Rarh - Revision history

CleanupBot: clean up

2023-10-07T18:30:17Z

clean up

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:00, 8 October 2023
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	==Etymology==		==Etymology==
	The word Rarh originated in the ancient [[Austroasiatic languages\|Austric language]] and means 'a land of red soil'. <ref name = ~~‘rarh’~~>{{cite web\| url = https://bangadarpan.blogspot.com/2010/03/rarh-region-in-west-bengal.html \| title= Rahr Region in West Bengal \| publisher= Banga Darpan \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>		The word Rarh originated in the ancient [[Austroasiatic languages\|Austric language]] and means 'a land of red soil'.<ref name = "rarh">{{cite web\| url = https://bangadarpan.blogspot.com/2010/03/rarh-region-in-west-bengal.html \| title= Rahr Region in West Bengal \| publisher= Banga Darpan \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>

	==History==		==History==
	Rarh is the oldest part of [[Gondwana]] which was formed 300 million years ago.<ref name = ~~‘rarh’~~/>		Rarh is the oldest part of [[Gondwana]] which was formed 300 million years ago.<ref name = "rarh"/>

	Archaeological findings at [[Pandu Rajar Dhibi]] in [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[Dihar]] in [[Bankura district]] and other places have thrown fresh light on the pre-history of this region. Stone implements and other findings indicate early human settlements in this region, but it is difficult to identify their time-period. Ancient Greek and Latin sources (3rd century BC to 1st century AD) refer to a place named [[Gangaridai]] which is identified to be located in this area. The earliest records point to the human settlements in this region of Vanga, Pundra, Radha and Gauda [[Janapada\|janapdas]], possibly having non-Aryan inhabitants. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=History\| title= History \| publisher= Banglapedia\| access-date = 7 August 2023}}</ref>		Archaeological findings at [[Pandu Rajar Dhibi]] in [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[Dihar]] in [[Bankura district]] and other places have thrown fresh light on the pre-history of this region. Stone implements and other findings indicate early human settlements in this region, but it is difficult to identify their time-period. Ancient Greek and Latin sources (3rd century BC to 1st century AD) refer to a place named [[Gangaridai]] which is identified to be located in this area. The earliest records point to the human settlements in this region of Vanga, Pundra, Radha and Gauda [[Janapada\|janapdas]], possibly having non-Aryan inhabitants.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=History\| title= History \| publisher= Banglapedia\| access-date = 7 August 2023}}</ref>

	The Rarh region was divided into several smaller regions – [[Kankagrambhukti]], [[Bardhamanbhukti]] and [[Dandabhukti]], as part of the [[Gupta Empire]] (4th -6th century BC). <ref>Ghosh, Binoy, ''Paschim Banger Sanskriti'', (in Bengali), part I, 1976 edition, pp. 82-86, Prakash Bhaban</ref>		The Rarh region was divided into several smaller regions – [[Kankagrambhukti]], [[Bardhamanbhukti]] and [[Dandabhukti]], as part of the [[Gupta Empire]] (4th -6th century BC).<ref>Ghosh, Binoy, ''Paschim Banger Sanskriti'', (in Bengali), part I, 1976 edition, pp. 82-86, Prakash Bhaban</ref>

