Rani Durgavati - Revision history

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	{{Infobox royalty		{{Infobox royalty
	\| image = Rani Durgavati.jpg		\| image = Rani Durgavati.jpg
	\| caption =		\| caption = Portrait of Rani Durgavati
	\| succession =[[Maharani]] of [[~~Gondwana, India~~\|Gondwana]]		\| succession = ''De facto'' ruler and [[Maharani]] of [[Garha-Mandla\|Gondwana]]
	\| birth_date = {{birth-date\|5 October 1524}}		\| birth_date = {{birth-date\|5 October 1524}}
	\| birth_place =[[Kalinjar Fort]]		\| birth_place = [[Kalinjar Fort]]
	\| death_date = {{death date and age\|1564\|06\|24\|1524\|10\|05\|df=y}}		\| death_date = {{death date and age\|1564\|06\|24\|1524\|10\|05\|df=y}}
	\| death_place = ~~Narai~~ Nala, [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]		\| death_place = Narrai Nala, [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
	\| spouse = [[Dalpat Shah]]		\| spouse = [[Dalpat Shah]]
	\| issue = Vir Narayan		\| issue = Vir Narayan
	\| successor = ~~''possibly''~~ Vir Narayan		\| successor = Vir Narayan
	\| father = ~~Salibahan~~		\| father = Keerat Rai
	\| religion = Hinduism		\| religion = [[Hinduism]]
	}}		}}
	'''Rani Durgavati''' (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the ruling Queen of [[Garha Kingdom\|Gondwana]] from 1550 until 1564. She was born in the family of [[Chandel (Rajput clan)\|Chandel]] Rajput king Salibahan<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Beveridge\|first=H.\|url=http://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.55649\|title=The Akbarnama Of Abul Fazl Vol. 2\|date=1907\|pages=324}}</ref> at the fort of [[Mahoba]]. She was married to [[Dalpat Shah]] the son of ~~the~~ king [[Sangram Shah]] of the [[Garha Kingdom]].		'''Rani Durgavati''' (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the ruling Queen of [[Garha Kingdom\|Gondwana]] from 1550 until 1564. She was married to [[Dalpat Shah]], the son of king [[Sangram Shah]] of the [[Garha Kingdom]]. She is chiefly remembered for [[Mughal conquest of Garha\|defending her kingdom]] against the [[Mughal Empire]].

	==Life==		==Life==
	~~In 1542, she~~ was ~~married to~~ [[~~Dalpat Shah~~]], the ~~son~~ of the ~~king~~ [[~~Sangram Shah~~]] ~~of the~~ [[~~Garha Kingdom~~]]~~. According to Abul Fazl~~, ~~Dalpat Shah was~~ the ~~son of a~~ [[~~Kachwaha\|Kachhwaha~~]] ~~Rajput adopted by the Raja of Garha Mandla~~.<ref>{{~~Cite~~ book\|~~last~~=~~Dikshit~~\|~~first~~=~~R. K~~.\|~~url~~=~~https~~:~~//books~~.~~google.com/books?id=a9j9ZJGJOV0C&pg=PA130\|title=The Candellas of Jejākabhukti~~\|date=~~1976\|publisher=Abhinav Publications~~\|~~isbn~~=~~978-81-7017~~-~~046-4~~\|~~pages~~=~~8\|quote=According to Abu Fazl however, Durgavati husband, Dalpat Shah was the son of a Kachavaha Rajput, who had been adopted by the raja of Gadha Mandla\|language=en}}<~~/~~ref><ref>{{Cite book\|last=Abul Fazl\|first=Henry Beveridge\|title=Akbarnama Vol-2\|year=1907\|pages=326}}<~~/~~ref> The [[Chandel (Rajput clan)\|Chandel]] of [[mahoba]] and Rajgonds of [[Garha Kingdom\|Garha Kingdom dynasty]] (Garha Mandla) dynasties were allied because of this marriage~~.~~<ref name="women of India">{{cite book \|author1=Archana Garodia Gupta \|title=The Women Who Ruled India- Leaders~~. ~~Warriors~~. ~~Icons~~. \|~~date=20 April 2019 \|publisher=Hachette India \|isbn=9789351951537 \|~~url=https://~~www~~.~~google~~.co.in/~~books~~/~~edition~~/~~The_Women_Who_Ruled_India~~/~~4XuLDwAAQBAJ?hl=en&gbpv~~=~~1&dq=Dalpat+Shah&pg=PT67&printsec=frontcover~~ \|language=~~English~~ \|~~format~~=~~Ebook~~}}</ref>		Durgavati was born on 5 October 1524 at the fortress of [[Kalinjar]]. She was born in the family of the [[Chandela dynasty#Final decline\|Chandela]] [[Rajput]] king Shalivahan, who ruled the [[Mahoba]] kingdom.<ref name="akbarnama">{{cite book \|last1=Beveridge \|first1=H. \|title=The Akbarnama Of Abul Fazl : Vol. II \|date=1907 \|page=323-333 \|url=http://www.new.dli.ernet.in/handle/2015/55649 \|archive-url=https://archive.org/details/in.ernet.dli.2015.55649/page/n333/mode/2up \|archive-date=16 January 2017 \|language=en \|chapter=Conquest of the country of Gadha Katanga by the sword of the genius of Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan}}</ref>

