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{{Short description|Species of amphibian}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{Speciesbox
| image = philautus luteolus.jpg
| image_caption = [[File:Raorchestes_luteolus_call.ogg|thumb|Calls]]
| status = DD | status_system = IUCN3.1
| status_ref = <ref name=IUCN>{{Cite iucn | author = Indraneil Das | title = ''Raorchestes luteolus'' | volume = 2004 | page = e.T58867A11841647 | date = 2004 | doi = 10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T58867A11841647.en | access-date = 3 January 2018}}</ref>
| taxon = Raorchestes luteolus
| authority = (Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003)
| synonyms = ''Philautus neelanethrus'' Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003 
''Philautus neelanethrus'' Gururaja, Aravind, Ali, Ramachandra, Velavan, Krishnakumar, and Aggarwal, 2007
}}

'''''Raorchestes luteolus''''' (sometimes known as '''Coorg yellow bush frog''') is a species of [[frog]] in the family [[Rhacophoridae]].
It is [[Endemism|endemic]] to the [[Western Ghats]], [[India]], where it is only known from the state of [[Karnataka]]. Many of the known populations are from the [[Kodagu district]], known also by its anglicised former name of Coorg—hence the common name. It is also known from the [[Shimoga district]] in the [[Sharavathi]] basin where it was described as a new species, ''Philautus neelanethrus'', but this is now considered to be a junior synonym of ''Raorchestes luteolus''.<ref name=frost>{{cite web |url=http://research.amnh.org/vz/herpetology/amphibia/?action=names&taxon=Raorchestes+luteolus |title=''Raorchestes luteolus'' (Kuramoto and Joshy, 2003) |author=Frost, Darrel R. |year=2013 |work=Amphibian Species of the World 5.6, an Online Reference |publisher=American Museum of Natural History |access-date=8 November 2013}}</ref><ref name=Biju>{{Cite journal | last1 = Biju | first1 = S. D.| author-link1 = Sathyabhama Das Biju| last2 = Bossuyt | first2 = F. | doi = 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00466.x | title = Systematics and phylogeny of ''Philautus'' Gistel, 1848 (Anura, Rhacophoridae) in the Western Ghats of India, with descriptions of 12 new species | journal = Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society | volume = 155 | issue = 2 | pages = 374–444| year = 2009 | doi-access = free }}</ref>

==Description==
''Raorchestes luteolus'' is a small frog, males measuring {{convert|24|-|29|mm|abbr=on}} in snout-vent length. Its colour is variable. The dominant colour form is yellowish brown with light-brownish lines or light-yellowish with discontinuous light-brown lines, but some individuals may be almost golden yellow with only faint spots. The iris is light brown encircled with a bluish green outer ring.<ref name=Biju/>

''Raorchestes luteolus'' is a close relative of ''[[Raorchestes travancoricus]]'' with which it can be confused. The distinguishing characters are its medium size (mean adult male snout-vent length 26.8 mm), pointed snout, rounded [[Canthus (herpetology)|canthus]], yellow or yellowish brown dorsum with dark brown spots and faint discontinuous lines, and [[Lore (anatomy)|loreal]] and golden yellow or yellowish brown [[Tympanum (anatomy)|tympanic]] regions.<ref name=Biju/>

==Habitat==
''Raorchestes luteolus'' are most commonly found in disturbed habitats, near coffee plantations adjacent to primary forests and waysides.<ref name=Biju/> In [[Sharavathi]] it was also found from ''[[Myristica]]'' swamps.<ref name=Gururaja>{{cite journal |last1=Gururaja |first1=KV |author2=Aravind NA |author3=Ali S |author4=Ramachandra TV |author5=Velavan TP |author6=Krishnakumar V |author7=Aggarwal RK |year=2007 |title=A new frog species from the central Western Ghats of India, and its phylogenetic position |journal=Zoological Science |volume=24 |issue=5 |pages=525–534 |doi=10.2108/zsj.24.525 |pmid=17867853|s2cid=14673032 }}</ref>

==Behaviour==
''Raorchestes luteolus'' are often found on leaves or stems of shrubs about one metre above the ground. Male frogs start calling at dusk, first under the leaf litter and then ascending to the vegetation. Call characteristics may differ between populations; in particular, between the [[Sharavathi]] frogs described as ''Philautus neelanethrus'' and the nominal ''Raorchestes luteolus''.<ref name=Gururaja/>

==Life cycle==
The life cycle of ''Raorchestes luteolus'' is not known in any detail, but the observation of a pair in [[amplexus]] away from water suggests that it has [[direct development]],<ref name=Gururaja/> as is typical for the genus ''[[Raorchestes]]''.<ref>{{Cite journal | last = Biju| first = S. D.|author2=Yogesh Shouche |author3=Alain Dubois |author4=S. K. Dutta |author5=Franky Bossuyt | year = 2010| title = A ground-dwelling rhacophorid frog from the highest mountain peak of the Western Ghats of India| journal = Current Science| volume = 98| issue = 8| pages = 1119–1125| url = http://www.amphibia.be/pubs/CurrSci_2010.pdf}}</ref>

==Gallery==
<gallery>
File:Raorchestes luteolus.jpg|''Raorchestes luteolus'' from [[Kudremukh]]
File:Blue_eyed_bush_frog_at_Bisle.jpg|''Raorchestes luteolus'' from [[Bisle]]
File:Raorchestes luteolus (Yellow Bush frog).jpg|Raorchestes luteolus (Yellow bush frog)
File:Raorchestes luteolus vocalizing.jpg|Male ''Raorchestes luteolus'' vocalizing
</gallery>

==References==
{{Commons category|Raorchestes luteolus}}
{{Reflist}}

{{Taxonbar|from=Q2702688}}

[[Category:Raorchestes|luteolus]]
[[Category:Frogs of India]]
[[Category:Endemic fauna of the Western Ghats]]
[[Category:Taxonomy articles created by Polbot]]
[[Category:Amphibians described in 2003]]

Raorchestes luteolus - Revision history

imported>Citation bot: Add: s2cid, issue. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Abductive | Category:Use Indian English from January 2020 | via #UCB_Category 353/1871