	According to the early [[Jainism\|Jain]] scripture ''Acharanga Sutra'', [[Mahavira\|Mahāvīra]] (599-527 BCE), the 24th [[Tirthankara\|Tīrthāṅkara]] of [[Jainism]] travelled in the pathless country of 'Ladha' in [[Vajjabhumi]] and [[Subbhabhumi]] at a time (5th Century BC) when the country was lawless, and the people were harsh at Mahavira. Many great people were born in the Rarh region form ancient times: [[Patanjali]], who systematized [[Yoga]], [[Kashiram Das]] and [[Krittibas Ojha]] retold the Indian classics [[Mahabharata]] and [[Ramayana]] in simple Bengali and is still popular as Kashidasi Mahabharat and Kirittibasi Ramayan. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://bardhaman.com/history/ \| title= History \|publisher= Bardhaman.com \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>		According to the early [[Jainism\|Jain]] scripture ''Acharanga Sutra'', [[Mahavira\|Mahāvīra]] (599-527 BCE), the 24th [[Tirthankara\|Tīrthāṅkara]] of [[Jainism]] travelled in the pathless country of 'Ladha' in [[Vajjabhumi]] and [[Subbhabhumi]] at a time (5th Century BC) when the country was lawless, and the people were harsh at Mahavira. Many great people were born in the Rarh region form ancient times: [[Patanjali]], who systematized [[Yoga]], [[Kashiram Das]] and [[Krittibas Ojha]] retold the Indian classics [[Mahabharata]] and [[Ramayana]] in simple Bengali and is still popular as Kashidasi Mahabharat and Kirittibasi Ramayan.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://bardhaman.com/history/ \| title= History \|publisher= Bardhaman.com \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>

	==Geography==		==Geography==
	The Rarh region is a high, undulating continuation of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]. <ref>{{cite web\| url =https://www.britannica.com/place/Rarh \| title= Rarh \| publisher= Brittanica\| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>It lies between the Chota Nagpur Plateau and the [[Ganges Delta]].<ref name = ~~‘rarh’~~/>		The Rarh region is a high, undulating continuation of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]].<ref>{{cite web\| url =https://www.britannica.com/place/Rarh \| title= Rarh \| publisher= Brittanica\| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref> It lies between the Chota Nagpur Plateau and the [[Ganges Delta]].<ref name = "rarh"/>

	The eastern Rarh region is composed of the western part of [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]], the northern part of [[Birbhum district\|Birbhum]], [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[Hooghly district\|Hooghly]], [[Howrah district\|howrah]], [[Purba Medinipur district\|Purba Medinipur]] and [[Indas (community development block)\|Indas]] in [[Bankura district\|Bankura]].<ref name = ~~‘rarh’~~/>		The eastern Rarh region is composed of the western part of [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]], the northern part of [[Birbhum district\|Birbhum]], [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[Hooghly district\|Hooghly]], [[Howrah district\|howrah]], [[Purba Medinipur district\|Purba Medinipur]] and [[Indas (community development block)\|Indas]] in [[Bankura district\|Bankura]].<ref name = "rarh"/>

	The Western Rarh region is composed of [[Santhal Pargana division\|Santhal Parganas]], most of [[Birbhum district\|Birbhum]], [[Paschim Bardhaman district\|Paschim Bardhaman]], parts of [[Bankura district\|Bankura]], [[Kasmar block\|Kasmar]], [[Petarwar block\|Petarwar]], [[Jaridih block\|Jaridih]] of [[Bokaro district]], Gola block of [[Ramgarh district]], [[Silli block\|Silli]], [[Sonahatu block\|Sonahatu]], [[Bundu block\|Bundu]], [[Tamar block\|Tamar]] of Ranchi district, [[Singhbhum district\|Singhbhum]], [[Jhargram district\|Jhargram]] and parts of [[Paschim Medinipur district\|Paschhim Medinipur]].<ref name = ~~‘rarh’~~/>		The Western Rarh region is composed of [[Santhal Pargana division\|Santhal Parganas]], most of [[Birbhum district\|Birbhum]], [[Paschim Bardhaman district\|Paschim Bardhaman]], parts of [[Bankura district\|Bankura]], [[Kasmar block\|Kasmar]], [[Petarwar block\|Petarwar]], [[Jaridih block\|Jaridih]] of [[Bokaro district]], Gola block of [[Ramgarh district]], [[Silli block\|Silli]], [[Sonahatu block\|Sonahatu]], [[Bundu block\|Bundu]], [[Tamar block\|Tamar]] of Ranchi district, [[Singhbhum district\|Singhbhum]], [[Jhargram district\|Jhargram]] and parts of [[Paschim Medinipur district\|Paschhim Medinipur]].<ref name = "rarh"/>