	Dalpat Shah ~~died in 1550 and due to~~ the ~~young age~~ of ~~Vir Narayan, Durgavati took~~ the ~~reins~~ of the ~~Gondwana kingdom.~~ [[~~Diwan (title)\|Diwan~~]] ~~Beohar Adhar Simha and Minister Man Thakur helped the Rani in looking after the administration successfully and effectively~~. ~~Rani Durgavati promoted peace, trade, and good will throughout her realm~~<ref>{{Cite ~~journal~~\|last=~~Knight~~\|first=~~Roderic~~\|title=The "~~Bana~~"~~, Epic Fiddle~~ of ~~Central~~ India\|~~journal~~=~~Asian Music~~ \|~~year~~=~~2000~~ \|~~volume~~=32 \|~~issue~~=1 \|~~pages~~=~~101–140~~\|~~doi~~=10.~~2307~~/~~834332~~ \|~~jstor~~=~~834332~~ }}</ref>		In 1542, she was married to [[Dalpat Shah]], the son of the king [[Sangram Shah]] of the [[Garha Kingdom]].<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Dikshit\|first=R. K.\|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=a9j9ZJGJOV0C&pg=PA130\|title=The Candellas of Jejākabhukti\|date=1976\|publisher=Abhinav Publications\|isbn=978-81-7017-046-4\|pages=8\|quote=According to Abu Fazl however, Durgavati husband, Dalpat Shah was the son of a Kachavaha Rajput, who had been adopted by the raja of Gadha Mandla\|language=en}}</ref><ref name="akbarnama"/> The [[Chandela dynasty#Final decline\|Chandela]]s of [[Mahoba]] and Rajgonds of [[Garha Kingdom\|Garha-Mandla]] dynasties became allies through this marriage.<ref name="women of India">{{cite book \|author1=Archana Garodia Gupta \|title=The Women Who Ruled India- Leaders. Warriors. Icons. \|date=20 April 2019 \|publisher=Hachette India \|isbn=9789351951537 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4XuLDwAAQBAJ&dq=Dalpat+Shah&pg=PT67 \|language=English \|format=Ebook}}</ref>

