Rashad Mehanna - Revision history

Timothyves: typo fix

2025-07-25T17:47:09Z

typo fix

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:17, 25 July 2025
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	{{Short description\|Egyptian colonel}}		{{Short description\|Egyptian colonel}}
			{{Use dmy dates\|date=February 2025}}
	{{Infobox minister		{{Infobox minister
	\| name = Rashad Mehanna		\| name = Rashad Mehanna
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	\| term_start = 30 July 1952		\| term_start = 30 July 1952
	\| term_end = 2 August 1952		\| term_end = 2 August 1952
	\| predecessor = [[Mohamed Zoheir Garranah Bey]]<ref name="Bibliotheca">{{cite web \|url=http://modernegypt.bibalex.org/TxtViewer/TextViewer.aspx?ID=21872&type=Document \|script-title=ar:محمد رشاد مهنا وزيراً للمواصلات في وزارة علي ماهر الرابعة \|publisher=Memory of Modern Egypt Digital Archive \|location=[[Bibliotheca Alexandrina]] \|language=Arabic \|trans-title=Appointment of Rashad Mehanna as Minister of Transport in Ali Mahir's Fourth Cabinet \|accessdate=2010-08-05}}</ref>		\| predecessor = [[Mohamed Zoheir Garranah Bey]]<ref name="Bibliotheca">{{cite web \|url=http://modernegypt.bibalex.org/TxtViewer/TextViewer.aspx?ID=21872&type=Document \|script-title=ar:محمد رشاد مهنا وزيراً للمواصلات في وزارة علي ماهر الرابعة \|publisher=Memory of Modern Egypt Digital Archive \|location=[[Bibliotheca Alexandrina]] \|language=Arabic \|trans-title=Appointment of Rashad Mehanna as Minister of Transport in Ali Mahir's Fourth Cabinet \|accessdate=2010-08-05\|title=Text Viewer }}</ref>
	\| successor = [[Mohamed Zoheir Garranah Bey]]<ref name="Bibliotheca"/>		\| successor = [[Mohamed Zoheir Garranah Bey]]<ref name="Bibliotheca"/>
	\| primeminister = [[Ali Mahir Pasha]]		\| primeminister = [[Ali Mahir Pasha]]
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	}}		}}

	'''Rashad Mehanna''' ({{~~Lang-~~ar\|رشاد مهنا		'''Rashad Mehanna''' ({{Langx\|ar\|رشاد مهنا
	}}; 2 October 1909 - 3 January 1996){{Ref label\|Birth\|Note A\|}} was an [[Egyptians\|Egyptian]] [[colonel]] who played a significant role in the [[Egyptian Revolution of 1952]].		}}; 2 October 1909 – 3 January 1996){{Ref label\|Birth\|Note A\|}} was an [[Egyptians\|Egyptian]] [[colonel]] who played a significant role in the [[Egyptian Revolution of 1952]].