	According to the Bhuvaneshvara inscription of Bhatta Bhavadeva, Rarh was a dry, waterless and woody region. In old texts there is mention of Bhurisrsta or Bhurishresthika {now Bhurshut in Howrah}, Navagram (now in Hooghly}) and Damunya or Daminya (in Burdwan).<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Radha2\| title= Radha2 \| publisher= Banglapeda \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>		According to the Bhuvaneshvara inscription of Bhatta Bhavadeva, Rarh was a dry, waterless and woody region. In old texts there is mention of Bhurisrsta or Bhurishresthika {now Bhurshut in Howrah}, Navagram (now in Hooghly}) and Damunya or Daminya (in Burdwan).<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Radha2\| title= Radha2 \| publisher= Banglapeda \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>
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	==Language==		==Language==
	[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>Bengali is one of the 22 languages recognized by the [[Constitution of India]]. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.sscadda.com/national-language-of-india/ \| title= National Language of India as Per Constitution, Complete List of 22 Languages in India \|publisher= SSC Adda 24/7\| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>[[Rarhi dialect]] has emerged as the base of the standard Bengali language.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.gktoday.in/question/the-standard-bengali-language-is-emerged-from-whic \| title= Rarhi dialect \| publisher= GK Today\| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>		[[Bengali language\|Bengali]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref> Bengali is one of the 22 languages recognized by the [[Constitution of India]].<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.sscadda.com/national-language-of-india/ \| title= National Language of India as Per Constitution, Complete List of 22 Languages in India \|publisher= SSC Adda 24/7\| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>[[Rarhi dialect]] has emerged as the base of the standard Bengali language.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.gktoday.in/question/the-standard-bengali-language-is-emerged-from-whic \| title= Rarhi dialect \| publisher= GK Today\| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>

	==Religion==		==Religion==
	[[Dharmathakur]] is a Hindu-deity worshipped by many followers in the Rarh region. A special village god (gram devata) he is represented by a shapeless stone daubed with vermillion and is normally placed under a tree or placed in the open, but sometimes enshrined in a temple. In the Middle Ages, [[Dharmamangal]] eulogised Dharmathakur. <ref>O'Malley, L.S.S., ICS, ''Birbhum'', ''Bengal District Gazetteers'', p. 36, 1996 reprint, first published 1910, Government of West Bengal</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dharma-Thakur \| title= Dharma-Thakur \| publisher= Brittanica \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Dharma_Thakur \| title= Dharma Thakur \| work= Sambaru Chandra Mohanta \|publisher= Banglapedia \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>		[[Dharmathakur]] is a Hindu-deity worshipped by many followers in the Rarh region. A special village god (gram devata) he is represented by a shapeless stone daubed with vermillion and is normally placed under a tree or placed in the open, but sometimes enshrined in a temple. In the Middle Ages, [[Dharmamangal]] eulogised Dharmathakur.<ref>O'Malley, L.S.S., ICS, ''Birbhum'', ''Bengal District Gazetteers'', p. 36, 1996 reprint, first published 1910, Government of West Bengal</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dharma-Thakur \| title= Dharma-Thakur \| publisher= Brittanica \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Dharma_Thakur \| title= Dharma Thakur \| work= Sambaru Chandra Mohanta \|publisher= Banglapedia \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

Kamal Guha: /* History */ Additions

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History: Additions

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	==History==		==History==
	Rarh is the oldest part of [[Gondwana]] which was formed 300 million years ago.<ref name = ‘rarh’/>		Rarh is the oldest part of [[Gondwana]] which was formed 300 million years ago.<ref name = ‘rarh’/>

			Archaeological findings at [[Pandu Rajar Dhibi]] in [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[Dihar]] in [[Bankura district]] and other places have thrown fresh light on the pre-history of this region. Stone implements and other findings indicate early human settlements in this region, but it is difficult to identify their time-period. Ancient Greek and Latin sources (3rd century BC to 1st century AD) refer to a place named [[Gangaridai]] which is identified to be located in this area. The earliest records point to the human settlements in this region of Vanga, Pundra, Radha and Gauda [[Janapada\|janapdas]], possibly having non-Aryan inhabitants. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=History\| title= History \| publisher= Banglapedia\| access-date = 7 August 2023}}</ref>