	~~Rani~~ Durgavati ~~moved her capital to~~ [[~~:hi:%E0%A4%9A%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A2%E0%A4%BC %E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE~~\|~~Chauragarh~~]] in ~~place of~~		===Queen regnant===
	~~[[Singorgarh fort]]~~. ~~It was a fort of strategic importance situated on the [[Satpura]] hill range~~<ref>{{Cite ~~book~~\|last=~~Abul Fazl~~\|first=~~Henry Beveridge~~\|title=~~Akbarnama Vol-2~~\|year=~~1907~~\|pages=~~327~~}}</ref>		Dalpat Shah died in 1550 and due to the young age of Vir Narayan, Durgavati took the reins of the Gondwana kingdom. [[Diwan (title)\|Diwan]] Adhar Kayastha and Minister Man Thakur helped the Rani in looking after the administration successfully and effectively. Rani Durgavati promoted peace, trade, and good will throughout her realm.<ref>{{Cite journal\|last=Knight\|first=Roderic\|title=The "Bana", Epic Fiddle of Central India\|journal=Asian Music \|year=2000 \|volume=32 \|issue=1 \|pages=101–140\|doi=10.2307/834332 \|jstor=834332 }}</ref>

	~~After the death of~~ [[~~Sher Shah Suri~~]]~~, Shuja Khan captured~~ [[~~Malwa~~]] ~~and~~ was ~~succeeded by his son~~ [[~~Baz Bahadur~~]] ~~in 1556.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Gupta\|first=Parmeshwari Lal\|url=https://www.goodreads~~.com/book/show/13223223-coins\|title=Coins\|date=1969\|publisher=National Book Trust\|isbn=9788123718873\|pages=128\|language=en}}</ref> After ascending to the throne, Baz attacked Rani Durgavati but the attack was repulsed<ref~~>{{Cite book\|last=Abul Fazl\|first=Henry Beveridge\|title=Akbarnama Volume-2\|year~~=~~1907\|pages=327–328}}<~~/~~ref~~>		Rani Durgavati moved her capital from [[Singorgarh fort]] to [[Narsinghpur\|Chauragarh fort]]. It was a fort of strategic importance situated on the [[Satpura]] hill range.<ref name="akbarnama"/>

	~~In 1562,~~ [[~~Akbar~~]] ~~vanquished the~~ [[Malwa]] ~~ruler~~ [[Baz Bahadur]] ~~and conquered [[Malwa]], made it a [[Mughal Empire~~\|~~Mughal]] dominion~~. ~~Consequently~~, ~~the state boundary of the~~ Rani ~~touched~~ the ~~[[Mughal Empire]]~~.		After the death of [[Sher Shah Suri]], Shuja Khan captured [[Malwa]] and was succeeded by his son [[Baz Bahadur]] in 1556.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Gupta\|first=Parmeshwari Lal\|url=https://www.goodreads.com/book/show/13223223-coins\|title=Coins\|date=1969\|publisher=National Book Trust\|isbn=9788123718873\|pages=128\|language=en}}</ref> After ascending to the throne, Baz attacked Rani Durgavati but the attack was repulsed.<ref>{{Cite book\|last=Abul Fazl\|first=Henry Beveridge\|title=Akbarnama Volume-2\|year=1907\|pages=327–328}}</ref>

	Rani's contemporary was a [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] General, Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan, an ambitious man who vanquished Ramchandra, the ruler of [[Rewa (princely state)\|Rewa]]. The prosperity of Rani Durgavati's state lured him and he invaded Rani's state after taking permission from [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] emperor [[Akbar]].		===War with the Mughal===
			In 1562, [[Akbar]] vanquished the [[Malwa]] ruler [[Baz Bahadur]] and conquered [[Malwa]], made it a [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] dominion. Consequently, the state boundary of the Rani touched the [[Mughal Empire]]. Rani's contemporary was a [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] General, Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan, an ambitious man who vanquished Ramchandra, the ruler of [[Rewa (princely state)\|Rewa]]. The prosperity of Rani Durgavati's state lured him and he invaded Rani's state after taking permission from [[Mughal Empire\|Mughal]] emperor [[Akbar]].

