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[[File:Ramsar logo.svg|thumb|200px|RAMSAR [[Logo]]]]

The '''Ramsar Convention''' ('''The Convention on Wetlands of International Importance, especially as [[Waterfowl]] Habitat''') is an international [[treaty]] to protect [[wetland]]s.<ref name="ramsar">[https://rsis.ramsar.org/?pagetab=2 Ramsar official website], retrieved 2021-08-19</ref> It is meant to stop the loss of wetland areas now and in the future. It recognizes that wetlands are an important [[ecosystem]]. It also recognizes that wetlands have [[economy|economic]], [[culture|cultural]], [[science|scientific]], and [[recreation]]al value. It is named after the town of [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]] in [[Iran]].

==Convention==
The convention was developed and agreed to by 18 nations at a meeting in [[Ramsar, Mazandaran|Ramsar]] on February 2, 1971. It came into force on December 21, 1975.

The Ramsar List of Wetlands of International Importance now includes 2,429 sites, which are called ''Ramsar Sites'', covering around 254,611,076 hectares.<ref name=ramsar/> This has increased from 1,021 sites in 2000. The nation with the most sites is the [[United Kingdom]] at 168. The nation with the greatest area of listed wetlands is [[Canada]], with over 130,000 km², including the [[Queen Maud Gulf Migratory Bird Sanctuary]] at 62,800 km².<ref>[http://www.ramsar.org/cda/ramsar/display/main/main.jsp?zn=ramsar&cp=1-36-123^23808_4000_0__ Ramsar Contracting Parties], retrieved 2009-11-07</ref>

There are now 159 nations that have agreed to the convention. The nations meet every three years as the Conference of the Contracting Parties (COP). The first meeting was held in [[Cagliari]], [[Italy]], in 1980. Changes to the original convention have been agreed to in [[Paris]] (1982) and [[Regina]] (1987).<ref>[http://www.ramsar.org/cda/ramsar/display/main/main.jsp?zn=ramsar&cp=1-36-62_4000_0__ Ramsar: A brief history], retrieved 2009-11-07</ref>

There is a standing committee, a scientific review panel, and a secretariat. The headquarters is in [[Gland, Switzerland]], shared with the [[IUCN]].

==List of contracting parties==
[[Albania]], [[Algeria]], [[Argentina]], [[Armenia]], [[Australia]], [[Austria]], [[Azerbaijan]], [[The Bahamas]], [[Bahrain]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Belarus]], [[Belgium]], [[Belize]], [[Benin]], [[Bermuda]], [[Bolivia]], [[Bosnia and Herzegovina]], [[Botswana]], [[Brazil]], [[Bulgaria]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Burundi]], [[Cambodia]], [[Canada]], [[Chad]], [[Chile]], [[China]], [[Colombia]], [[Comoros]], [[Republic of the Congo]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Côte d'Ivoire]], [[Croatia]], [[Cuba]], [[Cyprus]], [[Czech Republic]], [[Democratic Republic of the Congo]], [[Denmark]], [[Djibouti]], [[Dominican Republic]], [[Ecuador]], [[Egypt]], [[El Salvador]], [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Estonia]], [[Finland]], [[France]], [[Gabon]], [[The Gambia]], [[Georgia (country)|Georgia]], [[Germany]], [[Ghana]], [[Greece]], [[Guatemala]], [[Guinea]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Honduras]], [[Hungary]], [[Hong Kong]], [[Iceland]], [[India]], [[Indonesia]], [[Iran]], [[Republic of Ireland|Ireland]], [[Israel]], [[Italy]], [[Jamaica]], [[Japan]], [[Jordan]], [[Kenya]], [[Kyrgyzstan]], [[Latvia]], [[Lebanon]], [[Liberia]], [[Libya]], [[Liechtenstein]], [[Lithuania]], [[Luxembourg]], [[Madagascar]], [[Malawi]], [[Malaysia]], [[Mali]], [[Malta]], [[Mauritania]], [[Mauritius]], [[Mexico]], [[Moldova]], [[Monaco]], [[Mongolia]], [[Morocco]], [[Namibia]], [[Nepal]], [[Netherlands]], [[New Zealand]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Niger]], [[Nigeria]], [[Norway]], [[Pakistan]], [[Palau]], [[Panama]], [[Papua New Guinea]], [[Paraguay]], [[Peru]], [[Philippines]], [[Poland]], [[Portugal]], [[North Macedonia]], [[Romania]], [[Russia]], [[Saint Lucia]], [[Senegal]], [[Serbia]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Slovakia]], [[Slovenia]], [[South Africa]], [[South Korea]], [[Spain]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Suriname]], [[Sweden]], [[Switzerland]], [[Syria]], [[Tajikistan]], [[Tanzania]], [[Thailand]], [[Togo]], [[Trinidad and Tobago]], [[Tunisia]], [[Turkey]], [[Turkmenistan]], [[Uganda]], [[Ukraine]], [[United Kingdom]], [[United States]], [[Uruguay]], [[Uzbekistan]], [[Venezuela]], [[Vietnam]], [[Zambia]], [[Soviet Union|former USSR]].

New contracting parties:
[[Antigua and Barbuda]] (02.10.05), [[Cape Verde]] (18.11.05), [[Central African Republic]] (05.04.06), [[Iraq]] (17.02.08), [[Kazakhstan]] (15.01.07), [[Lesotho]] (01.11.04), [[Marshall Islands]] (13.11.04), [[Montenegro]] (succ. 03.06.06), [[Mozambique]] (03.12.04), [[Myanmar]] (17.03.05), [[Rwanda]] (01.04.06), [[Samoa]] (06.02.05), [[Seychelles]] (22.03.05), [[Sudan]] (07.05.05), [[Turkmenistan]] (03.07.09), [[United Arab Emirates]] (29.12.07), [[Yemen]] (08.02.08).

==References==
{{reflist}}

==External links==
* [http://www.ramsar.org/ The Ramsar Convention on Wetlands]
* [http://ramsar.wetlands.org/ Ramsar Sites Information Service] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130901195350/http://ramsar.wetlands.org/ |date=2013-09-01 }}, web service by a non-profit organisation [[Wetlands International]], providing access to Ramsar database
* [http://www.ramsarcommittee.us/ United States National Ramsar Committee] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101015224621/http://ramsarcommittee.us/ |date=2010-10-15 }}
* [http://www.ppl.nl/index.php?option=com_wrapper&view=wrapper&Itemid=82 Peace Palace Library], bibliography on Water resources and [[International law]].
* [http://climate-l.org/2008/06/20/ramsar-standing-committee-addresses-climate-change-and-biofuels/ Ramsar Standing Committee Addresses Climate Change and Biofuels]{{Dead link|date=December 2020 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}
* [http://www.myallwetlands.com/ Threats to Ramsar Wetlands in Coastal New South Wales, Australia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20111004152533/http://www.myallwetlands.com/ |date=2011-10-04 }}
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[[Category:Treaties and Conventions]]
[[Category:Ramsar sites]]

Ramsar Convention - Revision history

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