	The Rarh region was divided into several smaller regions – [[Kankagrambhukti]], [[Bardhamanbhukti]] and [[Dandabhukti]], as part of the [[Gupta Empire]] (4th -6th century BC). <ref>Ghosh, Binoy, ''Paschim Banger Sanskriti'', (in Bengali), part I, 1976 edition, pp. 82-86, Prakash Bhaban</ref>		The Rarh region was divided into several smaller regions – [[Kankagrambhukti]], [[Bardhamanbhukti]] and [[Dandabhukti]], as part of the [[Gupta Empire]] (4th -6th century BC). <ref>Ghosh, Binoy, ''Paschim Banger Sanskriti'', (in Bengali), part I, 1976 edition, pp. 82-86, Prakash Bhaban</ref>

Kamal Guha: /* Religion */ addtions

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Religion: addtions

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	==Religion==		==Religion==
	[[Dharmathakur]] is a Hindu-deity worshipped by many followers in the Rarh region. A special village god (gram devata) he is represented by a shapeless stone daubed with vermillion and is normally placed under a tree or placed in the open, but sometimes enshrined in a temple. <ref>O'Malley, L.S.S., ICS, ''Birbhum'', ''Bengal District Gazetteers'', p. 36, 1996 reprint, first published 1910, Government of West Bengal</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dharma-Thakur \| title= Dharma-Thakur \| publisher= Brittanica \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Dharma_Thakur \| title= Dharma Thakur \| work= Sambaru Chandra Mohanta \|publisher= Banglapedia \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>		[[Dharmathakur]] is a Hindu-deity worshipped by many followers in the Rarh region. A special village god (gram devata) he is represented by a shapeless stone daubed with vermillion and is normally placed under a tree or placed in the open, but sometimes enshrined in a temple. In the Middle Ages, [[Dharmamangal]] eulogised Dharmathakur. <ref>O'Malley, L.S.S., ICS, ''Birbhum'', ''Bengal District Gazetteers'', p. 36, 1996 reprint, first published 1910, Government of West Bengal</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dharma-Thakur \| title= Dharma-Thakur \| publisher= Brittanica \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Dharma_Thakur \| title= Dharma Thakur \| work= Sambaru Chandra Mohanta \|publisher= Banglapedia \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==

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	[[Category:Regions of West Bengal]]		[[Category:Regions of West Bengal]]
	[[Category:Geographical regions of India]]		[[Category:Geographical regions of India]]
			[[Category:Ancient divisions in Bengal]]

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	Rarh is the oldest part of [[Gondwana]] which was formed 300 million years ago.<ref name = ‘rarh’/>		Rarh is the oldest part of [[Gondwana]] which was formed 300 million years ago.<ref name = ‘rarh’/>

	According to Acharanga Sutra, [[Mahavira\|Mahāvīra]] (599-527 BCE), the 24th [[Tirthankara\|Tīrthāṅkara]] of [[Jainism]] travelled in the pathless country of 'Ladha' in [[Vajjabhumi]] and [[Subbhabhumi]] at a time (5th Century BC) when the country was lawless, and the people were harsh at Mahavira. Many great people were born in the Rarh region form ancient times: [[Patanjali]], who systematized [[Yoga]], [[Kashiram Das]] and [[Krittibas Ojha]] retold the Indian classics [[Mahabharata]] and [[Ramayana]] in simple Bengali and is still popular as Kashidasi Mahabharat and Kirittibasi Ramayan. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://bardhaman.com/history/ \| title= History \|publisher= Bardhaman.com \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>		The Rarh region was divided into several smaller regions – [[Kankagrambhukti]], [[Bardhamanbhukti]] and [[Dandabhukti]], as part of the [[Gupta Empire]] (4th -6th century BC). <ref>Ghosh, Binoy, ''Paschim Banger Sanskriti'', (in Bengali), part I, 1976 edition, pp. 82-86, Prakash Bhaban</ref>