	==Early life==		==Early life==
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	==Regency and arrest==		==Regency and arrest==
	Mehanna was chosen by Nasser to serve as a representative of the Army on the three-member [[Regencies in Egypt\|Regency Body]] established during the nominal reign of infant king-in-exile [[Fuad II of Egypt\|Fuad II]]. However, the Regency Body had no real powers, these having been assumed by the [[Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council\|Revolutionary Command Council]] (RCC). Historians of this period agree that one of the main reasons for the hostility that arose between Mehanna and the RCC was that the former actually took his title seriously while Nasser and his colleagues had no intention whatsoever of allowing him to exercise the powers that came with it.<ref>{{cite journal \| last = Rizk \| first = Yunan Labib \| title = Royal help \| journal = [[Al-Ahram Weekly]] \| issue = 727 \| date = 27 January – 2 February 2005 \| url = http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm \| issn = 1110-2977 \| oclc = 163624446 \| accessdate = 2008-07-27}}</ref> The standoff ended with the dismissal of Mehanna as a member of the Regency Body.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Naguib Drops Agent in Regency Council \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 3 \| date = 1952-10-14 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50A16FF3458177B93C6A8178BD95F468585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> The Body was dissolved altogether, and [[Prince Muhammad Abdel Moneim]] was appointed as sole [[Prince regent]].<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Regent Replaces Council in Egypt \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 17 \| date = 1952-10-15 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30814FC3558107A93C7A8178BD95F468585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref>		Mehanna was chosen by Nasser to serve as a representative of the Army on the three-member [[Regencies in Egypt\|Regency Body]] established during the nominal reign of infant king-in-exile [[Fuad II of Egypt\|Fuad II]]. However, the Regency Body had no real powers, these having been assumed by the [[Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council\|Revolutionary Command Council]] (RCC). Historians of this period agree that one of the main reasons for the hostility that arose between Mehanna and the RCC was that the former actually took his title seriously while Nasser and his colleagues had no intention whatsoever of allowing him to exercise the powers that came with it.<ref>{{cite journal \| last = Rizk \| first = Yunan Labib \| title = Royal help \| journal = [[Al-Ahram Weekly]] \| issue = 727 \| date = 27 January – 2 February 2005 \| url = http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm \| issn = 1110-2977 \| oclc = 163624446 \| accessdate = 2008-07-27 \| archive-date = 2008-09-06 \| archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20080906143901/http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm \| url-status = dead }}</ref> The standoff ended with the dismissal of Mehanna as a member of the Regency Body.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Naguib Drops Agent in Regency Council \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 3 \| date = 1952-10-14 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50A16FF3458177B93C6A8178BD95F468585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> The Body was dissolved altogether, and [[Prince Muhammad Abdel Moneim]] was appointed as sole [[Prince regent]].<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Regent Replaces Council in Egypt \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 17 \| date = 1952-10-15 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30814FC3558107A93C7A8178BD95F468585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref>

	By early 1953, reports began circulating which indicated that Mehanna was the ringleader in an attempted [[Coup d'état\|coup]].<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Mehanna Reported Ringleader \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 3 \| date = 1953-01-17 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60F1FFB355E177B93C5A8178AD85F478585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> As a result of this, Mehanna was accused of counterrevolutionary conspiracy and was sentenced to [[life imprisonment]] on 30 March 1953.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Egypt Ex-Regent Gets Prison Term \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 16 \| date = 1953-03-31 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00F16FC3D5B177B93C3AA1788D85F478585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> However, he was released in 1956 and then put under [[house arrest]]. He was re-arrested in 1965, only to be released once again in 1967. He retired completely from politics after that, and died on 3 January 1996.		By early 1953, reports began circulating which indicated that Mehanna was the ringleader in an attempted [[Coup d'état\|coup]].<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Mehanna Reported Ringleader \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 3 \| date = 1953-01-17 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60F1FFB355E177B93C5A8178AD85F478585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> As a result of this, Mehanna was accused of counterrevolutionary conspiracy and was sentenced to [[life imprisonment]] on 30 March 1953.<ref>{{cite journal \| title = Egypt Ex-Regent Gets Prison Term \| journal = [[The New York Times]] \| pages = 16 \| date = 1953-03-31 \| url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00F16FC3D5B177B93C3AA1788D85F478585F9 \| accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> However, he was released in 1956 and then put under [[house arrest]]. He was re-arrested in 1965, only to be released once again in 1967. He retired completely from politics after that, and died on 3 January 1996.

	==Notes==		==Notes==
	:'''A'''{{note\|Birth}}: Joan Wucher King's ''[[#Kin89\|Historical Dictionary of Egypt]]'' gives 1918 as Mehanna's year of birth and 1982 as his year of death.<ref>[[#Kin89\|King 1989]], pp. 427–428</ref> However, [[Arabic ~~Wikipedia~~]] gives 2 October 1909 as his date of birth and 3 January 1996 as his date of death. It cites an [[obituary]] by [[Mostafa Amin]] published on 10 January 1996. In his memoirs, [[Muhammad Naguib]] states that Mehanna was 39 years old at the time of the 1947 abortive conspiracy, which is concordant with the 1909 birth date.<ref>[[#Nag55\|Naguib 1955]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=Uq-aAAAAIAAJ&q=Rashad+Mehanna p. 16]</ref>		:'''A'''{{note\|Birth}}: Joan Wucher King's ''[[#Kin89\|Historical Dictionary of Egypt]]'' gives 1918 as Mehanna's year of birth and 1982 as his year of death.<ref>[[#Kin89\|King 1989]], pp. 427–428</ref> However, [[Arabic Bharatpedia]] gives 2 October 1909 as his date of birth and 3 January 1996 as his date of death. It cites an [[obituary]] by [[Mostafa Amin]] published on 10 January 1996. In his memoirs, [[Muhammad Naguib]] states that Mehanna was 39 years old at the time of the 1947 abortive conspiracy, which is concordant with the 1909 birth date.<ref>[[#Nag55\|Naguib 1955]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=Uq-aAAAAIAAJ&q=Rashad+Mehanna p. 16]</ref>

