.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref>		According to their traditions, the community helped and protect [[Rajput]] prince, who as a reward had given lands in [[Lohardaga district\|Lohardaga]], [[Jashpur district\|Jashpur]] territory.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref> They were agriculturalist, estate holder and militia under the [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur\|Nagvanshi]] kings of Chotanagpur.<ref name="Russell"/>
	~~Their chief~~ were estate holder ~~from~~ [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur\|Nagvanshi]] ~~king~~ of ~~Chhota Nagpur~~. They ~~held favorable tenure on the condition of military service~~.<ref>{{~~Cite book~~\|url=https://~~books~~.~~google~~.com/~~books?id=sGm15pOhqnQC&dq=Rautia&pg=PT547~~\|title=~~The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume IV of IV\|isbn=9781465583024~~\|~~last1~~=~~Russell~~\|~~first1~~=~~Robert Vane~~\|date=~~28 September 2020~~}}</ref>
	The name Rautia is related to [[Rawat (title)\|Rawat]]. Rawat means prince and is also a title borne by relatives of kings. They speak the [[Sadri language\|Sadri]] dialect of [[Hindi]]. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.<ref>{{~~Cite book~~\|url=https://~~books~~.~~google~~.com/~~books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C~~\|title=~~THE RAUTIA~~\|~~isbn~~=~~9788170463030~~\|~~last1=Singh\|first1=K. S.\|year~~=~~2008~~}}</ref>		In 1812 Jagirdar [[Bakhtar Say]] along with Parganait [[Mundal Singh]] rebelled against excessive tax imposition. They killed tax collector send by Nagvanshi king [[Govind Nath Shah]] and defeated an [[East India Company]] force. Later they were defeated by company force, captured and hanged in Kolkata.<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527.cms\|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots\|website=timesofindia\|date=18 April 2016\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="jagran">{{cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/gumla-no-facilities-of-people-in-village-of-shahid-mundan-singh-in-gumla-17770859.html\|title=शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव\|website=jagran\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>

	~~In 1812 Jagirdar~~ [[~~Bakhtar Say]~~] ~~along with Parganait [[Mundal Singh~~]~~] rebelled against excessive tax impostion. They killed tax collector~~ and ~~defeated an~~ [[~~East India Company~~]] ~~force. Later they~~ were ~~defeated, captured and hanged in Kolkata.<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527~~.~~cms\|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots\|website=timesofindia\|date=18 April 2016\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>~~<ref name="~~jagran~~"~~>{{cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com~~/jharkhand/gumla-no-facilities-of-people-in-village-of-shahid-mundan-singh-in-gumla-17770859.html\|title=शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव\|website=jagran\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>		==Subdivision==
			Rautia have three subdivision Barki, Majhli, Chhotki. The subdivision is based on purity of descent. Barki are of pure descent. Majhli and Chhotki subdivision are descendants of Rautia father and mother of other castes. Offspring were admitted to Majhli group if mother was from Kanwar, Gond and other respectable caste. Offsprings of Rautia father and women from untouchable caste such as [[Ganda (caste)\|Ganda]] and [[Ghasi\|Ghasia]] caste were admitted to Chhotki group.<ref name="Russell"/>

	==Present circumstances==		==Present circumstances==
	The Rautia are divided into three sub-groups, the Bargohri or pure Rautia, the Majhgohri and chhot gohri. This is also divided into gotras (~~sub - division~~) Baghel, Jogi, ~~Khrakhwar~~, Khumbhoj, Kumhar, Lathoor, ~~Katwar~~, Nag, ~~Majhi~~ and ~~Rikhi etc~~. These groups are endogamous, with the former considering itself superior over the other. It is said that the Majhli and Chhotki were the descendants of Rautia fathers and mothers of other castes. Traditionally and primarily they are cultivators. They also gather fruits and tubers from the jungles nearby. A small number have begun to emigrate to towns and cities such as [[Ranchi]].<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref>		They speak the [[Sadri language\|Sadri]] dialect of [[Hindi]]. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C\|title=THE RAUTIA\|isbn=9788170463030\|last1=Singh\|first1=K. S.\|year=2008}}</ref>
			The Rautia are divided into three sub-groups, the Bargohri or pure Rautia, the Majhgohri and chhot gohri. This is also divided into gotras (subdivision): Barwan (wild dog), Baghel (tiger), Bira (hawk), Jogi, Kansi (Kans grass), Katwar, Kharakwar, Kharsyal (deer), Khumbhoj, Kumhar (potter), Lathoor, Majhi, Nag (Cobra), Rukhi (Squirrel), Sand (bull), Sonwani (gold water) etc. Marriage is forbidden within same clan and allowed within different clans.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=khemzjElrc0C&pg=PA392\|title=Totemism and Exogamy\|publisher=Psychology Press\|author=James George Frazer\|year=2000\|page=392\|isbn=978-0700713387}}</ref> These groups are endogamous, with the former considering itself superior over the other. It is said that the Majhli and Chhotki were the descendants of Rautia fathers and mothers of other castes. Traditionally and primarily they are cultivators. They also gather fruits and tubers from the jungles nearby. A small number have begun to emigrate to towns and cities such as [[Ranchi]].<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref>