			According to the early [[Jainism\|Jain]] scripture ''Acharanga Sutra'', [[Mahavira\|Mahāvīra]] (599-527 BCE), the 24th [[Tirthankara\|Tīrthāṅkara]] of [[Jainism]] travelled in the pathless country of 'Ladha' in [[Vajjabhumi]] and [[Subbhabhumi]] at a time (5th Century BC) when the country was lawless, and the people were harsh at Mahavira. Many great people were born in the Rarh region form ancient times: [[Patanjali]], who systematized [[Yoga]], [[Kashiram Das]] and [[Krittibas Ojha]] retold the Indian classics [[Mahabharata]] and [[Ramayana]] in simple Bengali and is still popular as Kashidasi Mahabharat and Kirittibasi Ramayan. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://bardhaman.com/history/ \| title= History \|publisher= Bardhaman.com \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>

	==Geography==		==Geography==

Kamal Guha: /* Language */ Changes made

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Language: Changes made

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	==Language==		==Language==
	[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>It is the ~~second most widely spoken language in India after~~ [[~~Hindi~~]]. ~~There are mainly six dialects~~ of ~~Bengali: Bangali dialect~~, [[Rarhi dialect~~\|Rarhi~~]]~~, Manbhumi, Varendri, [[KRNB lects\|Rangpuri]] and Sundarbani~~.<ref ~~name="IJL2001"~~>{{cite ~~journal\|date=2001\|title=Praci Bhasavijnan: Indian Journal of Linguistics~~\|url=https://~~books~~.~~google~~.~~com~~/~~books?id=0yxhAAAAMAAJ&q~~=Rarhi~~\|journal=Indian Journal of Linguistics\|language=en~~\|publisher=~~Bhasa Vidya Parishad~~\|~~volume=20\|page~~=79}} ~~NB Barendra refers to Varendri~~</ref>		[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>Bengali is one of the 22 languages recognized by the [[Constitution of India]]. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.sscadda.com/national-language-of-india/ \| title= National Language of India as Per Constitution, Complete List of 22 Languages in India \|publisher= SSC Adda 24/7\| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>[[Rarhi dialect]] has emerged as the base of the standard Bengali language.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.gktoday.in/question/the-standard-bengali-language-is-emerged-from-whic \| title= Rarhi dialect \| publisher= GK Today\| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>

	==Religion==		==Religion==

Kamal Guha: /* Language */ Reference

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Language: Reference

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	==Language==		==Language==
	[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>It is the second most widely spoken language in India after [[Hindi]]. There are mainly six dialects of Bengali: Bangali dialect, [[Rarhi dialect\|Rarhi]], Manbhumi, Varendri, [[KRNB lects\|Rangpuri]] and Sundarbani.<ref>{{cite ~~web~~\| url = https://books.google.~~co.in~~/books?id=0yxhAAAAMAAJ&q=Rarhi~~&redir_esc~~=y \| ~~title~~= ~~Try the New Google Books~~ \| publisher= ~~Google~~\| ~~access-date~~ = ~~4 August 2023~~}}</ref>		[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>It is the second most widely spoken language in India after [[Hindi]]. There are mainly six dialects of Bengali: Bangali dialect, [[Rarhi dialect\|Rarhi]], Manbhumi, Varendri, [[KRNB lects\|Rangpuri]] and Sundarbani.<ref name="IJL2001">{{cite journal\|date=2001\|title=Praci Bhasavijnan: Indian Journal of Linguistics\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0yxhAAAAMAAJ&q=Rarhi\|journal=Indian Journal of Linguistics\|language=en\|publisher=Bhasa Vidya Parishad\|volume=20\|page=79}} NB Barendra refers to Varendri</ref>