	==References==		==References==
	;General		;General
	*''This article draws heavily on the [[:ar:رشاد مهنا\|Rashad Mehanna]] article in the Arabic-language ~~Wikipedia~~, which was accessed in the version of 21 August 2008.''		*''This article draws heavily on the [[:ar:رشاد مهنا\|Rashad Mehanna]] article in the Arabic-language Bharatpedia, which was accessed in the version of 21 August 2008.''
	;Specific		;Specific
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	==Bibliography==		==Bibliography==
	*{{cite book \|last=King \|first=Joan Wucher \|title=Historical Dictionary of Egypt \|series=Books of Lasting Value \|year=1989 \|~~origyear~~=First published 1984 \|publisher=[[American University in Cairo Press]] \|isbn=978-977-424-213-7 \|ref=Kin89}}		*{{cite book \|last=King \|first=Joan Wucher \|title=Historical Dictionary of Egypt \|series=Books of Lasting Value \|year=1989 \|orig-date=First published 1984 \|publisher=[[American University in Cairo Press]] \|isbn=978-977-424-213-7 \|ref=Kin89}}
	*{{cite book \|last=Naguib \|first=Muhammad \|authorlink=Muhammad Naguib \|title=Egypt's Destiny \|year=1955 \|publisher=[[Victor Gollancz Ltd\|Gollancz]] \|location=[[London]] \|oclc=2326907 \|ref=Nag55}}		*{{cite book \|last=Naguib \|first=Muhammad \|authorlink=Muhammad Naguib \|title=Egypt's Destiny \|year=1955 \|publisher=[[Victor Gollancz Ltd\|Gollancz]] \|location=[[London]] \|oclc=2326907 \|ref=Nag55}}

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	[[Category:1909 births]]		[[Category:1909 births]]
	[[Category:1996 deaths]]		[[Category:1996 deaths]]
	[[Category:20th-century ~~Regents of Egypt~~]]		[[Category:20th-century regents]]
	[[Category:Egyptian Military Academy alumni]]		[[Category:Egyptian Military Academy alumni]]
	[[Category:Egyptian colonels]]		[[Category:Egyptian colonels]]
	[[Category:Egyptian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]]		[[Category:Egyptian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]]
	[[Category:~~Government~~ ministers of Egypt]]		[[Category:Transport ministers of Egypt]]
	[[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood members]]		[[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood members]]
	[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Egypt]]		[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Egypt]]
	[[Category:Regents of Egypt]]		[[Category:Regents of Egypt]]
	[[Category:People from Beheira Governorate]]		[[Category:People from Beheira Governorate]]
			[[Category:Political prisoners in Egypt]]

->Thepharoah17: Fix

2021-11-19T06:23:17Z

Fix

New page

{{Short description|Egyptian colonel}}
{{Infobox minister
| name = Rashad Mehanna
| image = Regents of Egypt 1952.jpg
| alt =
| caption = Mehanna (right) with [[Prince Muhammad Abdel Moneim]] (left) and [[Bahey El Din Barakat Pasha|Barakat Pasha]] (middle)
| office = [[Ministry of Transportation (Egypt)|Minister of Transport]]
| term_start = 30 July 1952
| term_end = 2 August 1952
| predecessor = [[Mohamed Zoheir Garranah Bey]]<ref name="Bibliotheca">{{cite web |url=http://modernegypt.bibalex.org/TxtViewer/TextViewer.aspx?ID=21872&type=Document |script-title=ar:محمد رشاد مهنا وزيراً للمواصلات في وزارة علي ماهر الرابعة |publisher=Memory of Modern Egypt Digital Archive |location=[[Bibliotheca Alexandrina]] |language=Arabic |trans-title=Appointment of Rashad Mehanna as Minister of Transport in Ali Mahir's Fourth Cabinet |accessdate=2010-08-05}}</ref>
| successor = [[Mohamed Zoheir Garranah Bey]]<ref name="Bibliotheca"/>
| primeminister = [[Ali Mahir Pasha]]
| office2 = [[Regencies in Egypt|Regent of Egypt]]
| term_start2 = 2 August 1952
| term_end2 = 14 October 1952
| monarch2 = [[Fuad II of Egypt|Fuad II]]
| birth_date = {{Birth date | 1909 | 10 | 2 | df=yes }}
| birth_place = [[Kom Hamada]], [[Egypt]]
| death_date = {{Death date and age|1996|1|3|1909|10|2|df=yes}}
| nationality = [[Egyptians|Egyptian]]
| alma_mater = [[The Egyptian Military Academy|Egyptian Military Academy]]
| profession = [[Officer (armed forces)|Officer]]