	==Culture==		==Culture==
	The traditional festivals of Rautia are [[Karam (festival)\|Karam]], ~~Jitia~~, Nawakhani and Diwali.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/simdega-mundal-singh-17777230.html\|title=सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप\|website=jagran\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> The traditional dances of Rautia are [[Jhumair\|Jhumar]] and [[~~Domkach~~]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/gumla/news/go-on-the-trail-as-told-by-saqar-mundal-singh-062023-4307550.html\|title=बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें\|website=livehindustan\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref>		The traditional festivals of Rautia are [[Karam festival\|Karam]], [[Jitiya]], [[Nawakhani]] and [[Diwali]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/simdega-mundal-singh-17777230.html\|title=सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप\|website=jagran\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> The traditional dances of Rautia are [[Jhumair\|Jhumar]] , [[Domkach]] and [[Paiki]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/gumla/news/go-on-the-trail-as-told-by-saqar-mundal-singh-062023-4307550.html\|title=बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें\|website=livehindustan\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref>

	==Official classification==		==Official classification==
	Rautia are included in list of [[Other Backward Class]] in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://~~sanjaykumarnishad~~.~~wordpress~~.~~com~~/~~2016~~/11/~~02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-jharkhand~~/\|title=Central List of ~~Other Backward~~ Castes ~~(OBCs):~~ Jharkhand\|website=~~sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=~~https~~://~~sanjaykumarnishad~~.~~wordpress~~.~~com~~/~~2016~~/~~11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-chhattisgarh~~/\|title=~~Central List of Other Backward Castes (~~OBCs~~): Chhattisgarh~~\|website=~~sanjaykumarnishad~~.~~wordpress~~}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=~~https~~://~~sanjaykumarnishad~~.~~wordpress~~.~~com~~/~~2016~~/~~11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-odisha~~/\|title=~~Central List of Other Backward Castes (~~OBCs~~): Odisha~~\|website=~~sanjaykumarnishad~~.~~wordpress~~}}</ref>		Rautia are included in list of [[Other Backward Class]] in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://jharsewa.jharkhand.gov.in/resources/pdf/20/OBC.pdf\|title=Central List of Castes under Category OBC for Jharkhand\|website=jharsewa\|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/Writereaddata/cl/chattisgarh.pdf\|title=CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF CHHATISGARH\|website=ncbc.nic\|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=http://www.ncbc.nic.in/Writereaddata/cl/orissa.pdf\|title=CENTRAL LIST OF OBCs FOR THE STATE OF ORISSA Entry No Caste\|website=ncbc.nic\|access-date=30 September 2022}}</ref>

	In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in [[Schedule Tribe]] list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The [[Government of Jharkhand]] had sent the proposal to the [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/cm-nod-to-include-rautia-khangar-castes-in-st-list.html\|title=CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list\|website=dailypioneer\|date=15 July 2016\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-years-old-murad-chief-minister-of-jharkhand-signs-given-2405579.html\|title=पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत\|website=livehindustan\|date=13 February 2019\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref>		In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in [[Schedule Tribe]] list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The [[Government of Jharkhand]] had sent the proposal to the [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/cm-nod-to-include-rautia-khangar-castes-in-st-list.html\|title=CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list\|website=dailypioneer\|date=15 July 2016\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-years-old-murad-chief-minister-of-jharkhand-signs-given-2405579.html\|title=पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत\|website=livehindustan\|date=13 February 2019\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref>