	==Religion==		==Religion==

Kamal Guha: /* Language */ Link added

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Language: Link added

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	==Language==		==Language==
	[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>It is the second most widely spoken language in India after [[Hindi]]. There are mainly six dialects of Bengali: Bangali dialect, [[Rarhi dialect\|Rarhi]], Manbhumi, Varendri, [[KRNB lects\|Rangpuri]] and Sundarbani.		[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>It is the second most widely spoken language in India after [[Hindi]]. There are mainly six dialects of Bengali: Bangali dialect, [[Rarhi dialect\|Rarhi]], Manbhumi, Varendri, [[KRNB lects\|Rangpuri]] and Sundarbani.<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://books.google.co.in/books?id=0yxhAAAAMAAJ&q=Rarhi&redir_esc=y \| title= Try the New Google Books \| publisher= Google\| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>

	==Religion==		==Religion==

Kamal Guha: New page

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New page

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	~~#REDIRECT~~ [[Rarh region]]		{{Infobox settlement
			\| name = Rarh
			\| native_name =
			\| type = Geographical region
			\| subdivision_type = Country
			\| subdivision_name = {{flag\|India}}
			\| subdivision_type1 = State
			\| subdivision_name1 = [[West Bengal]]
			\| subdivision_type2 = [[List of districts of India\|Districts covered]]
			\| subdivision_name2 = [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]], [[Birbhum district\|Birbhum]], [[Bankura district\|Bankura]], [[Paschim Bardhaman district\|Paschim Bardhaman]], [[Purba Bardhaman district\|Purba Bardhaman]], [[Paschim Medinipur district\|Paschim Medinipur]], [[Purba Medinipur district\|Purba Medinipur]], [[Nadia district]]
			\| blank_name_sec1 = Regional Language(s) and/or dialect(s)
			\| blank_info_sec1 = [[Rarhi dialect]] of the [[Bengali language]]
			\| area_total_km2 =
			\| population_as_of =
			\| population_total =
			\| population_density_km2 =
			\| population_demonym =
			\| image_skyline = File:Dharmarajtala Surmanagar Arnab Dutta.JPG
			\| image_caption = Dharmarajtala, the sacred shrine of Dharmathakur, at Surmanagar village, Bankura district
			}}
			'''Rarh''' (রাঢ়) is a natural geographical region primarily in the [[India]]n [[States and territories of India\|state]] of [[West Bengal]].

			==Etymology==
			The word Rarh originated in the ancient [[Austroasiatic languages\|Austric language]] and means 'a land of red soil'. <ref name = ‘rarh’>{{cite web\| url = https://bangadarpan.blogspot.com/2010/03/rarh-region-in-west-bengal.html \| title= Rahr Region in West Bengal \| publisher= Banga Darpan \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>

			==History==
			Rarh is the oldest part of [[Gondwana]] which was formed 300 million years ago.<ref name = ‘rarh’/>

			According to Acharanga Sutra, [[Mahavira\|Mahāvīra]] (599-527 BCE), the 24th [[Tirthankara\|Tīrthāṅkara]] of [[Jainism]] travelled in the pathless country of 'Ladha' in [[Vajjabhumi]] and [[Subbhabhumi]] at a time (5th Century BC) when the country was lawless, and the people were harsh at Mahavira. Many great people were born in the Rarh region form ancient times: [[Patanjali]], who systematized [[Yoga]], [[Kashiram Das]] and [[Krittibas Ojha]] retold the Indian classics [[Mahabharata]] and [[Ramayana]] in simple Bengali and is still popular as Kashidasi Mahabharat and Kirittibasi Ramayan. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://bardhaman.com/history/ \| title= History \|publisher= Bardhaman.com \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>

			==Geography==
			The Rarh region is a high, undulating continuation of the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]]. <ref>{{cite web\| url =https://www.britannica.com/place/Rarh \| title= Rarh \| publisher= Brittanica\| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>It lies between the Chota Nagpur Plateau and the [[Ganges Delta]].<ref name = ‘rarh’/>