| branch = [[Artillery]] of the [[Egyptian Army]]
| rank = [[Colonel]]
}}

'''Rashad Mehanna''' ({{Lang-ar|رشاد مهنا
}}; 2 October 1909 - 3 January 1996){{Ref label|Birth|Note A|}} was an [[Egyptians|Egyptian]] [[colonel]] who played a significant role in the [[Egyptian Revolution of 1952]].

==Early life==
Mehanna was born to an [[Al-Azhar University|Azharite]] father in the ''[[Markazes of Egypt|markaze]]'' of [[Kom Hamada]] in the [[Beheira Governorate]]. As a child, he studied at a [[Quranic school]], then went to primary school in [[Tanta]] and obtained his [[high school diploma]] in 1928. He initially went to [[medical school]], but dropped out and joined the [[The Egyptian Military Academy|Egyptian Military Academy]]. He graduated in 1932 and joined the [[artillery]] branch of the [[Egyptian Army]].

Mehanna travelled to the [[United Kingdom]] in 1937 on a military scholarship, then returned a year later in order to work as a teacher at the Artillery School. He was the first Egyptian officer to specialize in [[air defense]]. Where in 1938 he formed the Anti-Aircraft branch of the artillery.

Between 1946 and 1947, Mehanna helped [[Mohammad Amin al-Husayni]] who had proclaimed [[jihad]] in [[Mandatory Palestine|Palestine]]. Along with other officers, he provided him with arms in order to support the Palestinian resistance. Mehanna was arrested in 1947 with a group of other officers on charges of conspiracy against [[Farouk of Egypt|King Farouk I]]. However, he was released after a short while.

==Role in the 1952 Revolution==
Mehanna was contacted by [[Gamal Abdel Nasser]] in 1949 and attended preparatory meetings for the [[Egyptian Revolution of 1952|Revolution]]. During the 1951 elections at the Officers' Club, Mehanna was the one who advocated [[Muhammad Naguib|Muhammad Naguib's]] election.

After the Revolution took place in July 1952, Mehanna was appointed Minister of Transport in the first post-revolutionary government, which was headed by [[Ali Mahir Pasha|Ali Maher]].<ref name="Bibliotheca"/> He was one of the few members of the [[Free Officers Movement (Egypt)|Free Officers Committee]] whose name was actually known, the nine-person committee being shrouded in secrecy and most of its members keeping their names almost a military secret. Mehanna acted as an intermediary between the Free Officers Committee and the [[Cabinet of Egypt|Cabinet]], since he was a member of both.

==Regency and arrest==
Mehanna was chosen by Nasser to serve as a representative of the Army on the three-member [[Regencies in Egypt|Regency Body]] established during the nominal reign of infant king-in-exile [[Fuad II of Egypt|Fuad II]]. However, the Regency Body had no real powers, these having been assumed by the [[Egyptian Revolutionary Command Council|Revolutionary Command Council]] (RCC). Historians of this period agree that one of the main reasons for the hostility that arose between Mehanna and the RCC was that the former actually took his title seriously while Nasser and his colleagues had no intention whatsoever of allowing him to exercise the powers that came with it.<ref>{{cite journal | last = Rizk | first = Yunan Labib | title = Royal help | journal = [[Al-Ahram Weekly]] | issue = 727 | date = 27 January – 2 February 2005 | url = http://weekly.ahram.org.eg/2005/727/chrncls.htm | issn = 1110-2977 | oclc = 163624446 | accessdate = 2008-07-27}}</ref> The standoff ended with the dismissal of Mehanna as a member of the Regency Body.<ref>{{cite journal | title = Naguib Drops Agent in Regency Council | journal = [[The New York Times]] | pages = 3 | date = 1952-10-14 | url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F50A16FF3458177B93C6A8178BD95F468585F9 | accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> The Body was dissolved altogether, and [[Prince Muhammad Abdel Moneim]] was appointed as sole [[Prince regent]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Regent Replaces Council in Egypt | journal = [[The New York Times]] | pages = 17 | date = 1952-10-15 | url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F30814FC3558107A93C7A8178BD95F468585F9 | accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref>