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← Older revision		Revision as of 07:35, 7 April 2022
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			{{Short description\|Social group of East India}}
			{{Distinguish\|text=the [[Raut (caste)]], a community of Chattisgarh}}

			The '''Rautia''' is a caste found in the states of [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhatishgarh]] and [[Odisha]] in [[India]]. They are also known as the Rautas.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Abbasi\|first=A. A.\|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume\|publisher=Sarup & Sons\|year=2001\|isbn=81-7625-186-0\|location=\|pages=70}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Orissa (India)\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=DS5uAAAAMAAJ\|title=Orissa District Gazetteers: Sundargarh\|date=1966\|publisher=Superintendent, Orissa Government Press\|pages=109\|language=en}}</ref>
	{{infobox ethnic group\|		{{infobox ethnic group\|
	\|group= Rautia		\| group = Rautia
	\|poptime =		\| native_name = Rautiya
	\|popplace = [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]]		\| poptime =
	\|langs = [[Sadri language\|Nagpuri]], [[Hindi language\|Hindi]]		\| popplace = [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]]
	\|rels= [[Hinduism]]		\| langs = [[Sadri language\|Nagpuri]], [[Hindi language\|Hindi]]
	\|related=		\| rels = [[Hinduism]]
			\| related =
	}}		}}

	~~The '''Rautia''' is a caste found in the states of [[Jharkhand]],~~
	[[Chhatishgarh]] and [[Odisha]] in [[India]]. They are also known as the Rautas.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Abbasi\|first=A. A.\|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume\|publisher=Sarup & Sons\|year=2001\|isbn=81-7625-186-0\|location=\|pages=70}}</ref>

	== History and origin ==		== History and origin ==
	According to their traditions, the community helped and protect [[Rajput]] prince, who as a reward had given lands in [[Lohardaga district\|Lohardaga]], [[Jashpur district\|Jashpur]] territory.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref>		According to their traditions, the community helped and protect [[Rajput]] prince, who as a reward had given lands in [[Lohardaga district\|Lohardaga]], [[Jashpur district\|Jashpur]] territory.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref>
	Their chief were estate holder from [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur\|Nagvanshi]] king of Chhota Nagpur. They held favorable tenure on the condition of military service.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGm15pOhqnQC&pg=PT547~~&dq=Rautia#v~~\|title=The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume IV of IV~~\|website=books.google.com~~\|isbn=9781465583024\|last1=Russell\|first1=Robert Vane}}</ref>		Their chief were estate holder from [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur\|Nagvanshi]] king of Chhota Nagpur. They held favorable tenure on the condition of military service.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGm15pOhqnQC&dq=Rautia&pg=PT547\|title=The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume IV of IV\|isbn=9781465583024\|last1=Russell\|first1=Robert Vane\|date=28 September 2020}}</ref>
	The name Rautia is related to [[Rawat (title)\|Rawat]]. Rawat means prince and is also a title borne by relatives of kings. They speak the [[Sadri language\|Sadri]] dialect of [[Hindi]]. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C&q\|title=THE RAUTIA~~\|website=books.google.com~~\|isbn=9788170463030\|last1=Singh\|first1=K. S.\|year=2008}}</ref>		The name Rautia is related to [[Rawat (title)\|Rawat]]. Rawat means prince and is also a title borne by relatives of kings. They speak the [[Sadri language\|Sadri]] dialect of [[Hindi]]. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.<ref>{{Cite book\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C\|title=THE RAUTIA\|isbn=9788170463030\|last1=Singh\|first1=K. S.\|year=2008}}</ref>