	When Rani heard about the attack by Asaf Khan she decided to defend her kingdom with all her might although her Diwan Beohar Adhar Simha (Adhar Kayastha)<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=18 September 2018 \|archive-date=10 August 2019 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810134208/https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf \|url-status=dead }}</ref> pointed out the strength of Mughal forces. Rani maintained that it was better to die respectfully than to live a disgraceful life.		When Rani heard about the attack by Asaf Khan she decided to defend her kingdom with all her might although her Diwan Beohar Adhar Simha (Adhar Kayastha)<ref>{{Cite web \|url=https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf \|title=Archived copy \|access-date=18 September 2018 \|archive-date=10 August 2019 \|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190810134208/https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf \|url-status=dead }}</ref> pointed out the strength of Mughal forces. Rani maintained that it was better to die respectfully than to live a disgraceful life.
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	* [[Rani of Jhansi]]		* [[Rani of Jhansi]]
	* [[Rudrama Devi]]		* [[Rudrama Devi]]
			* [[Rani Avantibai]]

	==References==		==References==
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	== External links ==		== External links ==
	~~{{Commons category}}~~

	{{Authority control}}		{{Authority control}}
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	[[Category:Indian queen consorts]]		[[Category:Indian queen consorts]]
	[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]		[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
	[[Category:Rajput ~~rulers~~]]		[[Category:Rajput monarchs]]
	[[Category:Suicides in India]]		[[Category:Suicides in India]]
	[[Category:16th-century suicides]]		[[Category:16th-century suicides]]

Bot at 04:42, 22 December 2022

2022-12-22T04:42:54Z

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>Sajaypal007: No source, no summary. Reverted.

2021-06-25T13:28:25Z

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{{Use dmy dates|date=January 2020}}
{{Use Indian English|date=January 2020}}
{{More citations needed|=September 2018|date=September 2020}}
{{Infobox royalty
| image = Rani Durgavati.jpg
| caption = Portrait of Durgavati
| succession = [[Maharani]] of [[Gondwana, India|Gondwana]]
| birth_date = 5 October 1524

| birth_place = [[Kalinjar Fort]] [[Banda district (India)|(Banda) (Uttar Pradesh)]]
| death_date = {{death date and age|1564|06|24|1524|10|05|df=y}}
| death_place = Narai Nala, [[Jabalpur]], [[Madhya Pradesh]]
| spouse = [[Dalpat Shah]]
| issue = Vir Narayan
| successor = ''possibly'' Vir Narayan
| father = Keerat Rai
| religion =Hinduism
}}
'''Rani Durgavati''' (5 October 1524 – 24 June 1564) was the ruling Queen of [[Garha Kingdom|Gondwana]] from 1550 until 1564. She was born in the family of [[Chandel (Rajput clan)|Chandel]] Rajput king Keerat Rai at the fort of [[Kalinjar]] ([[Banda district (India)|Banda]], [[Uttar Pradesh]]). Rani Durgavati's achievements further enhanced the glory of her ancestral tradition of courage and patronage.

==Life==

In 1542, she was married to [[Dalpat Shah]], the adopted son of king [[Sangram Shah]] of the [[Gondwana Kingdom|Gondwana kingdom]]. According to Abul Fazl, Dalpat Shah was son of a [[Kachwaha|Kachhwaha]] Rajput adopted by Raja of Gadha Mandla.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Dikshit|first=R. K.|url=https://books.google.co.in/books?id=a9j9ZJGJOV0C&pg=PA130&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false|title=The Candellas of Jejākabhukti|date=1976|publisher=Abhinav Publications|isbn=978-81-7017-046-4|pages=8|language=en}}</ref> The [[Chandel (Rajput clan)|Chandel]] and [[Gondi people|Rajgond]] dynasties were allied because of this marriage. This resulted in Keerat Rai gaining the help of the Gonds at the time of Muslim invasion of [[Sher Shah Suri]].

She gave birth to a son in 1545 A.D. who was named Vir Narayan. Dalpat Shah died in 1550 and due to the young age of Vir Narayan, Durgavati took the reins of the Gond kingdom. [[Diwan (title)|Diwan]] Beohar Adhar Simha and Minister Man Thakur helped the Rani in looking after the administration successfully and effectively. Rani moved her capital to [[Pachmarhi:Chauragarh|Chauragarh]] in place of
[[Singorgarh fort]]. It was a fort of strategic importance situated on the [[Satpura]] hill range.