By early 1953, reports began circulating which indicated that Mehanna was the ringleader in an attempted [[Coup d'état|coup]].<ref>{{cite journal | title = Mehanna Reported Ringleader | journal = [[The New York Times]] | pages = 3 | date = 1953-01-17 | url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F60F1FFB355E177B93C5A8178AD85F478585F9 | accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> As a result of this, Mehanna was accused of counterrevolutionary conspiracy and was sentenced to [[life imprisonment]] on 30 March 1953.<ref>{{cite journal | title = Egypt Ex-Regent Gets Prison Term | journal = [[The New York Times]] | pages = 16 | date = 1953-03-31 | url = http://select.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=F00F16FC3D5B177B93C3AA1788D85F478585F9 | accessdate = 2008-08-21}}</ref> However, he was released in 1956 and then put under [[house arrest]]. He was re-arrested in 1965, only to be released once again in 1967. He retired completely from politics after that, and died on 3 January 1996.

==Notes==
:'''A'''{{note|Birth}}: Joan Wucher King's ''[[#Kin89|Historical Dictionary of Egypt]]'' gives 1918 as Mehanna's year of birth and 1982 as his year of death.<ref>[[#Kin89|King 1989]], pp. 427–428</ref> However, [[Arabic Wikipedia]] gives 2 October 1909 as his date of birth and 3 January 1996 as his date of death. It cites an [[obituary]] by [[Mostafa Amin]] published on 10 January 1996. In his memoirs, [[Muhammad Naguib]] states that Mehanna was 39 years old at the time of the 1947 abortive conspiracy, which is concordant with the 1909 birth date.<ref>[[#Nag55|Naguib 1955]], [https://books.google.com/books?id=Uq-aAAAAIAAJ&q=Rashad+Mehanna p. 16]</ref>

==References==
;General
*''This article draws heavily on the [[:ar:رشاد مهنا|Rashad Mehanna]] article in the Arabic-language Wikipedia, which was accessed in the version of 21 August 2008.''
;Specific
{{Reflist}}

==Bibliography==
*{{cite book |last=King |first=Joan Wucher |title=Historical Dictionary of Egypt |series=Books of Lasting Value |year=1989 |origyear=First published 1984 |publisher=[[American University in Cairo Press]] |isbn=978-977-424-213-7 |ref=Kin89}}
*{{cite book |last=Naguib |first=Muhammad |authorlink=Muhammad Naguib |title=Egypt's Destiny |year=1955 |publisher=[[Victor Gollancz Ltd|Gollancz]] |location=[[London]] |oclc=2326907 |ref=Nag55}}

{{s-start}}
{{s-off}}
{{s-bef|before=[[Cabinet of Egypt]]<br>assuming the powers of infant King [[Fuad II of Egypt|Fuad II]]}}
{{s-ttl|title=[[Regencies in Egypt|Regent of Egypt]]|years=1952|regent1=[[Prince Muhammad Abdel Moneim]]|regent2=[[Bahey El Din Barakat Pasha]]}}
{{s-aft|after=[[Prince Muhammad Abdel Moneim]]|as=sole [[Prince regent]]}}
{{s-end}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Mehanna, Rashad}}
[[Category:1909 births]]
[[Category:1996 deaths]]
[[Category:20th-century Regents of Egypt]]
[[Category:Egyptian Military Academy alumni]]
[[Category:Egyptian colonels]]
[[Category:Egyptian prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment]]
[[Category:Government ministers of Egypt]]
[[Category:Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood members]]
[[Category:Prisoners sentenced to life imprisonment by Egypt]]
[[Category:Regents of Egypt]]
[[Category:People from Beheira Governorate]]