	In 1812 Jagirdar [[Bakhtar Say]] along with Parganait [[Mundal Singh]] rebelled against excessive tax impostion. They killed tax collector and defeated an [[East India Company]] force. Later they were defeated, captured and hanged in Kolkata.<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527.cms\|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots\|website=timesofindia\|date=18 April 2016\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="jagran">{{cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/gumla-no-facilities-of-people-in-village-of-shahid-mundan-singh-in-gumla-17770859.html\|title=शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव\|website=jagran\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>		In 1812 Jagirdar [[Bakhtar Say]] along with Parganait [[Mundal Singh]] rebelled against excessive tax impostion. They killed tax collector and defeated an [[East India Company]] force. Later they were defeated, captured and hanged in Kolkata.<ref>{{cite news\|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527.cms\|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots\|website=timesofindia\|date=18 April 2016\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="jagran">{{cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/gumla-no-facilities-of-people-in-village-of-shahid-mundan-singh-in-gumla-17770859.html\|title=शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव\|website=jagran\|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>
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	==Culture==		==Culture==
	The traditional festivals of Rautia are [[Karam (festival)\|Karam]] Jitia, Nawakhani and Diwali.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/simdega-mundal-singh-17777230.html\|title=सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप\|website=jagran\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> The traditional dances of Rautia are ~~Painki,~~ [[Jhumair\|Jhumar]] , [[Domkach]] ~~and fagua~~.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/gumla/news/go-on-the-trail-as-told-by-saqar-mundal-singh-062023-4307550.html\|title=बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें\|website=livehindustan\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref>		The traditional festivals of Rautia are [[Karam (festival)\|Karam]], Jitia, Nawakhani and Diwali.<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/simdega-mundal-singh-17777230.html\|title=सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप\|website=jagran\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> The traditional dances of Rautia are [[Jhumair\|Jhumar]] and [[Domkach]].<ref>{{Cite news\|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/gumla/news/go-on-the-trail-as-told-by-saqar-mundal-singh-062023-4307550.html\|title=बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें\|website=livehindustan\|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref>

	==Official classification==		==Official classification==
	Rautia are included in list of [[Other Backward Class]] in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-jharkhand/\|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Jharkhand\|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-chhattisgarh/\|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Chhattisgarh\|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-odisha/\|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Odisha\|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref> In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in [[Schedule Tribe]] list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The [[Government of Jharkhand]] had sent the proposal to the [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/cm-nod-to-include-rautia-khangar-castes-in-st-list.html\|title=CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list\|website=dailypioneer\|date=15 July 2016\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-years-old-murad-chief-minister-of-jharkhand-signs-given-2405579.html\|title=पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत\|website=livehindustan\|date=13 February 2019\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref>		Rautia are included in list of [[Other Backward Class]] in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-jharkhand/\|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Jharkhand\|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-chhattisgarh/\|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Chhattisgarh\|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-odisha/\|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Odisha\|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref>

			In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in [[Schedule Tribe]] list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The [[Government of Jharkhand]] had sent the proposal to the [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/cm-nod-to-include-rautia-khangar-castes-in-st-list.html\|title=CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list\|website=dailypioneer\|date=15 July 2016\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web\|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-years-old-murad-chief-minister-of-jharkhand-signs-given-2405579.html\|title=पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत\|website=livehindustan\|date=13 February 2019\|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

imported>Marcocapelle: /* References */more specific categorization

2021-07-08T05:03:06Z

References: more specific categorization

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{{infobox ethnic group|
|group= Rautia
|poptime =
|popplace = [[Jharkhand]], [[Chhattisgarh]], [[Odisha]]
|langs = [[Sadri language|Nagpuri]], [[Hindi language|Hindi]]
|rels= [[Hinduism]]
|related=
}}

The '''Rautia''' is a caste found in the states of [[Jharkhand]],
[[Chhatishgarh]] and [[Odisha]] in [[India]]. They are also known as the Rautas.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref><ref>{{Cite book|last=Abbasi|first=A. A.|title=Dimensions of Human Cultures in Central India: Professor S.K. Tiwari Felicitation Volume|publisher=Sarup & Sons|year=2001|isbn=81-7625-186-0|location=|pages=70}}</ref>

== History and origin ==
According to their traditions, the community helped and protect [[Rajput]] prince, who as a reward had given lands in [[Lohardaga district|Lohardaga]], [[Jashpur district|Jashpur]] territory.<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref>
Their chief were estate holder from [[Nagvanshis of Chotanagpur|Nagvanshi]] king of Chhota Nagpur. They held favorable tenure on the condition of military service.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=sGm15pOhqnQC&pg=PT547&dq=Rautia#v|title=The Tribes and Castes of the Central Provinces of India, Volume IV of IV|website=books.google.com|isbn=9781465583024|last1=Russell|first1=Robert Vane}}</ref>
The name Rautia is related to [[Rawat (title)|Rawat]]. Rawat means prince and is also a title borne by relatives of kings. They speak the [[Sadri language|Sadri]] dialect of [[Hindi]]. They have titles like Ganjhu, Baraik, Kotwar, Sai and Singh.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=mdf_JXMklV0C&q|title=THE RAUTIA|website=books.google.com|isbn=9788170463030|last1=Singh|first1=K. S.|year=2008}}</ref>