			The eastern Rarh region is composed of the western part of [[Murshidabad district\|Murshidabad]], the northern part of [[Birbhum district\|Birbhum]], [[Purba Bardhaman district]], [[Hooghly district\|Hooghly]], [[Howrah district\|howrah]], [[Purba Medinipur district\|Purba Medinipur]] and [[Indas (community development block)\|Indas]] in [[Bankura district\|Bankura]].<ref name = ‘rarh’/>

			The Western Rarh region is composed of [[Santhal Pargana division\|Santhal Parganas]], most of [[Birbhum district\|Birbhum]], [[Paschim Bardhaman district\|Paschim Bardhaman]], parts of [[Bankura district\|Bankura]], [[Kasmar block\|Kasmar]], [[Petarwar block\|Petarwar]], [[Jaridih block\|Jaridih]] of [[Bokaro district]], Gola block of [[Ramgarh district]], [[Silli block\|Silli]], [[Sonahatu block\|Sonahatu]], [[Bundu block\|Bundu]], [[Tamar block\|Tamar]] of Ranchi district, [[Singhbhum district\|Singhbhum]], [[Jhargram district\|Jhargram]] and parts of [[Paschim Medinipur district\|Paschhim Medinipur]].<ref name = ‘rarh’/>

			According to the Bhuvaneshvara inscription of Bhatta Bhavadeva, Rarh was a dry, waterless and woody region. In old texts there is mention of Bhurisrsta or Bhurishresthika {now Bhurshut in Howrah}, Navagram (now in Hooghly}) and Damunya or Daminya (in Burdwan).<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Radha2\| title= Radha2 \| publisher= Banglapeda \| access-date = 3 August 2023}}</ref>

			Rivers flowing through the Rarh region include: [[Damodar River\|Damodar]], [[Ajay River\|Ajay]], [[Mayurakshi River\|Mayurakshi]], [[Dwarakeswar River\|Dwarakeshwar]], [[Shilabati River\|Shilabati/Shilai]] and [[Kangsabati River\|Kangsabati/Kasai]]. All the rivers originate on the [[Chota Nagpur Plateau]] and flow down to meet the [[Hooghly River\|Hooghly]].<ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.easternheavens.com/sp-rarh-bengal \| title= Rarh Bengal Hills & Forests & Lakes \| publisher= Eastern Heavens \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>

			==Language==
			[[Bengali language\|Bengali ]] is the sixth most spoken first language in the world. <ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/world/ \| title= World\| work= Languages \|publisher= World Factbook \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>It is the second most widely spoken language in India after [[Hindi]]. There are mainly six dialects of Bengali: Bangali dialect, [[Rarhi dialect\|Rarhi]], Manbhumi, Varendri, [[KRNB lects\|Rangpuri]] and Sundarbani.

			==Religion==
			[[Dharmathakur]] is a Hindu-deity worshipped by many followers in the Rarh region. A special village god (gram devata) he is represented by a shapeless stone daubed with vermillion and is normally placed under a tree or placed in the open, but sometimes enshrined in a temple. <ref>O'Malley, L.S.S., ICS, ''Birbhum'', ''Bengal District Gazetteers'', p. 36, 1996 reprint, first published 1910, Government of West Bengal</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://www.britannica.com/topic/Dharma-Thakur \| title= Dharma-Thakur \| publisher= Brittanica \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref><ref>{{cite web\| url = https://en.banglapedia.org/index.php?title=Dharma_Thakur \| title= Dharma Thakur \| work= Sambaru Chandra Mohanta \|publisher= Banglapedia \| access-date = 4 August 2023}}</ref>

			==References==
			{{reflist}}

			{{West Bengal}}

			[[Category:Regions of West Bengal]]
			[[Category:Geographical regions of India]]

Republic Bangla: improve section to improve readability and fixed typos per standard format

2012-08-27T10:37:19Z

improve section to improve readability and fixed typos per standard format

New page

#REDIRECT [[Rarh region]]