After the death of Sher Shah, Shuja at Khan captured [[Malwa]] and was succeeded by his son [[Baz Bahadur]] in 1556. After ascending to the throne, Baz attacked Rani Durgavati but the attack was repulsed.

In the year 1562, [[Akbar]] vanquished the [[Malwa]] ruler [[Baz Bahadur]] and conquered [[Malwa]], made it a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] dominion. Consequently, the state boundary of the Rani touched the [[Mughal Empire]].

The Rani's contemporary was a [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] General, Khwaja Abdul Majid Asaf Khan, an ambitious man who vanquished Ramchandra, the ruler of [[Rewa (princely state)|Rewa]]. The prosperity of Rani Durgavati's state lured him and he invaded the Rani's state after taking permission from [[Mughal Empire|Mughal]] emperor [[Akbar]]. This plan of Mughal invasion was the result of [[expansionism]] and [[imperialism]] of Akbar.

When the Rani heard about the attack by Asaf Khan she decided to defend her kingdom with all her might although her Diwan Beohar Adhar Simha (Adhar Kayastha) <ref>https://byjus.com/pdf/Medieval-India-Satish-Chandra.pdf</ref> pointed out the strength of Mughal forces. The Rani maintained that it was better to die respectfully than to live a disgraceful life.

To fight a defensive battle, she went to Narrai, situated between a hilly range on one side and two rivers [[Gaur]] and [[Narmada]] on the other side. It was an unequal battle with trained soldiers and modern weapons in multitude on the Mughal side and a few untrained soldiers with old weapons on the side of Rani Durgavati. Her Faujdar Arjun Das was killed in the battle and the Rani decided to lead the defence herself. As the enemy entered the valley, the soldiers of the Rani attacked them. Both sides lost some men but the Rani lost more.

At this stage, the Rani reviewed her strategy with her counselors. She wanted to attack the enemy in the night to enfeeble them but her lieutenants did not accept her suggestion. By next morning Asaf Khan had summoned big guns. The Rani rode on her elephant Sarman and came for the battle. Her son Vir Narayan also took part in this battle. He forced Mughal army to move back three times but at last, he got wounded and had to retire to a safe place. In the course of battle, the Rani also got injured badly near her ear with an arrow. Another arrow pierced her neck and she lost her consciousness. On regaining consciousness she perceived that defeat was imminent. Her [[mahout]] advised her to leave the battlefield but she refused and took out her dagger and killed herself on 24 June 1564. Her martyrdom day (24 June 1564) is even today commemorated as "Balidan Diwas".
[[File:Maharani Durgavati.jpg|thumb|250px|right|alt=Painting of a soldier preparing for battle|Rani Durgavati preparing for the battle of Narrai; fresco by Beohar Rammanohar Sinha in Jabalpur's Shaheed-Smarak]]

==Legacy==
In the year 1983, the Government of [[Madhya Pradesh]] renamed the University of [[Jabalpur]] as [[Rani Durgavati Vishwavidyalaya]] in her memory.
Government of India issued a postal-stamp commemorating her death, on 24 June 1988. The train between [[Jabalpur Junction]] and [[Jammutawi]] is known as [[Durgavati Express]] (11449/11450) after the name of the Queen.

==See also==
* [[Chand Bibi]]
* [[Kittur Chennamma]]
* [[Rani of Jhansi]]
* [[Rudrama Devi]]

==References==
{{Reflist}}

== External links ==
{{Commons category}}

{{Authority control}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Durgavati, Rani}}
[[Category:1524 births]]
[[Category:1564 deaths]]
[[Category:History of Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:People from Madhya Pradesh]]
[[Category:Indian military personnel who committed suicide]]
[[Category:Indian women in war]]
[[Category:Regents of India]]
[[Category:Women in 16th-century warfare]]
[[Category:People from Banda district, India]]
[[Category:Indian female royalty]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian women]]
[[Category:16th-century Indian people]]
[[Category:16th-century women rulers]]
[[Category:Indian queen consorts]]
[[Category:Hindu monarchs]]
[[Category:Suicides in India]]
[[Category:16th-century suicides]]