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Geographical boundaries: Geographical tag

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{{Infobox language
| name = Rarhi
| nativename = রাঢ়ী
| state = [[India]], [[Bangladesh]]
| region = [[Presidency Division]], [[Nadia district]], [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[Hooghly District]], [[Kushtia District]], [[Meherpur District]], [[Chuadanga District|Chuadanga]]
| speakers = [[Bengali people]] of [[Presidency Division]]
| familycolor = Indo-European
| fam2 = [[Indo-Iranian languages|Indo Iranian]]
| fam3 = [[Indo-Aryan languages|Indo Aryan]]
| fam4 = [[Eastern Indo-Aryan languages|Eastern Zone]]
| fam5 = [[Bengali-Assamese languages|Bengali-Assamese]]
| fam6 = [[Bengali language|Bengali]]
| dialects =
| script = [[Bengali alphabet]]
| isoexception = dialect
| iso1 = bn
| iso2 = ben
| iso3 = ben
| image = rarhi.png
| glotto = cent1983
| glottoname = Central Bengali
}}

'''Rarhi''' ({{lang|bn|রাঢ়ী}}) or '''West-Central''' is the standard dialect of [[Bengali language]] spoken in the southeastern part of [[West Bengal]], in and around the [[Bhagirathi River]] basin of [[Nadia district]]<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=QVOFAAAAQBAJ&q=Central+Standard+Bengali&pg=PA273 |title=Historical Dictionary of the Bengalis |last1=Chakrabarti |first1=Kunal |last2=Chakrabarti |first2=Shubhra |year=2013 |publisher=Scarecrow Press |isbn=9780810880245 |language=en}}</ref> and the [[Presidency division]] in [[West Bengal]], as well as the Greater Kushtia region of western [[Bangladesh]]. It forms the basis of the standard variety of Bengali.<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1-i-MDQGopYC&q=rarhi+dialect&pg=PA49 |title=Thus Flows The Ganges |last=Karan |first=Sudhir Kumar |date=2004 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=9788170999232 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=zojmRqiCtZgC&q=rarhi+dialect |title=Bulletin of the Philological Society of Calcutta |last=Calcutta |first=Philological Society of |date=1966 |publisher=Department of Comparative Philology, University of Calcutta. |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title= Praci Bhasavijnan: Indian Journal of Linguistics|journal=Indian Journal of Linguistics |year=2001 |volume=20 |page=79 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0yxhAAAAMAAJ&q=Rarhi |publisher=Bhasa Vidya Parishad}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Bangladesh Quarterly |date=2002 |publisher=Department of Films & Publications, Government of Bangladesh. |page=6 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-npKpbd428wC&q=Rarhi |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hesyAQAAIAAJ&q=rarhi+dialect |title=Bulletin |last=Calcutta |first=Philological Society of |date=1966 |language=en}}</ref>

==Geographical boundaries==
{{About||the territory in ancient history|Gauḍa (city)|other uses|Gauda (disambiguation)|and|Lakhnauti (disambiguation)}}

This dialect is prevalent in the West Bengali districts of [[Kolkata district|Kolkata]], [[North 24 Parganas district|North 24 Parganas]], [[South 24 Parganas district|South 24 Parganas]], [[Nadia district|Nadia]], [[Howrah district|Howrah]], [[Hooghly District|Hooghly]] and [[Purba Bardhaman district|Purba Bardhaman]]. It is also spoken natively in the [[Chuadanga District|Chuadanga]], [[Kushtia District|Kushtia]] and [[Meherpur District|Meherpur]] districts of [[Bangladesh]], which were a part of the Nadia district prior to the 1947 [[Partition of India]]. Modern Standard Bengali has been formed on the basis of this dialect.

==Features==
Extensive use of ''Obhishruti'' (অভিশ্রুতি, /obʱisrut̪i/). E.g. old Bengali Koriya (করিয়া, /koria/, meaning - having done) > Beng. Koira (কইরা, /koira/) > Beng. Kore (করে, /kore/).<ref>{{Cite book |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IMvjAAAAMAAJ&q=rarhi+dialect |title=Folk-lore |date=1975 |publisher=Indian Publications |language=en}}</ref>

* The change of অ to ও, when অ is the first sound of a word where the অ is followed by ই(ি), ও(ো), ক্ষ or য. E.g. Ati (written অতি, means 'excess') is pronounced as Oti (ওতি, /ot̪i/).
* Use of [[vowel harmony]]. E.g. Bilati (বিলাতি, /bilat̪i/, meaning - foreign) became Biliti (বিলিতি, /biliti/).<ref name=":1">SK Chatterji, The Origin and Development of the Bengali Language, Calcutta University, Calcutta, 1926; CP Masica, The Indo-Aryan Languages, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1991.</ref>

===Obhishruti and Opinihiti===

''Ôbhishruti'' (অভিশ্রুতি, /obʱisrut̪i/) and ''Ôpinihiti'' (অপিনিহিতি, /opinihit̪i/) are two phonological phenomena that occur in spoken Bengali. Opinihiti refers to the phonological process in which a ''ই'' or ''উ'' is pronounced before it occurs in the word. Obhishruti is the sound change in which this shifted ''ই'' or ''উ'' becomes removed and changes the preceding vowel. Observe the example above : Koriya (করিয়া, /koria/) > Koira (কইরা, /koira/) > Kore (করে, /kore/). First Opinihiti changes Koriya to Koira (notice how the I changes position.), then Obhishruti changes Koira (কইরা) to Kore (করে).<ref name=":0">Sunitikumar Chattopadhyay (1939) ভাষা-প্রকাশ বাঙ্গালা ব্যাকরণ, Calcutta University</ref>

== References ==
{{reflist}}

{{Bengali language}}
[[Category:Eastern Indo-Aryan languages]]
[[Category:Bengali dialects]]
[[Category:Languages of West Bengal]]
[[Category:Languages of Bangladesh]]

Rarhi dialect - Revision history

imported>Slake000: /* Geographical boundaries */Geographical tag