In 1812 Jagirdar [[Bakhtar Say]] along with Parganait [[Mundal Singh]] rebelled against excessive tax impostion. They killed tax collector and defeated an [[East India Company]] force. Later they were defeated, captured and hanged in Kolkata.<ref>{{cite news|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/ranchi/Raghubar-honours-Simdega-patriots/articleshow/51869527.cms|title=Raghubar honours Simdega patriots|website=timesofindia|date=18 April 2016|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref><ref name="jagran">{{cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/gumla-no-facilities-of-people-in-village-of-shahid-mundan-singh-in-gumla-17770859.html|title=शहीद मुंडन ¨सह के गांव में बुनियादी सुविधाओं का अभाव|website=jagran|access-date=2 April 2021}}</ref>

==Present circumstances==
The Rautia are divided into three sub-groups, the Bargohri or pure Rautia, the Majhgohri and chhot gohri. This is also divided into gotras (sub - division) Baghel, Jogi, Khrakhwar, Khumbhoj, Kumhar, Lathoor, Katwar, Nag, Majhi and Rikhi etc. These groups are endogamous, with the former considering itself superior over the other. It is said that the Majhli and Chhotki were the descendants of Rautia fathers and mothers of other castes. Traditionally and primarily they are cultivators. They also gather fruits and tubers from the jungles nearby. A small number have begun to emigrate to towns and cities such as [[Ranchi]].<ref>People of India Bihar Volume XVI Part Two edited by S Gopal & Hetukar Jha pages 945 to 947 Seagull Books</ref>

==Culture==
The traditional festivals of Rautia are [[Karam (festival)|Karam]] Jitia, Nawakhani and Diwali.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.jagran.com/jharkhand/simdega-mundal-singh-17777230.html|title=सभ्यता व संस्कृती की सुरक्षा के लिए हों एकजुट : कुलदीप|website=jagran|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref> The traditional dances of Rautia are Painki, [[Jhumair|Jhumar]] , [[Domkach]] and fagua.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.bhaskar.com/jharkhand/gumla/news/go-on-the-trail-as-told-by-saqar-mundal-singh-062023-4307550.html|title=बख्तर साय मुंडल सिंह के बताए राह पर चलें|website=livehindustan|access-date=29 November 2019}}</ref>

==Official classification==
Rautia are included in list of [[Other Backward Class]] in Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh and Odisha.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-jharkhand/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Jharkhand|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-chhattisgarh/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Chhattisgarh|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/central-list-of-other-backward-castes-obcs-odisha/|title=Central List of Other Backward Castes (OBCs): Odisha|website=sanjaykumarnishad.wordpress}}</ref> In 2016, The Dr Ram Dayal Munda Tribal Research Institute recommend inclusion of Rautia caste in [[Schedule Tribe]] list. According to TRI, Rautia have primitive features, distinctive culture and are backward in social, educational and economical aspects. The [[Government of Jharkhand]] had sent the proposal to the [[Ministry of Tribal Affairs]], [[Government of India]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dailypioneer.com/2016/state-editions/cm-nod-to-include-rautia-khangar-castes-in-st-list.html|title=CM nod to include Rautia, Khangar castes in ST list|website=dailypioneer|date=15 July 2016|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref> But the proposal have not approved yet by Government of India.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.livehindustan.com/jharkhand/story-years-old-murad-chief-minister-of-jharkhand-signs-given-2405579.html|title=पूरी होगी इन जातियों की वर्षों पुरानी मुराद, झारखंड के मुख्यमंत्री ने दिए संकेत|website=livehindustan|date=13 February 2019|access-date=13 November 2019}}</ref>

==References==
{{reflist}}

[[Category:Social groups of Bihar]]
[[Category:Social groups of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian castes]]
[[Category:Social groups of Jharkhand]]
[[Category:Social groups of Odisha]]